peccatum

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ped-

Proto-Indo-European *-ko-

Proto-Indo-European *pedko-

Proto-Indo-European *pet-

Proto-Indo-European *-ko-

Proto-Indo-European *petko-

Proto-Italic *petko-?

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Proto-Italic *petkāō

Latin peccō

▲

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos

Proto-Italic *-ātos

Latin -ātusnom.

Latin -ātum

Latin peccātum

From peccō (“to offend, sin”) + -ātum.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [pɛkˈkaː.tũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [pekˈkaː.tum]

Noun

peccātum n (genitive peccātī); second declension

1. sin, error, fault

   Synonyms: dēlīctum, scelus, vitium, noxa, crīmen, culpa, error, dēlinquentia, facinus, malum, iniūria, maleficium

   Antonyms: bonum, rēctum, virtūs

   • Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 8:34:

     Omnis quī facit peccātum servus est peccātī.

     Everyone who does sin is a slave of sin.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	peccātum	peccāta
genitive	peccātī	peccātōrum
dative	peccātō	peccātīs
accusative	peccātum	peccāta
ablative	peccātō	peccātīs
vocative	peccātum	peccāta

Related terms

• peccāmen
• peccāns
• peccanter
• peccantia
• peccātēla
• peccātiō
• peccātor
• peccātōrius
• peccātrīx
• peccātum orīgināle
• peccātus
• peccō

Descendants

• African Romance:
  • → Proto-Berber:
    • Ghadames: abekkaḍ
    • Medieval Tashelhit: اَبْكَّضُ (abekkaḍu)
      • Tashelhit: abkkaḍu, abkkaḍ, abkkiḍ
    • Nefusa: abkkaḍu
    • Tuareg: abăkkaḍ
    • Zenaga: äväkkaḍi
• Aromanian: picat, mãcat
• Asturian: pecáu
• → Basque: bekatu
• Catalan: pecat
• Old French: pechié
  • Middle French: peché
    • French: péché
  • Norman: péché
• Friulian: pecjât, pečhât
• Galician: pecado
• Istro-Romanian: pecåt
• Italian: peccato
• Neapolitan: peccato
• Occitan: pecat
• Portuguese: pecado
  • Kadiwéu: pecaado
  • Sranan Tongo: pikadu
• Romanian: păcat
• Romansh: putgà, puchà, puccau
• Sardinian: pecadu, pecau
• Sicilian: piccatu
• Spanish: pecado
• Venetan: pecà
• → Albanian: mëkat
• → Proto-Brythonic: *pexọd (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Irish: peccad (see there for further descendants)

References

• “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "peccatum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “peccatum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti