estre

English

Etymology

Old French estre state, plan.

Noun

estre (plural estres)

1. (archaic or obsolete) The indoor layout or plan of a castle.
   • 1954, C. S. Lewis, The Horse and His Boy, page 239

     "And tomorrow, Cor," he added, shalt come over all the castle with me and see the estres and mark all its strength and weakness: for it will be thine to guard when I'm gone."

See also

• estate

References

• estre in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

Anagrams

• ester, reset, Reset, steer, stere, stree, terse, trees

---

French

Alternative forms

• eſtre

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ɛstʁ, /ɛtʁ/

Verb

estre

1. Archaic spelling of être.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of estre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		estre			avoir esté
gerund		en estant			en ayant esté
present participle		estant
past participle		esté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il	nous	vous	ils
simple tenses	present	suis	es	est	sommes	estes	sont
	imperfect	estois	estois	estoit	estions	estiez	estoient
	past historic1	fus	fus	fut	fûmes	fustes	furent
	future	seroi	seras	sera	serons	serez	seront
	conditional	serois	serois	seroit	serions	seriez	seroient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior1	Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il	que nous	que vous	qu’ils
simple tenses	present	sois	sois	soit	soyons	soyez	soient
	imperfect1	fusse	fusses	fust	fussions	fussiez	fussent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect1	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
		—	sois	—	soyons	soyez	—
1literary tenses

Anagrams

• ester, êtres, reste, resté, stère, stéré, terse, tersé

---

Middle French

Etymology

Latin sūm (infinitive: esse) via Old French estre.

Verb

estre

1. to be

Conjugation

   Conjugation of estre

		simple			compound
infinitive		estre			avoir esté
gerund		en estant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		estant
past participle		esté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (may be j' before a vowel)	tu	il	nous	vous	ils, elles
simple tenses	present	suis	es	est	sommes	estes	sont
	imperfect	estoys, estois	estoys, estois	estoyt, estoit	estions	estiez	estoyent, estoient
	past historic	fus	fus	fut	fumes	fustes	furent
	future	seroi	seras	sera	serons	serez	seront
	conditional	seroys, serois	seroys, serois	seroyt, seroit	serions	seriez	seroyent, seroient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que je	que tu	qu'il	que nous	que vous	qu'ils, qu'elles
simple tenses	present	soys, sois	soys, sois	soyt, soit	soyons	soyez	soyent, soient
	imperfect	fusse	fusses	fust	fussions	fussiez	fussent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
		—	soys, sois	—	soyons	soyez	—

Noun

estre m (plural estres)

1. being (creature, entity)

Quotations

• For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.

Descendants

• French: être

---

Old French

Etymology

Latin sūm (infinitive: esse). Compare with ester.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ɛstrə/

Verb

estre

1. to be

Quotations

• For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.

Conjugation

• Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

   Conjugation of estre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		estre			avoir esté
gerund		en estant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		estant
past participle		esté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jeo, jou	tu	il	nos, nous	vos, vous	ils
simple tenses	present	sui	es	est	somes	estes	sont
	imperfect	ere, iere	ies	iert	iens	ierez	ierent
	past historic	fus	fus	fut	fumes	fustes	furent
	future	seroie	seroies	seroie	serons	serez	seront
	conditional	seroie	seroies	seroit	serions	seriez	seroient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jeo, jou	que tu	qu’il	que nos, nous	que vos, vous	qu’ils
simple tenses	present	sois	sois	soit	soions	soiez	soient
	imperfect	fusse	fusses	fust	fussions	fussiez	fussent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos, nous	vos, vous	–
		—	sois	—	soions	soiez	—

Descendants

• French: être
• Middle French: estre