笑う

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
わら
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Alternative forms

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  • (to bloom; to ripen): (less common) 咲う
  • (to make fun of): (less common) 嗤う

Etymology

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Derived from verb 割る (waru, to split, to break, to crack), as imperfect form wara- + auxiliary verb (fu, indicating repetition or ongoing state: modern verb ending u): "to be in the act of cracking up / breaking open".[1]

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「笑う
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
笑う らう [wàráú]
Imperative (命令形) 笑え らえ [wàráé]
Key constructions
Passive 笑われる らわれる [wàráwárérú]
Causative 笑わせる らわせる [wàráwásérú]
Potential 笑える らえる [wàráérú]
Volitional 笑おう らお [wàráóꜜò]
Negative 笑わない らわない [wàráwánáí]
Negative perfective 笑わなかった らわなかった [wàráwánáꜜkàttà]
Formal 笑います らいま [wàráímáꜜsù]
Perfective 笑った らった [wàráttá]
Conjunctive 笑って らって [wàrátté]
Hypothetical conditional 笑えば らえ [wàráéꜜbà]

Verb

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(わら) (warauわらふ (warafu)?intransitive godan (stem (わら) (warai), past (わら)った (waratta))

  1. to spontaneously express joy or amusement by means of the voice or facial expression:
    1. to laugh
    2. to smile
      マイクよく(わら)います
      Maiku wa yoku waraimasu yo ne.
      Mike laughs / smiles a lot, doesn't he.
  2. to split open (as a plant bud), to bloom
    (さくら)(はな)(わら)
    sakura no hana ga warau
    the cherry flowers bloom
  3. to split open from ripening (as fruit or vegetables)
    (くり)(わら)っている時期(じき)
    kuri ga waratte iru jiki
    the season when the chestnuts ripen and split open
  4. (figurative) to bud, become green and verdant, and bloom in spring (as the landscape)
    (やま)()(しき)(わら)
    yama no keshiki ga warau
    the mountain landscape comes alive / quickens / blooms
  5. to come undone (as a stitch or seam)
    ()()(わら)っている
    nuime ga waratte iru
    the seam is coming open
  6. (slang) to become weak and wobbly (as in the knees)
    (ひざ)(わら)
    hiza ga warau
    go wobbly in the knees

(わら) (warauわらふ (warafu)?transitive godan (stem (わら) (warai), past (わら)った (waratta))

  1. to laugh at, to make fun of, to make a fool of
    ジュディ(わたし)(わら)った
    Judi wa watashi o waratta.
    Judy laughed at me / made fun of me / made a fool of me.

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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Idioms

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.