peccatum

Latin

Etymology

From peccō (“offend, sin”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pekˈkaː.tum/, [pɛkˈkäːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pekˈka.tum/, [pekˈkäːt̪um]

Noun

peccātum n (genitive peccātī); second declension

1. sin, error, fault

   Synonyms: dēlictum, scelus, vitium, noxa, crīmen, culpa, error, dēlinquentia, facinus, malum, iniūria, maleficium

   Antonyms: bonum, rēctum, virtūs

   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Ioannes 8:34

     Omnis quī facit peccātum servus est peccātī.

     Everyone who does sin is a slave of sin.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	peccātum	peccāta
Genitive	peccātī	peccātōrum
Dative	peccātō	peccātīs
Accusative	peccātum	peccāta
Ablative	peccātō	peccātīs
Vocative	peccātum	peccāta

Related terms

• peccanter
• peccantia
• peccāmen
• peccāns
• peccātiō
• peccātor
• peccātrīx
• peccātus
• peccātēla
• peccātōrius
• peccō

 

Descendants

• Aromanian: picat
• Asturian: pecáu
• Catalan: pecat
• Old French: pechié
  • Middle French: peché
    • French: péché
  • Norman: péché
• Friulian: pecjât, pečhât
• Galician: pecado
• Istro-Romanian: pecåt
• Italian: peccato
• Neapolitan: peccato
• Occitan: pecat
• Portuguese: pecado
• Romanian: păcat
• Romansch: putgà, puchà, puccau
• Sardinian: pecadu, pecau
• Sicilian: piccatu
• Spanish: pecado
• Venetian: pecà
• →⇒ Albanian: mëkat
• → Proto-Berber:
  • Tashelhit: abukaḍ
  • Tuareg: abekkaḍ
• → Proto-Brythonic: *pexọd (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Irish: peccad (see there for further descendants)

References

• “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “peccatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• peccatum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• peccatum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti