schaven

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsxaːvə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːvən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch schāven, from Old Dutch *skavan, from Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Verb

schaven

1. (transitive) to plane, to grate
2. (transitive) to smooth
3. (intransitive) to rub roughly, over a rough surface

Inflection

Conjugation of schaven (weak)
infinitive	schaven
past singular	schaafde
past participle	geschaafd
infinitive	schaven
gerund	schaven n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	schaaf	schaafde
2nd person sing. (jij)	schaaft, schaaf2	schaafde
2nd person sing. (u)	schaaft	schaafde
2nd person sing. (gij)	schaaft	schaafde
3rd person singular	schaaft	schaafde
plural	schaven	schaafden
subjunctive sing.1	schave	schaafde
subjunctive plur.1	schaven	schaafden
imperative sing.	schaaf
imperative plur.1	schaaft
participles	schavend	geschaafd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• beschaven

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

schaven

1. (deprecated template usage) Plural form of schaaf

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Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon skavan, from Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Verb

schaven (past schaav, past participle schaavt, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. (transitive) to scrape; to scratch; to scour; to chafe
2. (intransitive) to scrape
3. (reflexive) to scrape oneself; to scrub oneself
4. (reflexive, figuratively) to shave oneself

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaven (weak verb)

infinitive	schaven
indicative	present	preterite
1st person singular	schaav	schaav
2nd person singular	schaavs(t)	schaavs(t)
3rd person singular	schaav(t)	schaav
plural	schaavt, schaaven	schaven
imperative	present	—
singular	schaav(e)
plural	schaavt
participle	present	past
	schaven	(e)schaavt, geschaavt
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Derived terms

• afschaven

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

from Old Dutch *scavan, from Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Verb

schāven

1. to plane
2. to scrape
3. to shave
4. to grind, to pulverise

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: schaven
• Limburgish: sjave

Further reading

• “scaven”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “schaven”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• shaven, schave, shave

Etymology

From Old English sċafan, from Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃaːvən/

Verb

schaven

1. To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:
   1. To make sharp or smooth; to hone or whet.
   2. To abrase surgically; to file away.
   3. To rub away or wipe out; to eliminate by abrasion.
2. To razor hair; to use a unpaired blade to cut hair:
   1. To shave; to remove all hair in a given area.
   2. To cut hair closely or fully.
3. To dice or chop off; to eliminate by cutting.

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaven (strong class 6/weak)

infinitive	(to) schaven
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	schave	schof, schaved
2nd person singular	schavest	schof, schaved, *schovest
3rd person singular	schaveþ, schaveth	schof, schaved
plural	schaven	*schove(n), *schavede(n)
subjunctive	present	past
singular	schave	schof, schaved
plural	schaven	*schove(n), *schavede(n)
imperative	present
singular	schave
plural	schaveþ, schaveth
participle	present	past
	schavende, schavinge	(y)schave(n), (y)schaved

Related terms

• schaver
• schavynge
• shave

Descendants

• English: shave
  • Welsh: siafio
• Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff; shaav (through confluence with Norwegian skave)

References

• “shāven (v.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-09.