без
Belarusian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (in pre-tonal positions) бяз (bjaz), бязь (bjazʹ) — Taraškievica orthography
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez(ъ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]References
[edit]- “без”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
- “без” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Church Slavonic безъ (bezŭ),[1] from Proto-Slavic *bez, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeǵʰs.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]без • (bez)
- without (not having)
References
[edit]- ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “без”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 39
Anagrams
[edit]- без- (bez-)
Karachay-Balkar
[edit]Noun
[edit]без • (bez)
Kazakh
[edit]Alternative scripts | |
---|---|
Arabic | بەز |
Cyrillic | без |
Latin | bez |
Yañalif | ʙez |
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic.
Noun
[edit]без • (bez)
- gland
- ұйқы безі
- ūiqy bezı
- pancreas
Declension
[edit]singular (жекеше) | plural (көпше) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (атау септік) | без (bez) | бездер (bezder) |
genitive (ілік септік) | бездің (bezdıñ) | бездердің (bezderdıñ) |
dative (барыс септік) | безге (bezge) | бездерге (bezderge) |
accusative (табыс септік) | безді (bezdı) | бездерді (bezderdı) |
locative (жатыс септік) | безде (bezde) | бездерде (bezderde) |
ablative (шығыс септік) | безден (bezden) | бездерден (bezderden) |
instrumental (көмектес септік) | безбен (bezben) | бездермен (bezdermen) |
Kyrgyz
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *beŕ.
Noun
[edit]без • (bez) (Arabic spelling بەز)
Macedonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]без • (bez)
Nogai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *beŕ.
Noun
[edit]без • (bez)
References
[edit]- N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “без”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *bez.
Preposition
[edit]без • (bez)
- without
- from СЛОВО НѢКОЕГО КАЛОУГЕРА О ЧЬТЕНИИ КЪНИГЪ:
- Не съставитъ бо сѧ корабль без гвоздии ни правьдьникъ бес почитаниꙗ кънижьнааго.
- Ne sŭstavitŭ bo sę korablĭ bez gvozdii ni pravĭdĭnikŭ bes počitanija kŭnižĭnaago.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- from СЛОВО НѢКОЕГО КАЛОУГЕРА О ЧЬТЕНИИ КЪНИГЪ:
References
[edit]- Бояджиев, Андрей (2016) Старобългарска читанка[1], София
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- безъ (bez) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeǵʰs.
Cognate with Lithuanian bè (“without; besides”), Latvian bez (“without”), Old Prussian bhe (“without”), Sanskrit बहिस् (bahís, “outside”), Persian بی (bi, “without”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [bʲɪs] (before voiceless consonants)
- IPA(key): [bʲɪz] (before voiced consonants and vowels)
- IPA(key): [ˈbʲes] (when stressed before voiceless consonants)
- IPA(key): [ˈbʲez] (when stressed before voiced consonants and vowels)
Audio: (file) - Homophone: бес (bes) (only when stressed)
- Note: без is stressed only in rare cases, e.g., бéз вести, бéз году неделя, бéз толку.
Preposition
[edit]без • (bez) [with genitive or partitive]
Usage notes
[edit]безо (bezo) is used before consonant clusters caused by fleeting vowels (лёд ― ljod ― ice, бе́зо льда ― bézo lʹda ― without ice).
Related terms
[edit]- без- (bez-)
References
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “без”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bez(ъ)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 7
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez. Compare без- and бес-.
Alternative forms
[edit]Preposition
[edit]бѐз (Latin spelling bèz) (+ genitive case)
- without, excluding, not counting
- без сумње ― without a doubt
- остати без нечега ― to lose something, to run out of something, (literally: to stay without something)
- без обзира на.. ― regardless of.., no matter what..is
- без краја и конца ― endlessly, without end
- не без разлога ― not without a reason
- без срца ― heartlessly, without a heart
- без р(иј)ечи ― without a word, speechless
- бити без нечега ― to be lacking in, to be deficient in, to lack (literally: to be without something)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بز (bez), from Arabic بَزّ (bazz). Akin to безистан, безли, бесофра and беспара.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]бе̏з m (Latin spelling bȅz)
- linen, canvas
- (specifically) a type of cotton-made linen or canvas used in Oriental costumes, of several possible forms: ћереће, седелук, kafez or кафез-без, мелез, харир, шејтанбез and харирбез.
Declension
[edit]References
[edit]- “без” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- “без” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- Škaljić, Abdulah (1966) Turcizmi u srpskohrvatskom jeziku, Sarajevo: Svjetlost, page 140
Udi
[edit]Determiner
[edit]без • (bez)
- Alternative form of бези (bezi)
Further reading
[edit]- Gukasjan, Vorošil (1974) “без”, in Удинско-азербайджанско-русский словарь [Udi–Azerbaijani–Russian Dictionary][2], Baku: Academy Press, page 77
Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *bez, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeǵʰs.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]без • (bez) (+ genitive case)
- without (not having)
Further reading
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “без”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
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