сорок

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Russian

Russian cardinal numbers
 <  39 40 41  > 
    Cardinal : со́рок (sórok)
    Ordinal : сороково́й (sorokovój)

Etymology 1

From Old East Slavic сорокъ (sorokŭ, a bunch of 40 sable pelts; forty), displaced четꙑредесѧте (četyredesęte, forty) (< Proto-Slavic *četyre desęte (forty)).

Further etymology is unclear. In the past regarded as borrowed from Byzantine Greek σαράκοντα (sarákonta, 40), but this etymology is problematic for phonetic and semantic reasons. The older meaning is a bunch of sable pelts. May be related to соро́чка (soróčka); compare Old Norse serkr (shirt; 200 furs), archaic Slovak mera (40) from Hungarian mérő (sack).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈsorək]
  • audio:(file)

Numeral

со́рок (sórok)

  1. forty (40)
Declension

Usage notes

сорок (sorok) in the nominative case and accusative case governs the genitive plural of the noun. In other cases, it governs the corresponding plural case of the noun.

Derived terms

Coordinate terms

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сорок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

соро́к (sorókf anim pl

  1. genitive plural of соро́ка (soróka)
  2. accusative plural of соро́ка (soróka)

Ukrainian

Ukrainian cardinal numbers
 <  39 40 41  > 
    Cardinal : сорок (sorok)
    Ordinal : сороко́вий (sorokóvyj)

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old East Slavic сорокъ (sorokŭ, a bunch of 40 sable pelts), cognates include Russian со́рок (sórok) and Belarusian со́рак (sórak); further origin is unknown.

Pronunciation

Numeral

со́рок (sórok)

  1. forty (40)

Declension

Coordinate terms