closure

See also: Clojure

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French closure, from Late Latin clausura, from Latin claudere (“to close”); see clausure and cloture (etymological doublets) and close.

Pronunciation

• enPR: klō'zhûr
  • IPA^(key): /ˈkləʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/
  • IPA^(key): /ˈkloʊ.ʒɝ/, /ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

Noun

closure (countable and uncountable, plural closures)

1. An event or occurrence that signifies an ending.
2. A feeling of completeness; the experience of an emotional conclusion, usually to a difficult period.
3. A device to facilitate temporary and repeatable opening and closing.
4. (programming) An abstraction that represents a function within an environment, a context consisting of the variables that are both bound at a particular time during the execution of the program and that are within the function's scope.
5. (mathematics) The smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property.
6. (topology, of a set) The smallest closed set which contains the given set.
   • 1955 [Van Nostrand Reinhold], John L. Kelley, General Topology, 2017, Dover, page 42,

     The closure (${\mathfrak {T}}$-closure) of a subset A of a topological space $(X,{\mathfrak {T}})$ is the intersection of the members of the family of all closed sets containing A. […]

     7 THEOREM The closure of any set is the union of the set and the set of its accumulation points.

7. The act of shutting; a closing.

   the closure of a door, or of a chink

8. That which closes or shuts; that by which separate parts are fastened or closed.
   • 1729 November 28, Alexander Pope, Letter to Jonathan Swift, 1824, The Works of Jonathan Swift: Containing Additional Letters, Volume 17, 2nd Edition, page 284,

     I admire on this consideration your sending your last to me quite open, without a seal, wafer, or any closure whatever, manifesting the utter openness of the writer.

9. (obsolete) That which encloses or confines; an enclosure.
   • c. 1593 William Shakespeare Richard III, Act 3, Scene 3, 1765, Samuel Johnson, George Steevens (editors) The Plays of William Shakespeare, Volume XI, 1808, page 97,

     O thou bloody prison […] / Within the guilty closure of thy walls / Richard the Second here was hacked to death.

10. A method of ending a parliamentary debate and securing an immediate vote upon a measure before a legislative body.

Hyponyms

• (computing): function closure, lexical closure
• (device): clasp, hasp, latch, hook and eye

Troponyms

• (computer science) thunk

Derived terms

• closure operator
• closure space

Translations

event signifying an ending

• Bulgarian: закриване (bg) n (zakrivane)
• Catalan: clausura f
• Czech: uzavření n, uzavírka f
• Dutch: beëindiging (nl), afsluiting (nl), sluiting (nl)
• Finnish: sulkeminen (fi), lopettaminen (fi)
• Italian: chiusura (it) f, termine (it) f
• Nepali: banda
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: encerramento (pt) m, fecho (pt) m, término (pt) m
• Romanian: închidere (ro) f
• Russian: оконча́ние (ru) (okončánije), закры́тие (ru) (zakrýtije)
• Scottish Gaelic: dùnadh m
• Spanish: clausura (es) f
• Swedish: avslutning (sv) c, avrundning (sv) c

feeling of completeness

• Finnish: ratkaisu (fi)
• Portuguese: término (pt) m, final (pt) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Spanish: clausura (es) f

device

• Finnish: suljin (fi), sulkija (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Spanish: cierre (es) m

computing

• Catalan: clausura f
• Finnish: sulkeuma
• French: fermeture (fr)
• German: Closure, Funktionsabschluss m
• Icelandic: lokun (is) f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: chiusura (it) f
• Japanese: 関数閉包 (かんすうへいほう, kansū-heihō), クロージャ (kurōja)
• Persian: بستار (fa)
• Portuguese: clausura (pt) f

mathematical set

• Bulgarian: обвивка (bg) f (obvivka)
• Czech: uzávěr m
• Danish: afslutning (da) c
• French: fermeture (fr)
• German: Hülle (de) f
• Hungarian: lezárt
• Icelandic: lokun (is) f
• Irish: iamh an tacair m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: chiusura (it) f
• Japanese: 閉包 (へいほう, heihō), 閉苞 (へいほう, heihō)
• Polish: domknięcie (pl) n
• Portuguese: fechamento (pt) m
• Romanian: închidere (ro) f
• Swedish: hölje (sv) n

See also

• cloture

Anagrams

• Clouser, colures