alius

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈlius/
• Rhymes: -ius
• Syllabification: a‧li‧us

Verb

alius

1. conditional of alii

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *aljos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos) (Modern Greek άλλος (állos)), αἶλος (aîlos) (Arcadocypriot), Old Armenian այլ (ayl), Proto-Celtic *alyos, Proto-Germanic *aljaz (Modern English else). Other forms from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- include Latin ille, uls.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈa.li.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈaː.li.us]

Determiner

alius (feminine alia, neuter aliud); first/second-declension determiner (pronominal declension or non-pronominal declension)

1. other, another, any other
2. else
3. different
4. (distributively) the one ... the other; one ... another
   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 47.17:

     Ostende quis nōn sit: alius libīdinī servit, alius avāritiae, alius ambitiōnī, omnēs timōrī.

     Show [me someone] who is not [a slave]: the one is a slave to lust, the other to greed, yet another to ambition, [but] all [are slaves] to fear.

Usage notes

• When used in pairs, alius ... alius functions like English one ... another, while aliī ... aliī functions like English some ... others
• In an affirmative sentence, when alius is followed by an the ablative, it typically means "other than". In a negative construction, this is typically construed as "nothing else but" or "nothing other than".

Declension

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal declension or non-pronominal declension).

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	alius	alia	aliud		aliī	aliae	alia
genitive	alterī̆us alīus aliī	alterī̆us alīus aliae	alterī̆us alīus aliī		aliōrum	aliārum	aliōrum
dative	aliī aliō	aliī aliae	aliī aliō		aliīs
accusative	alium	aliam	aliud		aliōs	aliās	alia
ablative	aliō	aliā	aliō		aliīs
vocative	alie	alia	aliud		aliī	aliae	alia

The regular genitive singular alīus is rare, with alterī̆us typically being used instead.

Derived terms

• ali-
• aliā
• aliās
• alicubi
• aliēnus
• aliō
• aliōquī
• aliōrsum
• aliter
• alius aliō
• inter alia

Related terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	demonstrative			realis		irrealis		interrogative				indefinite					alternative
	proximal	medial	distal	anaphoric	identity	conditional	negative		indefinite	irrelative / emphatic	relative		irrelative	free choice	universal	negative polarity
basic	hic	iste istic	ille illic	is	ipse īdem	sīquis	nēquisquam nēmō̆ nihil nūllus	numquis	ecquis ecquī ecquisnam ecquīnam	quisnam quīnam	quis quī	quisquis quīcumque	quīdam aliquis, quis aliquī, quī quispiam	quīvis quīlibet	quisque	quisquam ūllus	alius
comparative	huiusmodī huiuscemodī	istī̆usmodī	illī̆usmodī	eiusmodī	eiusdemmodī	sīcuiusmodī	nēcuiusquammodī	numcuiusmodī		cuiusnammodī	cuiusmodī	cuiusmodīcumque	alicuiusmodī cuiusdammodī	cuiusvīsmodī	cuiusquemodī	cuiusquammodī	alterī̆usmodī
dual							neuter			uternam	uter	utercumque	alteruter	utervīs uterlibet	uterque		alter
place	hīc	istīc	illīc	ibī̆	ibī̆dem	sīcubī	nusquam nūllibī			ubinam	ubī̆	ubī̆cumque ubiubī̆	alicubī̆ uspiam	ubivīs ubilibet	ubīque	usquam	alibī aliās
source	hinc	ºistim istinc	ºillim illinc	inde	indidem	sīcunde	°nūllunde			undenam	ºcum unde	undecumque undeunde	alicunde	°undelibet	undique	°undiquam	aliunde
destination	hūc hōc °hōrsum	istūc istōc °istōrsum	illūc illōc °illōrsum	eō	eōdem	sīquō	nusquam °nūllōrsum	numquō	ecquō	quōnam	quō quōrsum	quōcumque quōquō °quōrsumcumque	aliquō quōpiam °aliquōvorsum	quōvīs quōlibet	quōque	quōquam	aliō aliōrsum
means, way, path, place	hāc	istāc	illāc	eā	eādem	sīquā	nēquāquam haudquāquam	numquā	ecquā	quānam	quā	quācumque quāquā	aliquā	quāvīs quālibet	quāque	°quāquam ūllā	aliā
distance	hāctenus	°istātenus °istāctenus	°illātenus °illāctenus	eātenus			nūllātenus		°ecquātenus	°quātenusnam	quātenus	°quātenuscumque °quāquātenus	aliquātenus quādantenus	°quātenusvīs °quātenuslibet		ūllātenus	aliātenus
reason	°hācpropter °hōccircā	°istāpropter	°illāpropter	eāpropter eōcircā			°nullāpropter °nullōcircā				cūr quāpropter quōcircā quārē		°quādampropter		°quōquecircā		°aliāpropter
manner	hōc modō	istō modō	illō modō	ita sīc eō modō	item itidem	sīquī	nihil nihilō neutiquam °neutī̆que nēquīquam nē quidem nūllō modō	numquī	ecquī	utinam	ut prout quī quō modō quōmodo quemadmodum quiter quārē	utcumque utut proutcumque quōmodocumque °quemadmodumcumque	quī quōdam modō aliquō modō	quōmodolibet	utīque	°utiquam °quīquam ūllō modō	aliter aliōquī alterō/aliō modō
time	†num nunc		ōlim	tum tunc	simul	sīquandō̆	numquam	°numquandō̆	ecquandō̆	quandōnam	quandō̆ ‡cum	quandōcumque quandōque cumque °quandōnē °quandōquandō °cumcumque	quondam aliquandō̆	°quandōlibet	quandōque	umquam	aliās
quantity				tam	†tamen †tandem						quam	quamcumque †quamquam	aliquam	quamvīs quamlibet	quamque
size				tantus	tantusdem							quantus	quantuscumque quantusquantus	aliquantus	quantusvīs quantuslibet	quantusque
quality				tālis					°ecquālis	quālisnam	quālis	quāliscumque quālisquālis	aliquālis	quālislibet	quālisque
number				tot	totidem					°quotnam °quotinam	quot	quotquot quotcumque	aliquot	quotlibet
order/fractional				totus							quotus	°quotuscumque	°aliquotus	°quotuslibet	°quotusque °quotusquisque
repetition				totiēns			nullotiēns				quotiēns	quotiēnscumque	aliquotiēns	quotiēnslibet	quotiēnsque °quotiēnsquisque
multiplication				totuplex							quotuplex
proportion				°totuplus							quotuplus
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat changed ° Rare ‡ Only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative.

Descendants

• Asturian: ál
• Old Galician-Portuguese: al
• Old Spanish: ál

See also

• et aliī

References

• “alius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “alius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “alius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to put off till another time; to postpone: aliquid in aliud tempus, in posterum differre
    
  • concatenation, interdependence of causes: rerum causae aliae ex aliis nexae
    
  • (ambiguous) to be inattentive: alias res or aliud agere
    
  • to judge others by oneself: de se (ex se de aliis) coniecturam facere
    
  • (ambiguous) he is a young man of great promise: adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit or alii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
    
  • to think one thing, say another; to conceal one's opinions: aliter sentire ac loqui (aliud sentire, aliud loqui)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be inattentive: alias res or aliud agere
    
  • (ambiguous) he is a young man of great promise: adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit or alii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
    
  • (ambiguous) to turn the conversation to another topic: sermonem alio transferre
    
  • (ambiguous) to transfer the seat of war elsewhere: bellum transferre alio, in...
    
  • (ambiguous) more of this another time: sed de hoc alias pluribus
    
• alius in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016