kerajaan
Brunei Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From ke- + raja + -an. Either cognate with or derived from Malay kerajaan
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kerajaan
- government of a country or state
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Affixed ke- + raja + -an, from Malay kerajaan, from Classical Malay kerajaan (“royal, become king”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kêrajaan (first-person possessive kerajaanku, second-person possessive kerajaanmu, third-person possessive kerajaannya)
Synonyms[edit]
- (nation having monarch as supreme ruler) monarki
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
kêrajaan
- (obsolete) to become a king
- Jika ia kerajaan, tiada akan sempurna negeri ini. ― If he becomes a king, this nation will never be perfect.
Usage notes[edit]
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay kerajaan.
See also[edit]
- kesultanan (“sultanate”), kekhalifahan (“caliphate”), kekaisaran (“empire”)
Further reading[edit]
- “kerajaan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
kerajaan (Jawi spelling کراجاءن, plural kerajaan-kerajaan, informal 1st possessive kerajaanku, impolite 2nd possessive kerajaanmu, 3rd possessive kerajaannya)
- (Brunei, Malaysia) government (an organisation which has the power to enact and legislate laws within its area of jurisdiction)
- Synonym: pemerintah
- kingdom
Usage notes[edit]
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian kerajaan.
- The government sense prevail in Malaysia and Brunei due to monarchic government.
- In Singapore, foreign government can be referred as either kerajaan or pemerintah. However, Singaporean government always referred as pemerintah, which has no monarchic connotations.
- In Indonesia, kerajaan has sense of kingdom only. Government always translated as pemerintah, which has no monarchic connotations.
Descendants[edit]
- Indonesian: kerajaan
Further reading[edit]
- “kerajaan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
- Malay words circumfixed with ke- -an
- Brunei Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Brunei Malay lemmas
- Brunei Malay nouns
- Indonesian words circumfixed with ke- -an
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
- id:Taxonomy
- Indonesian terms with obsolete senses
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian terms with usage examples
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Bruneian Malay
- Malaysian Malay