restringir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin restringere (“to bind back; to restrain”), with normal change of conjugation to -ir. Doublet of the inherited restrènyer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [rəs.tɾiɲˈʒi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [res.tɾiɲˈd͡ʒiɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [res.tɾiɲˈʒi]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

restringir (first-person singular present restringeixo, first-person singular preterite restringí, past participle restringit)

1. to restrict

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of restringir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			restringir
gerund			restringint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		restringit		restringida
		plural		restringits		restringides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	restringeixo	restringeixes	restringeix	restringim	restringiu	restringeixen
	imperfect	restringia	restringies	restringia	restringíem	restringíeu	restringien
	future	restringiré	restringiràs	restringirà	restringirem	restringireu	restringiran
	preterite	restringí	restringires	restringí	restringírem	restringíreu	restringiren
	conditional	restringiria	restringiries	restringiria	restringiríem	restringiríeu	restringirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	restringeixi	restringeixis	restringeixi	restringim	restringiu	restringeixin
	imperfect	restringís	restringissis	restringís	restringíssim	restringíssiu	restringissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	restringeix	restringeixi	restringim	restringiu	restringeixin
	negative (no)	—	no restringeixis	no restringeixi	no restringim	no restringiu	no restringeixin

Related terms

• restricció
• restrictiu

Further reading

• “restringir”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Galician

Verb

restringir (first-person singular present restrinjo, first-person singular preterite restringim or restringi, past participle restringido, reintegrationist norm)

1. reintegrationist spelling of restrinxir

Conjugation

    Reintegrated conjugation of restringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	restringir
Personal	restringir	restringires	restringir	restringirmos	restringirdes	restringirem
Gerund
	restringindo
Past participle
Masculine	restringido			restringidos
Feminine	restringida			restringidas
Indicative
Present	restrinjo	restringes	restringe	restringimos	restringides, restringis	restringem
Imperfect	restringia	restringias	restringia	restringíamos	restringíades, restringíeis, restringíais1	restringiam
Preterite	restringim, restringi	restringiste, restringiche1	restringiu	restringimos	restringistes	restringírom, restringiram
Pluperfect	restringira	restringiras	restringira	restringíramos	restringírades, restringíreis, restringírais1	restringiram
Future	restringirei	restringirás	restringirá	restringiremos	restringiredes, restringireis	restringirám, restringirão
Conditional	restringiria	restringirias	restringiria	restringiríamos	restringiríades, restringiríeis, restringiríais1	restringiriam
Subjunctive
Present	restrinja	restrinjas	restrinja	restrinjamos	restrinjades, restrinjais	restrinjam
Imperfect	restringisse	restringisses	restringisse	restringíssemos	restringíssedes, restringísseis	restringissem
Future	restringir	restringires	restringir	restringirmos	restringirdes	restringirem
Imperative
Affirmative		restringe	restrinja	restrinjamos	restringide, restringi	restrinjam
Negative (nom)		nom restrinjas	nom restrinja	nom restrinjamos	nom restrinjades, nom restrinjais	nom restrinjam

¹Less recommended.

Further reading

• “restringir”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin restringere (“to bind back; to restrain”), from re- + stringō (“to press; to tighten”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɾ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁeʃ.tɾĩˈʒi(ʁ)/ [χeʃ.tɾĩˈʒi(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʁes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɻ)/ [hes.tɾĩˈʒi(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.tɾĩˈʒiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.tɾĩˈʒiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.tɾĩˈʒi.ɾi/

• Homophone: restringi (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: res‧trin‧gir

Verb

restringir (first-person singular present restrinjo, first-person singular preterite restringi, past participle restringido)

1. to restrict; to restrain; to limit

   Synonym: limitar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of restringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	restringir
Personal	restringir	restringires	restringir	restringirmos	restringirdes	restringirem
Gerund
	restringindo
Past participle
Masculine	restringido			restringidos
Feminine	restringida			restringidas
Indicative
Present	restrinjo	restringes	restringe	restringimos	restringis	restringem
Imperfect	restringia	restringias	restringia	restringíamos	restringíeis	restringiam
Preterite	restringi	restringiste	restringiu	restringimos	restringistes	restringiram
Pluperfect	restringira	restringiras	restringira	restringíramos	restringíreis	restringiram
Future	restringirei	restringirás	restringirá	restringiremos	restringireis	restringirão
Conditional	restringiria	restringirias	restringiria	restringiríamos	restringiríeis	restringiriam
Subjunctive
Present	restrinja	restrinjas	restrinja	restrinjamos	restrinjais	restrinjam
Imperfect	restringisse	restringisses	restringisse	restringíssemos	restringísseis	restringissem
Future	restringir	restringires	restringir	restringirmos	restringirdes	restringirem
Imperative
Affirmative		restringe	restrinja	restrinjamos	restringi	restrinjam
Negative (não)		não restrinjas	não restrinja	não restrinjamos	não restrinjais	não restrinjam

