atque

Latin

Alternative forms

• ac
• adque

Etymology

From ad (“to”) + -que (“and”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈat.kʷe/, [ˈät̪kʷɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈat.kwe/, [ˈät̪kwe]

Conjunction

atque

1. and, and also, and even, and too
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.1:

     Quam diū quisquam erit quī tē dēfendēre audeat, vīvēs, et vīvēs ita ut nunc vīvis, multīs meīs et firmīs praesidiīs obsessus nē commōvēre tē contrā rem pūblicam possīs. Multōrum tē etiam oculī et aurēs nōn sentientem, sīcut adhūc fēcērunt, speculābuntur atque custōdient.

     As long as one person exists who can dare to defend you, you shall live; but you shall live as you do now, surrounded by my many and trusty guards, so that you shall not be able to stir one finger against the republic: many eyes and ears shall still observe and watch you, as they have hitherto done, though you shall not perceive them.

   Ad vim atque ad arma confugere.

   To resort to violence and to arms.

2. yet, nevertheless
3. (after words expressing comparison) as, than

   Alia sunt legati officia atque imperatoris.

   The obligations of the legate are different from those of the general; or more informative of the literal text: Different are the legate’s duties and the general’s (duties).

Usage notes

• atque is usually found in front of words beginning with a vowel or an h, rarely before consonants. ac is more commonly used in the latter case.

References

• “atque”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “atque”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• atque in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • more than once; repeatedly: semel atque iterum; iterum ac saepius; identidem; etiam atque etiam
    
  • the spirit of the times, the fashion: saeculi consuetudo or ratio atque inclinatio temporis (temporum)
    
  • to entreat earnestly; to make urgent requests: magno opere, vehementer, etiam atque etiam rogare aliquem
    
  • to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter: omni ope atque opera or omni virium contentione eniti, ut
    
  • zealous pursuit of truth: veri inquisitio atque investigatio
    
  • to have had practical experience: in rebus atque in usu versatum esse
    
  • to have attained to a high degree of culture: omni vita atque victu excultum atque expolitum esse (Brut. 25. 95)
    
  • the exalted strain of the speech: elatio atque altitudo orationis
    
  • to be dear to some one: carum atque iucundum esse alicui
    
  • something is contrary to my moral sense, goes against my principles: aliquid abhorret a meis moribus (opp. insitum [atque innatum] est animo or in animo alicuius)
    
  • to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
    
  • an impartial witness: testis incorruptus atque integer
    
  • to carry off booty: ferre atque agere praedam
    
  • to ravage with fire and sword: omnia ferro ignique, ferro atque igni or ferro flammaque vastare
    
  • to surrender oneself to the discretion of some one: se permittere in fidem atque in potestatem alicuius (B. G. 2. 3)
    
  • as if the victory were already won: sicut parta iam atque explorata victoria
    
  • so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: atque or sed haec (quidem) hactenus
    
  • so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: atque haec quidem de...
    
  • there is this also to notice: atque etiam hoc animadvertendum est
    
  • it is quite manifest: exstat atque eminet
    
• atque in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016