irritar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin irrītāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [i.riˈta]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [i.riˈtaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

irritar (first-person singular present irrito, first-person singular preterite irrití, past participle irritat)

1. to irritate
2. to excite

Conjugation

    Conjugation of irritar (first conjugation)

infinitive			irritar
gerund			irritant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		irritat		irritada
		plural		irritats		irritades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	irrito	irrites	irrita	irritem	irriteu	irriten
	imperfect	irritava	irritaves	irritava	irritàvem	irritàveu	irritaven
	future	irritaré	irritaràs	irritarà	irritarem	irritareu	irritaran
	preterite	irrití	irritares	irrità	irritàrem	irritàreu	irritaren
	conditional	irritaria	irritaries	irritaria	irritaríem	irritaríeu	irritarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	irriti	irritis	irriti	irritem	irriteu	irritin
	imperfect	irrités	irritessis	irrités	irritéssim	irritéssiu	irritessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	irrita	irriti	irritem	irriteu	irritin
	negative (no)	—	no irritis	no irriti	no irritem	no irriteu	no irritin

Related terms

• irritació
• irritant

Further reading

• “irritar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “irritar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “irritar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “irritar”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin irrītāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta(ʁ)/ [i.hiˈta(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta(ʁ)/ [i.hiˈta(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta(ɾ)/ [i.hiˈta(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta(ʁ)/ [i.χiˈta(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta(ɻ)/ [i.hiˈta(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈtaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈtaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ʁiˈta.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ir‧ri‧tar

Verb

irritar (first-person singular present irrito, first-person singular preterite irritei, past participle irritado)

1. to irritate

   As preparações mais fortes podem irritar a pele.

   Stronger preparations can irritate the skin.

2. to excite
3. to annoy, to bother

   É fácil irritar alguém.

   It is easy to annoy someone.

   Não me irrite.

   Don't bother me.

4. (reflexive) to become angry

   As pessoas se irritam com você.

   People get angry with you.

5. (reflexive) to become irritated

Conjugation

    Conjugation of irritar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	irritar
Personal	irritar	irritares	irritar	irritarmos	irritardes	irritarem
Gerund
	irritando
Past participle
Masculine	irritado			irritados
Feminine	irritada			irritadas
Indicative
Present	irrito	irritas	irrita	irritamos	irritais	irritam
Imperfect	irritava	irritavas	irritava	irritávamos	irritáveis	irritavam
Preterite	irritei	irritaste	irritou	irritamos1, irritámos2	irritastes	irritaram
Pluperfect	irritara	irritaras	irritara	irritáramos	irritáreis	irritaram
Future	irritarei	irritarás	irritará	irritaremos	irritareis	irritarão
Conditional	irritaria	irritarias	irritaria	irritaríamos	irritaríeis	irritariam
Subjunctive
Present	irrite	irrites	irrite	irritemos	irriteis	irritem
Imperfect	irritasse	irritasses	irritasse	irritássemos	irritásseis	irritassem
Future	irritar	irritares	irritar	irritarmos	irritardes	irritarem
Imperative
Affirmative		irrita	irrite	irritemos	irritai	irritem
Negative (não)		não irrites	não irrite	não irritemos	não irriteis	não irritem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• irritação
• irritante

Further reading

• “irritar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin irrītāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iriˈtaɾ/ [i.riˈt̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: i‧rri‧tar

Verb

irritar (first-person singular present irrito, first-person singular preterite irrité, past participle irritado)

1. to irritate
2. to excite

Conjugation

    Conjugation of irritar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			irritar
gerund			irritando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		irritado		irritada
		plural		irritados		irritadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	irrito	irritastú irritásvos	irrita	irritamos	irritáis	irritan
	imperfect	irritaba	irritabas	irritaba	irritábamos	irritabais	irritaban
	preterite	irrité	irritaste	irritó	irritamos	irritasteis	irritaron
	future	irritaré	irritarás	irritará	irritaremos	irritaréis	irritarán
	conditional	irritaría	irritarías	irritaría	irritaríamos	irritaríais	irritarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	irrite	irritestú irritésvos2	irrite	irritemos	irritéis	irriten
	imperfect (ra)	irritara	irritaras	irritara	irritáramos	irritarais	irritaran
	imperfect (se)	irritase	irritases	irritase	irritásemos	irritaseis	irritasen
	future1	irritare	irritares	irritare	irritáremos	irritareis	irritaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		irritatú irritávos	irrite	irritemos	irritad	irriten
	negative		no irrites	no irrite	no irritemos	no irritéis	no irriten

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of irritar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive irritar	dative	irritarme	irritarte	irritarle, irritarse	irritarnos	irritaros	irritarles, irritarse
	accusative	irritarme	irritarte	irritarlo, irritarla, irritarse	irritarnos	irritaros	irritarlos, irritarlas, irritarse
with gerund irritando	dative	irritándome	irritándote	irritándole, irritándose	irritándonos	irritándoos	irritándoles, irritándose
	accusative	irritándome	irritándote	irritándolo, irritándola, irritándose	irritándonos	irritándoos	irritándolos, irritándolas, irritándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative irrita	dative	irrítame	irrítate	irrítale	irrítanos	not used	irrítales
	accusative	irrítame	irrítate	irrítalo, irrítala	irrítanos	not used	irrítalos, irrítalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative irritá	dative	irritame	irritate	irritale	irritanos	not used	irritales
	accusative	irritame	irritate	irritalo, irritala	irritanos	not used	irritalos, irritalas
with formal second-person singular imperative irrite	dative	irríteme	not used	irrítele, irrítese	irrítenos	not used	irríteles
	accusative	irríteme	not used	irrítelo, irrítela, irrítese	irrítenos	not used	irrítelos, irrítelas
with first-person plural imperative irritemos	dative	not used	irritémoste	irritémosle	irritémonos	irritémoos	irritémosles
	accusative	not used	irritémoste	irritémoslo, irritémosla	irritémonos	irritémoos	irritémoslos, irritémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative irritad	dative	irritadme	not used	irritadle	irritadnos	irritaos	irritadles
	accusative	irritadme	not used	irritadlo, irritadla	irritadnos	irritaos	irritadlos, irritadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative irriten	dative	irrítenme	not used	irrítenle	irrítennos	not used	irrítenles, irrítense
	accusative	irrítenme	not used	irrítenlo, irrítenla	irrítennos	not used	irrítenlos, irrítenlas, irrítense

Related terms

• irritación
• irritante

Further reading

• “irritar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025