engendrar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ingenerāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əɲ.ʒənˈdɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [eɲ.d͡ʒenˈdɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

engendrar (first-person singular present engendro, first-person singular preterite engendrí, past participle engendrat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencian) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. to engender, spawn

Conjugation

    Conjugation of engendrar (first conjugation)

infinitive			engendrar
gerund			engendrant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		engendrat		engendrada
		plural		engendrats		engendrades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	engendro	engendres	engendra	engendrem	engendreu	engendren
	imperfect	engendrava	engendraves	engendrava	engendràvem	engendràveu	engendraven
	future	engendraré	engendraràs	engendrarà	engendrarem	engendrareu	engendraran
	preterite	engendrí	engendrares	engendrà	engendràrem	engendràreu	engendraren
	conditional	engendraria	engendraries	engendraria	engendraríem	engendraríeu	engendrarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	engendri	engendris	engendri	engendrem	engendreu	engendrin
	imperfect	engendrés	engendressis	engendrés	engendréssim	engendréssiu	engendressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	engendra	engendri	engendrem	engendreu	engendrin
	negative (no)	—	no engendris	no engendri	no engendrem	no engendreu	no engendrin

Further reading

• “engendrar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “engendrar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “engendrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “engendrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ingenerāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ʒẽˈdɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.ʒẽˈdɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: en‧gen‧drar

Verb

engendrar (first-person singular present engendro, first-person singular preterite engendrei, past participle engendrado)

1. to engender

Conjugation

    Conjugation of engendrar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	engendrar
Personal	engendrar	engendrares	engendrar	engendrarmos	engendrardes	engendrarem
Gerund
	engendrando
Past participle
Masculine	engendrado			engendrados
Feminine	engendrada			engendradas
Indicative
Present	engendro	engendras	engendra	engendramos	engendrais	engendram
Imperfect	engendrava	engendravas	engendrava	engendrávamos	engendráveis	engendravam
Preterite	engendrei	engendraste	engendrou	engendramos1, engendrámos2	engendrastes	engendraram
Pluperfect	engendrara	engendraras	engendrara	engendráramos	engendráreis	engendraram
Future	engendrarei	engendrarás	engendrará	engendraremos	engendrareis	engendrarão
Conditional	engendraria	engendrarias	engendraria	engendraríamos	engendraríeis	engendrariam
Subjunctive
Present	engendre	engendres	engendre	engendremos	engendreis	engendrem
Imperfect	engendrasse	engendrasses	engendrasse	engendrássemos	engendrásseis	engendrassem
Future	engendrar	engendrares	engendrar	engendrarmos	engendrardes	engendrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		engendra	engendre	engendremos	engendrai	engendrem
Negative (não)		não engendres	não engendre	não engendremos	não engendreis	não engendrem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ingenerāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enxenˈdɾaɾ/ [ẽŋ.xẽn̪ˈd̪ɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: en‧gen‧drar

Verb

engendrar (first-person singular present engendro, first-person singular preterite engendré, past participle engendrado)

1. to engender, spawn, beget

Conjugation

    Conjugation of engendrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			engendrar
gerund			engendrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		engendrado		engendrada
		plural		engendrados		engendradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	engendro	engendrastú engendrásvos	engendra	engendramos	engendráis	engendran
	imperfect	engendraba	engendrabas	engendraba	engendrábamos	engendrabais	engendraban
	preterite	engendré	engendraste	engendró	engendramos	engendrasteis	engendraron
	future	engendraré	engendrarás	engendrará	engendraremos	engendraréis	engendrarán
	conditional	engendraría	engendrarías	engendraría	engendraríamos	engendraríais	engendrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	engendre	engendrestú engendrésvos2	engendre	engendremos	engendréis	engendren
	imperfect (ra)	engendrara	engendraras	engendrara	engendráramos	engendrarais	engendraran
	imperfect (se)	engendrase	engendrases	engendrase	engendrásemos	engendraseis	engendrasen
	future1	engendrare	engendrares	engendrare	engendráremos	engendrareis	engendraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		engendratú engendrávos	engendre	engendremos	engendrad	engendren
	negative		no engendres	no engendre	no engendremos	no engendréis	no engendren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of engendrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive engendrar
	dative	engendrarme	engendrarte	engendrarle, engendrarse	engendrarnos	engendraros	engendrarles, engendrarse
	accusative	engendrarme	engendrarte	engendrarlo, engendrarla, engendrarse	engendrarnos	engendraros	engendrarlos, engendrarlas, engendrarse
with gerund engendrando
	dative	engendrándome	engendrándote	engendrándole, engendrándose	engendrándonos	engendrándoos	engendrándoles, engendrándose
	accusative	engendrándome	engendrándote	engendrándolo, engendrándola, engendrándose	engendrándonos	engendrándoos	engendrándolos, engendrándolas, engendrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative engendra
	dative	engéndrame	engéndrate	engéndrale	engéndranos	not used	engéndrales
	accusative	engéndrame	engéndrate	engéndralo, engéndrala	engéndranos	not used	engéndralos, engéndralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative engendrá
	dative	engendrame	engendrate	engendrale	engendranos	not used	engendrales
	accusative	engendrame	engendrate	engendralo, engendrala	engendranos	not used	engendralos, engendralas
with formal second-person singular imperative engendre
	dative	engéndreme	not used	engéndrele, engéndrese	engéndrenos	not used	engéndreles
	accusative	engéndreme	not used	engéndrelo, engéndrela, engéndrese	engéndrenos	not used	engéndrelos, engéndrelas
with first-person plural imperative engendremos
	dative	not used	engendrémoste	engendrémosle	engendrémonos	engendrémoos	engendrémosles
	accusative	not used	engendrémoste	engendrémoslo, engendrémosla	engendrémonos	engendrémoos	engendrémoslos, engendrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative engendrad
	dative	engendradme	not used	engendradle	engendradnos	engendraos	engendradles
	accusative	engendradme	not used	engendradlo, engendradla	engendradnos	engendraos	engendradlos, engendradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative engendren
	dative	engéndrenme	not used	engéndrenle	engéndrennos	not used	engéndrenles, engéndrense
	accusative	engéndrenme	not used	engéndrenlo, engéndrenla	engéndrennos	not used	engéndrenlos, engéndrenlas, engéndrense

Derived terms

• engendrable
• engendración
• engendrador
• engendramiento
• engendro

 

Further reading

• “engendrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014