точка

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃkɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʃkɐ
• Syllabification^(key): точ‧ка

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *tъčьkader.

Russian то́чка (tóčka)bor.

Bulgarian точка

Borrowed from Russian то́чка (tóčka).

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f (relational adjective то́чков, diminutive то́чица)

1. dot, spot
2. (mathematics, sports) point
3. (also figurative) point, place, location

   и́зходна то́чка ― ízhodna tóčka ― starting point

   то́чка на кипе́не ― tóčka na kipéne ― boiling point

4. (figurative) period, full stop (decisive end of something)
5. item (i.e. in a list)

Declension

Declension of то́чка

	singular	plural
indefinite	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
definite	то́чката tóčkata	то́чките tóčkite

Related terms

• то́чен (tóčen, “exact, precise”)
• тъка́ (tăká, “to weave”)
• тъ́кмо (tắkmo, “just”, adverb)

References

• “точка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “точка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ-

Proto-Indo-European *tokʷ-éye-ti

Proto-Balto-Slavic *takeitei

Proto-Slavic *točiti

Old Church Slavonic точити (točiti)

Bulgarian то́ча (tóča)

Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂

Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀder.

Proto-Slavic *-ъka

Old Church Slavonic -ъка (-ŭka)

Proto-Slavic *-ьka

Old Church Slavonic -ька (-ĭka)

Bulgarian -ка (-ka)

Bulgarian точка

From то́ча (tóča) + -ка (-ka).

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f (obsolete)

1. source, spring, spout (point where some flow starts from)

   Synonyms: чу́чур (čúčur), соп (sop)

Declension

Declension of то́чка

	singular	plural
indefinite	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
definite	то́чката tóčkata	то́чките tóčkite

Related terms

• и́зточник (íztočnik, “source”)
• ток (tok, “current”)
• (obsolete) то́чен (tóčen, “sprung”)

References

• Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “то́чка”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 348

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃka]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʃka
• Hyphenation: точ‧ка

Noun

точка • (točka) f

1. point, dot
2. period, full stop
3. item (e.g. in a list)

Declension

Declension of точка

	singular	plural
indefinite	точка (točka)	точки (točki)
definite unspecified	точката (točkata)	точките (točkite)
definite proximal	точкава (točkava)	точкиве (točkive)
definite distal	точкана (točkana)	точкине (točkine)
vocative	точко (točko)	точки (točki)

Verb

точка • (točka) third-singular present, impf (perfective источка)

1. (transitive) to dot

Conjugation

Conjugation of точка (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	точкал (točkal)	—	adjectival participle	точкан (točkan)
feminine	точкала (točkala)	—	adverbial participle	точкајќи (točkajḱi)
neuter	точкало (točkalo)	—	verbal noun	точкање (točkanje)
plural	точкале (točkale)	—	perfect participle	точкано (točkano)
finite forms	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	точкам (točkam)	точкав (točkav)	—	—
2nd singular	точкаш (točkaš)	точкаше (točkaše)	—	точкај (točkaj)
3rd singular	точка (točka)	точкаше (točkaše)	—	—
1st plural	точкаме (točkame)	точкавме (točkavme)	—	—
2nd plural	точкате (točkate)	точкавте (točkavte)	—	точкајте (točkajte)
3rd plural	точкаат (točkaat)	точкаа (točkaa)	—	—
compound tenses
perfect	сум точкал (sum točkal)		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам точкано (imam točkano)		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев точкал (bev točkal)		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав точкано (imav točkano)		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал точкано (sum imal točkano)		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе точкам (ḱe točkam)		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам точкано (ḱe imam točkano)		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе точкав (ḱe točkav)		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав точкано (ḱe imav točkano)		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум точкал (ḱe sum točkal)		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал точкано (ḱe sum imal točkano)		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би точкал (bi točkal)		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал точкано (bi imal točkano)		conditional of има + perfect participle

