καταλύω

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κατα- (kata-) +‎ λύω (lúō).

Pronunciation

 

Verb

καταλύω (katalúō)

  1. sense: loosen, unbind
    1. (for animals) I unyoke, I unharness
      ἄλλ' εἴπ', ἤ σφωιν καταλύσομεν ὠκέας ἵππους (Homer, Od., 4.28)
      but, tell us, shall we unharness their fast horses?
    2. I take down something hung or someone hanged
      Τῶν ἀπαγχομένων καὶ καταλυομένων͵ μηδέπω δὲ τεθνηκότων ... (Hippocrates, Aphorismoi)
      about those who were hanged and taken down but have not died
  2. sense: destroy
    1. I destroy
      καὶ τὴν ὑμετέραν καταλῦσαι δύναμιν (Isocrates, De bigis, 40.8-9)
      to destroy our (city's) might
    2. I abolish, I do away with
      Αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς δὶς ἤδη τὴν δημοκρατίαν ἐπείδομεν καταλυθεῖσαν καὶ δὶς τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἀπεστερήθημεν (Isocrates, In Lochitem, 10.2-4)
      twice we ourselves have already seen our democracy abolished and twice we have lost our freedom
    3. I deprive someone of their authority
      τοὺς τυράννους καταλύσας͵ καὶ τοὺς βαρβάρους καταπολεμήσας (Plutarchus, Timoleon, 39.5)
      having overthrown the tyrants and fought the barbarians
    4. I put an end to something
      καταλῦσαι τὸν βίον (to die)
  3. I stay somewhere for one night, I find a lodgement
    (Θεμιστοκλῆς) ἀναγκάζεται κατά τι ἄπορον παρὰ Ἄδμητον τὸν Μολοσσῶν βασιλέα ὄντα αὐτῷ οὐ φίλον καταλῦσαι (Thucydides Hist., 1.136)
    (Themistocles) being in a difficult position had to seek shelter from Admetos, the king of Molossi, though the latter was not a friend of his

Inflection

References


Greek

Etymology

Learned, from Ancient Greek καταλύω (katalúō). Morphologically, from κατα- (fully) +‎ λύω (unbind, loosen).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kataˈlio/
  • Hyphenation: κα‧τα‧λύ‧ω

Verb

καταλύω (katalýo) (past κατέλυσα, passive καταλύομαι)

  1. abolish, break down
  2. stay (usually for one night)
  3. (chemistry) catalyse
  4. (religion) break one's fast (resume normal diet after fasting)

Conjugation

Derived terms