Related terms

• estringir
• restrição
• restricionista
• restringência
• restringenda
• restringente
• restringido
• restringimento
• restringível
• restritamente
• restritiva
• restritivamente
• restritivo
• restrito
• restritor

Descendants

• → Hunsrik: rëstrinschiere

Further reading

• “restringir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “restringir” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “restringir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Italic *wre-

Latin re-

Proto-Indo-European *streyg-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-

Proto-Indo-European *-ti

Proto-Indo-European *strinégti

Proto-Italic *stringō

Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *stréngʰeti

Proto-Italic *strengō

Latin stringō

Latin restringerelbor.

Spanish restringir

Learned borrowing from Latin restringere (“to bind back; to restrain”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /restɾinˈxiɾ/ [res.t̪ɾĩŋˈxiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: res‧trin‧gir

Verb

restringir (first-person singular present restrinjo, first-person singular preterite restringí, past participle restringido)

1. to restrict, to curtail

   Synonym: limitar

2. to constrain

   Synonym: constreñir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of restringir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			restringir
gerund			restringiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		restringido		restringida
		plural		restringidos		restringidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	restrinjo	restringestú restringísvos	restringe	restringimos	restringís	restringen
	imperfect	restringía	restringías	restringía	restringíamos	restringíais	restringían
	preterite	restringí	restringiste	restringió	restringimos	restringisteis	restringieron
	future	restringiré	restringirás	restringirá	restringiremos	restringiréis	restringirán
	conditional	restringiría	restringirías	restringiría	restringiríamos	restringiríais	restringirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	restrinja	restrinjastú restrinjásvos2	restrinja	restrinjamos	restrinjáis	restrinjan
	imperfect (ra)	restringiera	restringieras	restringiera	restringiéramos	restringierais	restringieran
	imperfect (se)	restringiese	restringieses	restringiese	restringiésemos	restringieseis	restringiesen
	future1	restringiere	restringieres	restringiere	restringiéremos	restringiereis	restringieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		restringetú restringívos	restrinja	restrinjamos	restringid	restrinjan
	negative		no restrinjas	no restrinja	no restrinjamos	no restrinjáis	no restrinjan

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of restringir (g-j alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive restringir	dative	restringirme	restringirte	restringirle, restringirse	restringirnos	restringiros	restringirles, restringirse
	accusative	restringirme	restringirte	restringirlo, restringirla, restringirse	restringirnos	restringiros	restringirlos, restringirlas, restringirse
with gerund restringiendo	dative	restringiéndome	restringiéndote	restringiéndole, restringiéndose	restringiéndonos	restringiéndoos	restringiéndoles, restringiéndose
	accusative	restringiéndome	restringiéndote	restringiéndolo, restringiéndola, restringiéndose	restringiéndonos	restringiéndoos	restringiéndolos, restringiéndolas, restringiéndose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative restringe	dative	restríngeme	restríngete	restríngele	restríngenos	not used	restríngeles
	accusative	restríngeme	restríngete	restríngelo, restríngela	restríngenos	not used	restríngelos, restríngelas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative restringí	dative	restringime	restringite	restringile	restringinos	not used	restringiles
	accusative	restringime	restringite	restringilo, restringila	restringinos	not used	restringilos, restringilas
with formal second-person singular imperative restrinja	dative	restrínjame	not used	restrínjale, restrínjase	restrínjanos	not used	restrínjales
	accusative	restrínjame	not used	restrínjalo, restrínjala, restrínjase	restrínjanos	not used	restrínjalos, restrínjalas
with first-person plural imperative restrinjamos	dative	not used	restrinjámoste	restrinjámosle	restrinjámonos	restrinjámoos	restrinjámosles
	accusative	not used	restrinjámoste	restrinjámoslo, restrinjámosla	restrinjámonos	restrinjámoos	restrinjámoslos, restrinjámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative restringid	dative	restringidme	not used	restringidle	restringidnos	restringíos	restringidles
	accusative	restringidme	not used	restringidlo, restringidla	restringidnos	restringíos	restringidlos, restringidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative restrinjan	dative	restrínjanme	not used	restrínjanle	restrínjannos	not used	restrínjanles, restrínjanse
	accusative	restrínjanme	not used	restrínjanlo, restrínjanla	restrínjannos	not used	restrínjanlos, restrínjanlas, restrínjanse

Related terms

• estreñir
• restricción
• restrictivo
• restringido

Further reading

• “restringir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025