kultura

See also: kultūra, kultūrā, kultūrą, and kultúra

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cultura.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

kultura inan

1. culture

   euskal kultura ― Basque culture

2. refinement, culture

Czech

Etymology

Derived from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”), from colō (“to till, cultivate”) + -tūra, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Related to colōnus and colōnia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkultura]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

kultura f

1. arts
2. culture (arts, customs and habits)
3. (microbiology) culture

Declension

Declension of kultura (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	kultura	kultury
genitive	kultury	kultur
dative	kultuře	kulturám
accusative	kulturu	kultury
vocative	kulturo	kultury
locative	kultuře	kulturách
instrumental	kulturou	kulturami

Derived terms

• kulturní

Related terms

• kult m
• kultivovat

Further reading

• “kultura”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “kultura”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “kultura”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kulˈtura/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Adjective

kultura (accusative singular kulturan, plural kulturaj, accusative plural kulturajn)

1. cultural (relating to culture)
2. cultured (civilized, refined)

Further reading

• “kultura”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “kultura”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Gagauz

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin cultūra.

Noun

kultura

1. culture
   • 2026, “Gagauz kulturası hem kultura zaametçilerin Günü”, in Ana Sözü‎^[3]:

     Bu kulturayı yaradan bütün gagauz halkını hem Gagauziyanın hepsi kultura zaametçilerini bu yortulu Günnän kutlêêrız.

Ladino

Alternative forms

• cultura

Etymology

Derived from Latin cultūra (“culture”) (compare Spanish cultura), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“to till, cultivate”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Spain):

  (file)

Noun

kultura f (Hebrew spelling קולטורה)

1. culture

   kultura djudia ― Jewish culture

Related terms

• kultural / kulturalo

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian cultura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kulˈtuː.ra/
• Rhymes: -uːra

Noun

kultura f (plural kulturi)

1. culture

   il-kultura Maltija ― Maltese culture

Related terms

• inkolt
• inkulturalment
• kkultura
• kolt
• kulturali
• kulturalment
• multikulturali
• multikulturaliżmu

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *kʷélh₁eti

Proto-Italic *kʷelō

Latin colō

Proto-Indo-European *-tew-?

Proto-Indo-European *-r-eh₂?

Latin -tūra

Latin cultūrader.

Polish kultura

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Kultur or French culture, ultimately from Latin cultūra. First attested in 1732.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kulˈtu.ra/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /kulˈtu.ra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura f (diminutive kulturka, related adjective kulturowy, abbreviation kult.)

1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
2. (countable) culture (the beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life)
3. (uncountable) skill level (level of knowledge or ability in a given field)
4. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

   Synonyms: obycie, ogłada, okrzesanie

5. (countable, microbiology) culture (the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium)
6. (countable, botany, agriculture) culture (cultivation)
7. (countable, agriculture) crops grown on a large field
8. (agriculture) culture (structure of arable soil achieved as a result of agrotechnical treatments and rational management; also: these treatments and farming)

Declension

Declension of kultura

	singular	plural
nominative	kultura	kultury
genitive	kultury	kultur
dative	kulturze	kulturom
accusative	kulturę	kultury
instrumental	kulturą	kulturami
locative	kulturze	kulturach
vocative	kulturo	kultury

Derived terms

adjective

• kulturalny

nouns

• agrokultura
• akwakultura
• antropolog kultury
• kultura fizyczna
• kultura masowa

Related terms

adjective

• akulturacyjny

adverb

• kulturowo

nouns

• akulturacja
• kulturowość

Descendants

• Kashubian: kùltura
• Silesian: kultura

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), kultura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 55 times in news, 130 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 224 times, making it the 246th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Further reading

• “kultura”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “kultura”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[5] (in Polish)
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 628

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Latin cultūra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kultǔːra/
• Hyphenation: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultúra f (Cyrillic spelling култу́ра)

1. culture
2. manners
3. civility

Declension

Declension of kultura

	singular	plural
nominative	kultura	kulture
genitive	kulture	kultura
dative	kulturi	kulturama
accusative	kulturu	kulture
vocative	kulturo	kulture
locative	kulturi	kulturama
instrumental	kulturom	kulturama

References

• “kultura”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Silesian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *kʷélh₁eti

Proto-Italic *kʷelō

Latin colō

Proto-Indo-European *-tew-?

Proto-Indo-European *-r-eh₂?

Latin -tūra

Latin cultūrader.

Polish kulturabor.

Silesian kultura

Borrowed from Polish kultura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kulˈtu.ra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura f

1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
2. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

Declension

Declension of kultura

	singular	plural
nominative	kultura	kultury
genitive	kultury	kultur
dative	kulturze	kultury
accusative	kulturã	kulturōm
instrumental	kulturōm	kulturami/kulturōma
locative	kulturze	kulturach
vocative	kulturo	kultury

Derived terms

nouns

• kulturologijŏ
• kulturystyka

Related terms

adjective

• kulturologiczny

adverb

• kulturologicznie

noun

• kulturalizm

Further reading

• kultura in silling.org

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cultura (“culture”), from Latin cultūra, from colō (“to till, cultivate”) + -tūra.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /kulˈtuɾa/ [k̠ʊlˈt̪uː.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -uɾa
• Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

1. culture

   Synonym: kalinangan

2. civilization

   Synonyms: kabihasnan, sibilisasyon

Related terms

• abikultura
• agrikultor
• agrikultura
• agrikultural
• agwa-kolonya
• akulturasyon
• akwakultura
• apikultura
• kolonisa
• kolonisado
• kolonisador
• kolonisasyon
• kolonya
• kolonyado
• kolonyal
• kolonyalismo
• kontrakultura
• kultibado
• kultibador
• kultibasyon
• kulto
• kultural
• plorikultura
• puwerikultura
• subkultura

See also

• kabihasnan
• kagawian
• karaniwan
• kaugalian

References

• “kultura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018