malum

English

Etymology

From Latin malum

Pronunciation

• enPR: mälʹəm, IPA^(key): /ˈmæl.əm/

Noun

malum ‎(plural malums)

1. an evil or wrongdoing.

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Latin

Etymology 1

From malus ‎(“evil, wicked”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈma.lum/, [ˈma.lũ]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Adjective

malum

1. nominative neuter singular of malus
2. accusative masculine singular of malus
3. accusative neuter singular of malus
4. vocative neuter singular of malus

Noun

malum n ‎(genitive malī); second declension

1. an evil, misfortune, calamity
2. harm, injury

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	malum	mala
genitive	malī	malōrum
dative	malō	malīs
accusative	malum	mala
ablative	malō	malīs
vocative	malum	mala

Descendants

• French: mal

Interjection

malum!

1. damn!, fuck!, alas!, misery!
   • c. 254 BCE – 184 BCE, Plautus, Menaechmi 2.3.389.390

     Erotium: Certo, tibi et parasito tuo.
     Sosicles: Quoi, malum, parasito? Certo haec mulier non sana est satis.

     Certainly you did, for yourself and your parasite."
     "For whom? Fuck, parasite? Surely this woman isn't quite right in her senses.

Related terms

• malē
• malus

Etymology 2

mālum (an apple)

From Ancient Greek μῆλον ‎(mêlon, “tree, fruit”), specifically μᾶλον ‎(mâlon) (Doric, Aeolic).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmaː.lum/, [ˈmaː.lũ]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Noun

mālum n ‎(genitive mālī); second declension

1. apple (fruit)
2. the plant Aristolochia

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	mālum	māla
genitive	mālī	mālōrum
dative	mālō	mālīs
accusative	mālum	māla
ablative	mālō	mālīs
vocative	mālum	māla

Derived terms

• mālum discordiae

Related terms

• mālus

Descendants

• Albanian: mollë
• Aromanian: meru
• Friulian: mêl, miluç
• Italian: mela

• Neapolitan: mìlo, méla
• Romanian: măr
• Romansch: mail
• Spanish mela

References

• malum in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• malum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• MALUM in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• malum in Félix Gaffiot (1934), Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
• Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
    
  • (ambiguous) to deserve ill of a person; to treat badly: male mereri de aliquo
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bene, male audire (ab aliquo)
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
    
  • (ambiguous) to inculcate good (bad) principles: bene (male) praecipere alicui
    
  • (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
    
  • (ambiguous) my mind forebodes misfortune: animus praesāgit malum
    
  • (ambiguous) my mind forebodes misfortune: animo praesagio malum
    
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
    
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: animus male sibi conscius
    
  • (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
    
  • (ambiguous) a moral (immoral) man: homo bene (male) moratus
    
  • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
    
  • (ambiguous) to manage one's affairs, household, property well or ill: rem bene (male) gerere (vid. sect. XVI. 10a)
    
  • (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
    
  • (ambiguous) to buy dearly: magno or male emere
    
  • (ambiguous) to win, lose a fight (of the commander): rem (bene, male) gerere (vid. sect. XII. 2, note rem gerere...)
    
  • (ambiguous) I am sorry to hear..: male (opp. bene) narras (de)