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Borrowed from Carpathian Rusyn то́чка (tóčka), from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka. Displaced Old Slovak točka (“pin, stopper, tap (usually on a barrel); frame, rim of glasses”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃka]
• Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʃka
• Hyphenation: точ‧ка

Noun

точка (točka) f (diminutive точочка)

1. dot
2. (typography) full stop, period
3. point

   точка патреня ― točka patrenja ― viewpoint

Declension

Declension of точка (točka)

	singular	plural
nominative	точка (točka)	точки (točki)
genitive	точки (točki)	точкох (točkox)
dative	точки (točki)	точком (točkom)
accusative	точку (točku)	точки (točki)
instrumental	точку (točku)	точками (točkami)
locative	точки (točki)	точкох (točkox)
vocative	точко (točko)	точки (točki)

Derived terms

adjectives

• точкасти (točkasti)

nouns

• два точки (dva točki)
• точка и запята (točka i zapjata)

Related terms

adjectives

• точни (točni)

adverbs

• точно (točno)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “точка”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 229
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “dot”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 92
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “period”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 208
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “stop”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 304

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tъčьka. Cognate with Lithuanian tãškas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtot͡ɕkə]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ot͡ɕkə
• Hyphenation: то́ч‧ка

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f inan (genitive то́чки, nominative plural то́чки, genitive plural то́чек, relational adjective то́чечный, diminutive то́чечка)

1. period, dot, full stop
2. point

   то́чка прикоснове́ния ― tóčka prikosnovénija ― point of contact

3. dot, (for Morse code; colloquially dit)
   • (Can we date this quote?), “Мой адрес - Советский Союз”:

     Вы, то́чки-тире́ телегра́фные, ищи́те на стро́йках меня́.

     Vy, tóčki-tirɛ́ telegráfnyje, iščíte na strójkax menjá.

     You, telegraphic dots and dashes, seek me on building sites.

4. pixel

   Synonym: пи́ксель (píkselʹ)

Declension

Declension of то́чка (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
genitive	то́чки tóčki	то́чек tóček
dative	то́чке tóčke	то́чкам tóčkam
accusative	то́чку tóčku	то́чки tóčki
instrumental	то́чкой, то́чкою tóčkoj, tóčkoju	то́чками tóčkami
prepositional	то́чке tóčke	то́чках tóčkax

Derived terms

• когтето́чка (kogtetóčka)
• радиото́чка (radiotóčka)

Related terms

• то́чечный (tóčečnyj)
• то́чно (tóčno)
• то́чность f (tóčnostʹ)
• то́чный (tóčnyj)
• точь (točʹ)
• точь-в-точь (točʹ-v-točʹ)
• уточни́ть pf (utočnítʹ), уточня́ть impf (utočnjátʹ)

• ткать impf (tkatʹ)
• тыкать impf (tykatʹ), ткнуть pf (tknutʹ)
• тычинка f (tyčinka)
• тычок m (tyčok)

Descendants

• → Ingrian: tocka
• → Japanese: トーチカ (tōchika)
• → Korean: 토치카 (tochika)
• → Serbo-Croatian: tȍčka/та̏чка
• → Yakut: туочука (tuočuka)

See also

• тире́ (tirɛ́)
• то́чка с запято́й (tóčka s zapjatój)

Interjection

то́чка! • (tóčka!)

1. enough!

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “точка”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
• Kuznetsov, Sergey Alexandrovich (1998), “точка”, in Большой толковый словарь русского языка [Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Norint, →ISBN

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʃkɐ
• Hyphenation: то́ч‧ка

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f inan (genitive то́чки, nominative plural то́чки, genitive plural то́чок)

1. period, dot, full stop
2. point

Declension

Declension of то́чка
(inan hard fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčky
genitive	то́чки tóčky	то́чок tóčok
dative	то́чці tóčci	то́чкам tóčkam
accusative	то́чку tóčku	то́чки tóčky
instrumental	то́чкою tóčkoju	то́чками tóčkamy
locative	то́чці tóčci	то́чках tóčkax
vocative	то́чко tóčko	то́чки tóčky

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “точка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka