سلم

See also: س ل م

Arabic

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Semitic *šalām-; from the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Noun

سِلْم or سَلْم • (silm or salm) m or f

1. peace

   إِنْ أَرَدْتَ السِّلْمَ فَتَأَهَّبْ لِلْحَرْبِ.

   ʔin ʔaradta s-silma fataʔahhab lilḥarbi.

   If you want peace, prepare for war.

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْم (silm)‎; سَلْم (salm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi

Antonyms

• حَرْب (ḥarb, “war”)

Adjective

سِلْم or سَلْم • (silm or salm)

1. peaceful

   أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِي.

   ʔana silmun liman sālamanī.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْم (silm)‎; سَلْم (salm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi

Etymology 2

From Aramaic סוּלַם (sulam), with influence from Hebrew סֻלָּם (sullām) – compare against Classical Syriac ܣܒܠܬܐ (sebbelṯā) and Classical Mandaic ࡎࡅࡌࡁࡉࡋࡕࡀ (sumbiltā) – from Akkadian 𒄑𒃴 (^GEŠGALAM /⁠simmiltu⁠/, “stair; stairs; ladder”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sul.lam/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

سُلَّم • (sullam) f or m (plural سَلَالِم (salālim))

1. ladder, stairs

Declension

Declension of noun سُلَّم (sullam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُلَّم sullam	السُّلَّم as-sullam	سُلَّم sullam
Nominative	سُلَّمٌ sullamun	السُّلَّمُ as-sullamu	سُلَّمُ sullamu
Accusative	سُلَّمًا sullaman	السُّلَّمَ as-sullama	سُلَّمَ sullama
Genitive	سُلَّمٍ sullamin	السُّلَّمِ as-sullami	سُلَّمِ sullami
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُلَّمَيْن sullamayn	السُّلَّمَيْن as-sullamayn	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Nominative	سُلَّمَانِ sullamāni	السُّلَّمَانِ as-sullamāni	سُلَّمَا sullamā
Accusative	سُلَّمَيْنِ sullamayni	السُّلَّمَيْنِ as-sullamayni	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Genitive	سُلَّمَيْنِ sullamayni	السُّلَّمَيْنِ as-sullamayni	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَالِم salālim	السَّلَالِم as-salālim	سَلَالِم salālim
Nominative	سَلَالِمُ salālimu	السَّلَالِمُ as-salālimu	سَلَالِمُ salālimu
Accusative	سَلَالِمَ salālima	السَّلَالِمَ as-salālima	سَلَالِمَ salālima
Genitive	سَلَالِمَ salālima	السَّلَالِمِ as-salālimi	سَلَالِمِ salālimi

Derived terms

• سُلَّمَة (sullama, “stair, step”)

References

• “swlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• • Addendum:

Etymology 3

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Verb

1. to be safe, to be well
2. to be free (from); to become free (from), to escape (from)

Etymology 4

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Verb

سَلَّمَ • (sallama) II (non-past يُسَلِّمُ (yusallimu), verbal noun تَسْلِيم (taslīm))

1. (transitive) to surrender
2. to submit to, to be submissive to; to succumb, yield or surrender to
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:65:

     فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا

     falā warabbika lā yuʔminūna ḥattā yuḥakkimūka fīmā šajara baynahum ṯumma lā yajidū fī ʔanfusihim ḥarajan mimmā qaḍayta wayusallimū taslīman

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. to greet (with عَلَى (ʕalā))
4. to make safe, to protect
5. to hand over, to deliver
6. to admit, to concede, to grant (with ب (b))

Related terms

• سَالَمَ (sālama) (verb form III)
• أَسْلَمَ (ʔaslama) (verb form IV)
• تَسَلَّمَ (tasallama) (verb form V)
• تَسَالَمَ (tasālama) (verb form VI)
• اِسْتَلَمَ (istalama) (verb form VIII)
• اِسْتَسْلَمَ (istaslama) (verb form X)

Etymology 5

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Noun

سَلِم • (salim) m (collective, singulative سَلِمَة f (salima)) and plural of variety or alternative collective سِلَام (silām)

2. stones
   • a. 622, لَبيد بن ربيعة [Labīd ibn Rabīʿa], معلقة [Muʻallaqa] ^{الشنكبوتية}, line 4b:

     ١ عَفَتِ الدِّيارُ مَحَلُّهَا فَمُقَامُهَا * بمنًى تأبَّدَ غَوْلُها فَرِجَامُهَا
     ٢ فمَدافعُ الرَّيَّانِ عُرِّيَ رَسْمُهَا * خَلَقًا كما ضَمِنَ الوُحِيَّ سِلاَمُها
     ٣ دِمَنٌ تَجَرَّمَ بَعدَ عَهْدِ أنِيسِهَا * حِجَجٌ خَلَوْنَ حَلالُهَا وحَرَامُهَا
     ٤ رُزِقَتْ مَرابيعَ النُّجُومِ وَصَابَهَا * وَدْقُ الرَّوَاعِدِ جَوْدُهَا فَرِهَامُها
     ٥ مِنْ كلِّ سَارِيَةٍ وغادٍ مُدْجِنٍ * وَعَشِيَّةٍ مُتجاوبٍ إرْزَامُهَا
     ٦ فَعَلا فُرُوعُ الأيْهُقَانِ وَأطْفَلَتْ * بالجَلهَتين ظِبَاؤهَا ونَعَامُهَا

     Effaced are her resting-places where she stayed and settled in Mina: deserted are her camps in Ḡawl and ar-Rijām
     and the torrents of ar-Rayyān: the traces thereof are laid bare and and are torn, as inscribed rocks.
     Campsites have already passed after their period of use; years of war and peace overcome.
     Cast off there fell upon them the rains of spring signs, and there swept sated thunder clouds and drizzling rains
     from every cloud of night, every full one of morn, and those of eve, answering like a hoting squawk,
     and there sprung shoots of arugula, and in the brinks of a valley the goats and antelopes have youngs.

