pretium
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *pretjom, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front”) perhaps in the meaning of “equivalence, recompense, compensation”. Compare Proto-Slavic *protivъ (“contrary, against”), Ancient Greek πρός (prós) from older προτί (protí, “in the direction of, towards, near”), Sanskrit प्रति (prati, “towards, near; against”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpre.ti.um/, [ˈprɛt̪iʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpret.t͡si.um/, [ˈprɛt̪ː͡s̪ium]
Noun
[edit]pretium n (genitive pretiī or pretī); second declension
- worth, price, value, cost
- pay, hire, wage
- Synonyms: praemium, stīpendium, commodum, mercēs
- reward
- ransom
- bribe
- Synonym: praemium
- punishment
- Synonyms: pūnītiō, sānctiō, poena, supplicium, exemplum, vindicātiō, vindicta, animadversus, malum, mercēs
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | pretium | pretia |
Genitive | pretiī pretī1 |
pretiōrum |
Dative | pretiō | pretiīs |
Accusative | pretium | pretia |
Ablative | pretiō | pretiīs |
Vocative | pretium | pretia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Balkan Romance:
- Italo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Old Sardinian: prethu
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
- → Spanish: precio (semi-learned) (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/ˈprɛti-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pretium”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488
Further reading
[edit]- “pretium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pretium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pretium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pretium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- it is worth while: operae pretium est (c. Inf.)
- to fix a price for a thing: pretium alicui rei statuere, constituere (Att. 13. 22)
- (ambiguous) to buy cheaply: parvo, vili pretio or bene emere
- (ambiguous) to restore prisoners without ransom: captivos sine pretio reddere
- it is worth while: operae pretium est (c. Inf.)
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the second declension
- Latin neuter nouns
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook