cifra

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See also: cifrá, cifră, and ċifra

Asturian[edit]

Noun[edit]

cifra f (plural cifres)

  1. number, figure

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Czech cifra, borrowed from German Ziffer, from Medieval Latin cifra (“numeral; zero symbol”), from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “zero”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈt͡sɪfra]
  • audio(file)

Noun[edit]

cifra f

  1. digit
    Synonym: číslice

Declension[edit]

Declension of cifra (hard feminine reducible)
singular plural
nominative cifra cifry
genitive cifry cifer
dative cifře cifrám
accusative cifru cifry
vocative cifro cifry
locative cifře cifrách
instrumental cifrou ciframi

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • cifra in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • cifra in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • cifra in Internetová jazyková příručka

Hungarian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cifra (“zero, numeral”), from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “zero, empty, nothing”).[1][2]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈt͡sifrɒ]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: cif‧ra
  • Rhymes: -rɒ

Adjective[edit]

cifra (comparative cifrább, superlative legcifrább)

  1. ornamented, gaudy
  2. (figurative, colloquial) indecent, vulgar, dirty

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative cifra cifrák
accusative cifrát cifrákat
dative cifrának cifráknak
instrumental cifrával cifrákkal
causal-final cifráért cifrákért
translative cifrává cifrákká
terminative cifráig cifrákig
essive-formal cifraként cifrákként
essive-modal — —
inessive cifrában cifrákban
superessive cifrán cifrákon
adessive cifránál cifráknál
illative cifrába cifrákba
sublative cifrára cifrákra
allative cifrához cifrákhoz
elative cifrából cifrákból
delative cifráról cifrákról
ablative cifrától cifráktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		cifráé cifráké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		cifráéi cifrákéi

Derived terms[edit]

Expressions

References[edit]

  1. ^ cifra in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ cifra in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

Further reading[edit]

  • cifra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • cifra in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Italian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.fra/
  • Rhymes: -ifra
  • Hyphenation: cì‧fra

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cifra (“zero, numeral”), from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “zero, empty, nothing”). Doublet of zero.

Noun[edit]

cifra f (plural cifre)

  1. figure, numeral
  2. sum
  3. code, cipher
  4. (in the plural) initials, monogram

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

cifra

  1. inflection of cifrare:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “zero, empty, nothing”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

cifra f (genitive cifrae); first declension (Medieval Latin)

  1. numeral, cipher
  2. zero (symbol)
    • c. 1230, Johannes de Sacrobosco, “De Arte Numerandi”, in Rara Mathematica‎[1], published 1841, page 3:
      Decima figura dicitur theta, vel circulus, vel cifra, vel figura nihili quia nihil significat, sed locum tenens dat aliis significare: nam sine cifra vel cifris purus non potest scribi articulus.
      The tenth symbol is called theta, or circle, or zero, or the null symbol, which indicates none, but, holding a place, gives a different meaning: for without a zero or zeroes, it is not possible to write the pure single word.

Declension[edit]

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cifra cifrae
Genitive cifrae cifrārum
Dative cifrae cifrīs
Accusative cifram cifrās
Ablative cifrā cifrīs
Vocative cifra cifrae

Descendants[edit]

  • English: cipher
  • French: chiffre
  • Friulian: cifre
  • Hungarian: cifra
  • Italian: cifra
  • Piedmontese: cifra

References[edit]

  • cifra in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: ci‧fra

Etymology 1[edit]

Acordes marcados com cifras (4).

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cifra (“zero, numeral”), from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “zero, empty, nothing”). Doublet of zero.

Noun[edit]

cifra f (plural cifras)

  1. number
  2. amount, figure
  3. code, cipher
  4. (music) number or letter that represents a chord
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

cifra

  1. inflection of cifrar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French chiffrer.

Verb[edit]

a cifra (third-person singular present cifrează, past participle cifrat) 1st conj.

  1. to quantify
  2. to cypher

Conjugation[edit]

    conjugation of cifra (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
infinitive a cifra
gerund cifrând
past participle cifrat
number singular plural
person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present cifrez cifrezi cifrează cifrăm cifrați cifrează
imperfect cifram cifrai cifra cifram cifrați cifrau
simple perfect cifrai cifrași cifră cifrarăm cifrarăți cifrară
pluperfect cifrasem cifraseși cifrase cifraserăm cifraserăți cifraseră
subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present să cifrez să cifrezi să cifreze să cifrăm să cifrați să cifreze
imperative — tu — — voi —
affirmative cifrează cifrați
negative nu cifra nu cifrați

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “empty”) and, subsequently "zero"; cifra is the Latin form which came to Europe via Andalusian Arabic in late 14th century.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /t͡sîfra/
  • Hyphenation: cif‧ra

Noun[edit]

cȉfra f (Cyrillic spelling ци̏фра)

  1. digit
  2. figure
  3. number, numeral

Declension[edit]

Declension of cifra
singular plural
nominative cȉfra cifre
genitive cifre cȉfārā / cȉfrī
dative cifri ciframa
accusative cifru cifre
vocative cifro cifre
locative cifri ciframa
instrumental cifrom ciframa

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθifɾa/ [ˈθi.fɾa]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /ˈsifɾa/ [ˈsi.fɾa]
  • Rhymes: -ifɾa
  • Syllabification: ci‧fra

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic صِفْر‎ (ṣifr, “empty”) and, subsequently 'zero'; cifra is the Latin form which came to Europe via Andalusian Arabic in late 14th century. Cognate with English cipher.

Noun[edit]

cifra f (plural cifras)

  1. digit
  2. number
  3. amount
  4. cipher; code
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

cifra

  1. inflection of cifrar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading[edit]

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