toper
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]toper (plural topers)
- (now literary) Someone who drinks alcoholic beverages a lot; a drunkard.
- Synonyms: alcoholic, drunkard, tosspot; see also Thesaurus:drunkard
- 1818, John Keats, On Some Skulls in Beauly Abbey, near Inverness:
- A Toper this! He plied his glass / More strictly than he said the Mass, […]
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “The Spouter-Inn”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 16:
- The liquor soon mounted into their heads, as it generally does even with the arrantest topers newly landed from sea, and they began capering about most obstreperously.
- 1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “Narrating how Lieutenant Puddock and Captain Devereux Brewed a Bowl of Punch, and how They Sang and Discoursed Together”, in The House by the Church-yard. […], volume I, London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 304:
- […] Mrs. Irons rebelled in her bed, and refused peremptorily to get up again, to furnish the musical topers with rum and lemons, […]
- 1932, James T. Farrell, chapter 6, in Young Lonigan, →ISBN, section 3, page 156:
- “Well, if you ask me, Barney is a combination of eight ball, mick, and shonicker,” said McArdle, one of the corner topers.
Translations
[edit]drunkard — see drunkard
Anagrams
[edit]French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Onomatopoeic, from top + -er.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]toper
- to agree, consent
- to shake on it
- (climbing) to top out
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of toper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | toper | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | topant /tɔ.pɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | topé /tɔ.pe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tope /tɔp/ |
topes /tɔp/ |
tope /tɔp/ |
topons /tɔ.pɔ̃/ |
topez /tɔ.pe/ |
topent /tɔp/ |
imperfect | topais /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topais /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topait /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topions /tɔ.pjɔ̃/ |
topiez /tɔ.pje/ |
topaient /tɔ.pɛ/ | |
past historic2 | topai /tɔ.pe/ |
topas /tɔ.pa/ |
topa /tɔ.pa/ |
topâmes /tɔ.pam/ |
topâtes /tɔ.pat/ |
topèrent /tɔ.pɛʁ/ | |
future | toperai /tɔ.pʁe/ |
toperas /tɔ.pʁa/ |
topera /tɔ.pʁa/ |
toperons /tɔ.pʁɔ̃/ |
toperez /tɔ.pʁe/ |
toperont /tɔ.pʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | toperais /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperais /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperait /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperions /tɔ.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
toperiez /tɔ.pə.ʁje/ |
toperaient /tɔ.pʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tope /tɔp/ |
topes /tɔp/ |
tope /tɔp/ |
topions /tɔ.pjɔ̃/ |
topiez /tɔ.pje/ |
topent /tɔp/ |
imperfect2 | topasse /tɔ.pas/ |
topasses /tɔ.pas/ |
topât /tɔ.pa/ |
topassions /tɔ.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
topassiez /tɔ.pa.sje/ |
topassent /tɔ.pas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | tope /tɔp/ |
— | topons /tɔ.pɔ̃/ |
topez /tɔ.pe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
[edit]- “toper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norman
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]toper
Categories:
- English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/əʊpə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/əʊpə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English literary terms
- English terms with quotations
- French onomatopoeias
- French terms suffixed with -er
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- fr:Climbing
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- Norman terms derived from English
- Norman terms suffixed with -er
- Norman lemmas
- Norman verbs
- Jersey Norman
- nrf:Drinking