rupture

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French rupture, or its source, Latin ruptūra (“a breaking, rupture (of a limb or vein)”) and Medieval Latin ruptūra (“a road, a field, a form of feudal tenure, a tax, etc.”), from the participle stem of rumpere (“to break, burst”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈɹʌptʃə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

rupture (countable and uncountable, plural ruptures)

1. A burst, split, or break.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     Hatch from the egg, that soon, / Bursting with kindly rupture, forth disclosed / Their callow young.

2. A social breach or break, between individuals or groups.
   • 1825, Edward Everett, Claims of the United States on Naples and Holland:

     He knew that policy would disincline Napoleon from a rupture with his family.

   • 1761, The Modern Part of an Universal History:

     Thus a war was kindled with Lubec; Denmark took part with the king's enemies, and made use of a frivolous pretence, which demonstrated the inclination of his Danish majesty to come to a rupture.

3. (medicine) A break or tear in soft tissue, such as a muscle.
4. (engineering) A failure mode in which a tough ductile material pulls apart rather than cracking.

Derived terms

• macrorupture
• microrupture
• modulus of rupture
• nonrupture
• ruptureless
• rupture of membranes
• rupturewort
• rupturist

Translations

burst or split

• Bulgarian: скъсване (bg) n (skǎsvane), разкъсване (bg) n (razkǎsvane)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 破裂 (zh) (pòliè)

• Czech: prasklina (cs) f, prasknutí n
• Finnish: puhkeaminen (fi) (burst); halkeama (fi) (split), katkeaminen (fi) (break)
• French: rupture (fr) f
• German: Bruch (de) m
• Hindi: दरार (hi) f (darār)
• Italian: rottura (it)
• Japanese: 破裂 (ja) (はれつ, haretsu)
• Korean: 터짐 (teojim)
• Latin: ruptura
• Macedonian: пр́скање n (pŕskanje), пу́кање n (púkanje)
• Portuguese: rotura (pt) f, ruptura (pt) f (Brazil), rutura f (Portugal)
• Romanian: ruptură (ro)
• Russian: разры́в (ru) m (razrýv)
• Spanish: rotura (es)
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: فتق (fıtık), چاك (çâk)

social break

• Bulgarian: разрив (bg) m (razriv)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 斷交 / 断交 (zh) (duànjiāo)

• Czech: rozkol m, roztržka (cs) f
• Finnish: välirikko (fi)
• German: Bruch (de) m
• Korean: 결렬 (ko) (gyeollyeol)
• Macedonian: пре́кин m (prékin), прекину́вање n (prekinúvanje), раскину́вање n (raskinúvanje)
• Russian: разры́в (ru) m (razrýv)

break in tissue

• Arabic: تَمَزُّق (tamazzuq)
• Bulgarian: херния (bg) f (hernija)
• Czech: přetržení n, prasknutí n, ruptura (cs) f, kýla (cs) f
• Finnish: revähdys (fi)
• German: Riss (de) m
• Greek: κήλη (el) f (kíli)
• Indonesian: ruptur
• Irish: maidhm sheicne f (of the peritoneum)
• Latin: rāmex m, ruptūra f
• Macedonian: хе́рнија f (hérnija)
• Plautdietsch: Bruch m
• Portuguese: ruptura (pt) f

failure mode

• Catalan: ruptura (ca)
• Finnish: venymä (fi)
• German: Zerreißen n
• Italian: rottura (it) f
• Korean: 파단 (padan)
• Russian: разры́в (ru) m (razrýv)

Verb

rupture (third-person singular simple present ruptures, present participle rupturing, simple past and past participle ruptured)

1. (ambitransitive) To burst, break through, or split, as under pressure.
   • 2007 February 18, Jake Mooney, “A Case of the Shivers”, in The New York Times‎^[1], archived from the original on 26 November 2022:

     The cracking sound, he explained, as far as I, a non-plumber, could understand, was the sound of the overworked, undermaintained and weirdly installed heating unit’s core rupturing and spilling water into the basement.

2. (botany, intransitive) To dehisce irregularly.

Derived terms

• rupturable

Translations

to burst, break through, or split, as under pressure

• Bulgarian: спуквам се (spukvam se)
• Czech: prasknout (cs)
• Finnish: puhjeta (fi), haljeta (fi), murtua (fi)
• Latvian: trūkt (lv)
• Macedonian: пу́ка (púka)
• Māori: ngawhewhe
• Portuguese: romper (pt)
• Russian: разрыва́ться (ru) impf (razryvátʹsja), разорва́ться (ru) pf (razorvátʹsja)
• Spanish: romper (es)

See also

• Rupture on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Further reading

• “rupture”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “rupture”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “rupture”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ruptūra. Doublet of roture.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁyp.tyʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -yʁ

Noun

rupture f (plural ruptures)

1. breakup, rupture

Usage notes

This word almost always unambiguously means "breakup" when used absolutely. For other senses, it needs a complement.

Derived terms

• en rupture de ban
• en rupture de stock

Verb

rupture

1. inflection of rupturer:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “rupture”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Latin

Participle

ruptūre

1. vocative masculine singular of ruptūrus