impi

See also: Impi and impí

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Zulu impi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪmpi/

Noun

impi (plural impis)

1. A group of Zulu (or other Bantu) warriors; a detachment of armed men.
   • 1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage, published 2000, page 212:

     And in the end he, as well as three of his four children, shared Retief's fate in the massacre of Trekkers by the Zulu impis of Dingane.

   • 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London: Abacus, published 2010, page 26:

     But as grizzled as Chief Joyi often seemed, the decades fell off him when he spoke of the impis, or warriors, in the army of King Ngangelizwe.

Translations

regiment of Zulu warriors

• Afrikaans: impie
• Portuguese: impi m

Anagrams

• MIPI

Catawba

Noun

impi

1. fire

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Related to Karelian impi. SSA also suggests that the word is related to Võro impe', but this word is only attested in Wiedemann's dictionary and appears to be a ghost word.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈimpi/, [ˈimpi]
• Rhymes: -impi
• Syllabification^(key): im‧pi
• Hyphenation^(key): im‧pi

Noun

impi (literary)

1. virgin, maiden

Declension

Inflection of impi (Kotus type 7*H/ovi, mp–mm gradation)
nominative		impi	immet
genitive		immen	impien
partitive		impeä	impiä
illative		impeen	impiin
		singular	plural
nominative		impi	immet
accusative	nom.	impi	immet
	gen.	immen
genitive		immen	impien
partitive		impeä	impiä
inessive		immessä	immissä
elative		immestä	immistä
illative		impeen	impiin
adessive		immellä	immillä
ablative		immeltä	immiltä
allative		immelle	immille
essive		impenä	impinä
translative		immeksi	immiksi
abessive		immettä	immittä
instructive		—	immin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of impi (Kotus type 7*H/ovi, mp–mm gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative impeni impeni accusative nom. impeni impeni gen. impeni genitive impeni impieni partitive impeäni impiäni inessive immessäni immissäni elative immestäni immistäni illative impeeni impiini adessive immelläni immilläni ablative immeltäni immiltäni allative immelleni immilleni essive impenäni impinäni translative immekseni immikseni abessive immettäni immittäni instructive — — comitative — impineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative impesi impesi accusative nom. impesi impesi gen. impesi genitive impesi impiesi partitive impeäsi impiäsi inessive immessäsi immissäsi elative immestäsi immistäsi illative impeesi impiisi adessive immelläsi immilläsi ablative immeltäsi immiltäsi allative immellesi immillesi essive impenäsi impinäsi translative immeksesi immiksesi abessive immettäsi immittäsi instructive — — comitative — impinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative impemme impemme accusative nom. impemme impemme gen. impemme genitive impemme impiemme partitive impeämme impiämme inessive immessämme immissämme elative immestämme immistämme illative impeemme impiimme adessive immellämme immillämme ablative immeltämme immiltämme allative immellemme immillemme essive impenämme impinämme translative immeksemme immiksemme abessive immettämme immittämme instructive — — comitative — impinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative impenne impenne accusative nom. impenne impenne gen. impenne genitive impenne impienne partitive impeänne impiänne inessive immessänne immissänne elative immestänne immistänne illative impeenne impiinne adessive immellänne immillänne ablative immeltänne immiltänne allative immellenne immillenne essive impenänne impinänne translative immeksenne immiksenne abessive immettänne immittänne instructive — — comitative — impinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative impensä impensä accusative nom. impensä impensä gen. impensä genitive impensä impiensä partitive impeään impeänsä impiään impiänsä inessive immessään immessänsä immissään immissänsä elative immestään immestänsä immistään immistänsä illative impeensä impiinsä adessive immellään immellänsä immillään immillänsä ablative immeltään immeltänsä immiltään immiltänsä allative immelleen immellensä immilleen immillensä essive impenään impenänsä impinään impinänsä translative immekseen immeksensä immikseen immiksensä abessive immettään immettänsä immittään immittänsä instructive — — comitative — impineen impinensä

Synonyms

• neitsyt
• immyt

Derived terms

• immenkalvo
• immenkukka
• immyt
• impeys
• Impi
• Impilahti

Further reading

• “impi”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay impi, from Proto-Malayic *impi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hipi, from Proto-Austronesian *Sipi. Doublet of mimpi.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈimpi/ [ˈim.pi]
• Rhymes: -impi
• Syllabification: im‧pi

Verb

impi

1. to dream (to hope; to wish)

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• mengimpikan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• terimpi-impi [reduplication + agentless action] (redup + teR-)
• impian (“dream”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)

Further reading

• “impi”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *impi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hipi, from Proto-Austronesian *Sipi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /impi/
• Rhymes: -impi, -pi, -i

Verb

impi (Jawi spelling ايمڤي)

1. to dream (to hope; to wish)

   Synonym: mimpi

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• impikan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• mengimpi [agent focus] (meN-)
• mengimpikan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• diimpi [patient focus] (di-)
• diimpikan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• impian (“dream”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)

Descendants

• Indonesian: impi

Further reading

• "impi" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [íːᵐpí]

Noun

ímpí class 9 (plural ízimpí class 10)

1. army, regiment

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /îːmpí/

Noun

împí class 9 (plural ízimpí class 10)

1. war, battle
2. army, regiment

Inflection

Class 9/10 (locative empini)

	singular		plural
full form	impi		izimpi
simple form	mpi		zimpi
locative	empini		ezimpini
copulative	yimpi		yizimpi
Possessive forms
	singular		plural
	modifier	substantive	modifier	substantive
class 1	wempi	owempi	wezimpi	owezimpi
class 2	bempi	abempi	bezimpi	abezimpi
class 3	wempi	owempi	wezimpi	owezimpi
class 4	yempi	eyempi	yezimpi	eyezimpi
class 5	lempi	elempi	lezimpi	elezimpi
class 6	empi	awempi	ezimpi	awezimpi
class 7	sempi	esempi	sezimpi	esezimpi
class 8	zempi	ezempi	zezimpi	ezezimpi
class 9	yempi	eyempi	yezimpi	eyezimpi
class 10	zempi	ezempi	zezimpi	ezezimpi
class 11	lwempi	olwempi	lwezimpi	olwezimpi
class 14	bempi	obempi	bezimpi	obezimpi
class 15	kwempi	okwempi	kwezimpi	okwezimpi
class 17	kwempi	okwempi	kwezimpi	okwezimpi

Derived terms

• ubumpi

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “-mpi”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-mpi (2-8.3)”