Declension

Declension of noun سَلِم (salim)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِم salim	السَّلِم as-salim	سَلِم salim
Nominative	سَلِمٌ salimun	السَّلِمُ as-salimu	سَلِمُ salimu
Accusative	سَلِمًا saliman	السَّلِمَ as-salima	سَلِمَ salima
Genitive	سَلِمٍ salimin	السَّلِمِ as-salimi	سَلِمِ salimi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَة salima	السَّلِمَة as-salima	سَلِمَة salimat
Nominative	سَلِمَةٌ salimatun	السَّلِمَةُ as-salimatu	سَلِمَةُ salimatu
Accusative	سَلِمَةً salimatan	السَّلِمَةَ as-salimata	سَلِمَةَ salimata
Genitive	سَلِمَةٍ salimatin	السَّلِمَةِ as-salimati	سَلِمَةِ salimati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَتَيْن salimatayn	السَّلِمَتَيْن as-salimatayn	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Nominative	سَلِمَتَانِ salimatāni	السَّلِمَتَانِ as-salimatāni	سَلِمَتَا salimatā
Accusative	سَلِمَتَيْنِ salimatayni	السَّلِمَتَيْنِ as-salimatayni	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Genitive	سَلِمَتَيْنِ salimatayni	السَّلِمَتَيْنِ as-salimatayni	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَات salimāt	السَّلِمَات as-salimāt	سَلِمَات salimāt
Nominative	سَلِمَاتٌ salimātun	السَّلِمَاتُ as-salimātu	سَلِمَاتُ salimātu
Accusative	سَلِمَاتٍ salimātin	السَّلِمَاتِ as-salimāti	سَلِمَاتِ salimāti
Genitive	سَلِمَاتٍ salimātin	السَّلِمَاتِ as-salimāti	سَلِمَاتِ salimāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

Etymology 6

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m (collective, singulative سَلِمَة f (salima), plural أَسْلَام (ʔaslām) or سِلَام (silām))

2. Acacia ehrenbergiana

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَة salama	السَّلَمَة as-salama	سَلَمَة salamat
Nominative	سَلَمَةٌ salamatun	السَّلَمَةُ as-salamatu	سَلَمَةُ salamatu
Accusative	سَلَمَةً salamatan	السَّلَمَةَ as-salamata	سَلَمَةَ salamata
Genitive	سَلَمَةٍ salamatin	السَّلَمَةِ as-salamati	سَلَمَةِ salamati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَتَيْن salamatayn	السَّلَمَتَيْن as-salamatayn	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Nominative	سَلَمَتَانِ salamatāni	السَّلَمَتَانِ as-salamatāni	سَلَمَتَا salamatā
Accusative	سَلَمَتَيْنِ salamatayni	السَّلَمَتَيْنِ as-salamatayni	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Genitive	سَلَمَتَيْنِ salamatayni	السَّلَمَتَيْنِ as-salamatayni	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَات salamāt	السَّلَمَات as-salamāt	سَلَمَات salamāt
Nominative	سَلَمَاتٌ salamātun	السَّلَمَاتُ as-salamātu	سَلَمَاتُ salamātu
Accusative	سَلَمَاتٍ salamātin	السَّلَمَاتِ as-salamāti	سَلَمَاتِ salamāti
Genitive	سَلَمَاتٍ salamātin	السَّلَمَاتِ as-salamāti	سَلَمَاتِ salamāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْلَام‎; سِلَام ʔaslām‎; silām	الْأَسْلَام‎; السِّلَام al-ʔaslām‎; as-silām	أَسْلَام‎; سِلَام ʔaslām‎; silām
Nominative	أَسْلَامٌ‎; سِلَامٌ ʔaslāmun‎; silāmun	الْأَسْلَامُ‎; السِّلَامُ al-ʔaslāmu‎; as-silāmu	أَسْلَامُ‎; سِلَامُ ʔaslāmu‎; silāmu
Accusative	أَسْلَامًا‎; سِلَامًا ʔaslāman‎; silāman	الْأَسْلَامَ‎; السِّلَامَ al-ʔaslāma‎; as-silāma	أَسْلَامَ‎; سِلَامَ ʔaslāma‎; silāma
Genitive	أَسْلَامٍ‎; سِلَامٍ ʔaslāmin‎; silāmin	الْأَسْلَامِ‎; السِّلَامِ al-ʔaslāmi‎; as-silāmi	أَسْلَامِ‎; سِلَامِ ʔaslāmi‎; silāmi

Etymology 7

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m

1. (collective) captives

   Synonym: سَبْي (saby)

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami

Etymology 8

From the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m

1. futures contract, time bargain, forward transaction

   Synonym: سَلَف (salaf)

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami

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Egyptian Arabic

Noun

سلّم • (sillim), pl سلالم (salaalim)

1. stairs

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Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos.

Noun

سلم • (salam)

1. (obsolete) papyrus

Synonyms

• بردی
• لوخ