illic
Appearance
Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From ille (“that, yon”) + -ce (“here/there”). Compare istic, hic and hice.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɪlˈlɪk]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ilˈlik]
Pronoun
[edit]illic (feminine illaec, neuter illuc or illucce or illoc); demonstrative pronoun
- yon, that, that over there (3rd person demonstrative pronoun of distance)
Declension
[edit]Demonstrative pronoun.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | illic | illaec | illuc illucce illoc |
illīsce | illaec | ||
genitive | illī̆usce | *illōrunc | *illārunc | *illōrunc | |||
dative | illīc | illīsce | |||||
accusative | illunc | illanc | illuc illucce illoc |
illōsce | illāsce | illaec | |
ablative | illōc | illāc | illōc | illīsce | |||
vocative | — | — |
- These 'reinforced' forms of ille were used particularly in Early Latin authors such as Plautus.[1] The forms seen in this context include the nominatives (illic / illaec / illuc), the accusative singulars (illunc / illanc, attested alongside unreinforced illum / illam), and the ablative singulars (illōc / illāc). Forms ending in -ce seem to have belonged to a more archaic period,[1] though note that phonotactic restrictions would prevent final -sce from being contracted to **-sc. The genitive singular illīusce appears in an old ritual transmitted by Cato; the dative/ablative plural illīsce is attested in Cato, and also (before vowels only[2]) in Plautus; the masculine accusative plural illōsce and feminine accusative plural illāsce are attested by Manius Manilius and Varro. Note also that illucce (illud + -ce) is attested for the neuter nominative singular, and influence from hoc also lead to illoc. The genitive plural is not attested, but the analogous forms would be *illōrunc / *illārunc (from unreinforced illōrum / illārum + -ce).
- Based in part on hypotheses about the role of accent in Old Latin comic meter, W. M. Lindsay argues that for Plautus, both illī and illīc could be used either as a dative demonstrative pronoun or as an adverb.[3] However, extant manuscripts of Plautus's plays largely adhere to the norm of using illī for the dative demonstrative and illīc for the adverb (as in Classical Latin), which Lindsay assumes is the result of scribes altering the original spelling.[4][5] Cases where the form illī was originally used for the adverb can be securely determined in some circumstances where the meter requires elision (as in Plautus Menaechmi 308[6] or Plautus Captivi 278[4]); cases where the form illīc was originally used for the dative pronoun are harder to confirm, since it can be difficult to rule out the alternative option of hiatus after illī.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From the lost locative neuter singular of the above pronoun, compare hīc and istīc.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɪlˈliːk]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ilˈlik]
Adverb
[edit]illīc (not comparable)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Aragonese: allí
- Asturian: ellí
- Catalan: allí
- Extremaduran: allí
- French: li-aives (Burgundy, rare and dialectal, from illic abeas)
- Galician: alí
- Italian: lì
- Leonese: eillí
- Mirandese: alhi
- Portuguese: ali
- Spanish: allí
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Adams, J. N. (2013) Social Variation and the Latin Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, , →ISBN, pages 454–459
- ^ Lindsay, W. M. (1894) The Latin Language, page 436
- ^ Lindsay, W. M. (1892) “Skutch's Studies on Plautine Prosody”, in The Classical Review, volume 6, page 404
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lindsay, W. M. (1894) The Latin Language, page 567
- ^ Lindsay, W. M. (1894) “The Accentual Element in Early Latin Verse”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, volume 29, page 421
- ^ Knight, Clara M. (1919) Menaechmi, page 83
Further reading
[edit]- “illic” in volume 7, part 1, column 370, line 10 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
- “illic”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “illic”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- illic in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for schools and colleges founded on comparative grammar, 1903, page 67.