ب

See also: بـ, پ, ت, ث, and ٮ

ب U+0628, ب ARABIC LETTER BEH ← ا [U+0627] Arabic ة → [U+0629]

ﺏ U+FE8F, ﺏ ARABIC LETTER BEH ISOLATED FORM ← ﺎ [U+FE8E] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺐ → [U+FE90]

ﺐ U+FE90, ﺐ ARABIC LETTER BEH FINAL FORM ← ﺏ [U+FE8F] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺑ → [U+FE91]

ﺑ U+FE91, ﺑ ARABIC LETTER BEH INITIAL FORM ← ﺐ [U+FE90] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺒ → [U+FE92]

ﺒ U+FE92, ﺒ ARABIC LETTER BEH MEDIAL FORM ← ﺑ [U+FE91] Arabic Presentation Forms-B ﺓ → [U+FE93]

Acehnese

Pronunciation

• (Name of letter) IPA^(key): [ba]
• (Phoneme) IPA^(key): [b]

Letter

ب (ba)

1. The second letter of the Acehnese alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: حرف (haraih, harah) (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ ^[edit]

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the Nabataean Aramaic letter 𐢃 (l, “bet”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤁 (l, “bet”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓉐. See also Classical Syriac ܒ (l, “bet”), Hebrew ב (l, “beth”), Ancient Greek β (b), Latin B.

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /baːʔ/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Arabic alphabet, called بَاء (bāʔ) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (ḥurūf) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي ^[edit]

Symbol

ب • (b)

1. The second letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by أ (ʔ) and followed by ج (j).

Noun

ب • (b)

1. abbreviation of باب (bāb, “chapter”)

Etymology 2

Ultimately Proto-Semitic *bV- (“with, in, at, among”) with likely interrelation with Proto-Semitic *bayt- (“site, location; nest, house”); cognates with Ugaritic 𐎁 (b), Aramaic ב־, Classical Syriac ܒ-, Hebrew בְּ־ (bə-), Ge'ez በ (bä) and Egyptian bw.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bi/

Preposition

بِـ • (bi-)

1. denotes an instrument or tool, with, by (a means)

   طَرَقْتُ الْمِسْمَارَ بِمِطْرَقَةٍ

   ṭaraqtu l-mismāra bi-miṭraqatin

   I hit the nail with a hammer

   رَماهُم بِٱلْحِجَارَةِ ― ramāhum bi-l-ḥijārati ― He pelted them with stones.

2. denotes the agent of unaccusative forms

   هُوَ يَتَقَوَّى بِهِ ― huwa yataqawwā bihi ― He is strengthened by it

   Coordinate term: (post-Classical) بِوَاسِطَة (biwāsiṭa, denotes the agent of passive forms)

3. denotes accompaniment

   Coordinate term: مَعَ (maʕa)

   1. with (a component)

      قَهْوةٌ بِٱلْحَلِيبِ ― qahwatun bi-l-ḥalībi ― coffee with milk

   2. with (a quality); in (a state)

      بِسُرُورٍ ― bi-surūrin ― with pleasure

      بِٱمْتِيازٍ ― bi-mtiyāzin ― with success and distinction

4. denotes proximity, with, to, next to, at (touching on, connected with, concerning)

   مَرْبُوطٌ بِشَجَرَةٍ ― marbūṭun bi-šajaratin ― tied to a tree

   لَا عَلاقةَ لَهُ بِٱلْمَوْضُوعِ

   lā ʕalāqata lahu bi-l-mawḍūʕi

   unrelated to the subject

5. denotes inclusion, surrounding, or location, within (a place); in; on; at

   بِٱلْأَرْضِ ― bi-l-ʔarḍi ― on the earth/in or inside the ground

   بِٱلقَرْيةِ ― bi-l-qaryati ― in the village

   بِٱلْمَكْتَبَةِ ― bi-l-maktabati ― at the library

   بِٱلْمَكْتَبِ ― bi-l-maktabi ― at the office/in the desk

   Synonym: فِي (fī)

6. denotes requital, giving or doing in return; for

   اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ بِأَلْفِ رِيَالٍ.

   ištaraytuhu bi-ʔalfi riyālin.

   I bought it for a thousand riyals.

7. marks the predicate of a negative copula

   هُوَ لَيْسَ بِشَاهِدٍ وَلَا بِقَارِئٍ.

   huwa laysa bi-šāhidin wa-lā bi-qāriʔin.

   He is not one who witnessed [it] or read [it].

8. with كَفَى (kafā)

   كَفَى بِصِحَّتِكَ ثَرْوَةً

   kafā biṣiḥḥatika ṯarwatan

   Your health is a sufficient wealth.

9. with exclamation imperative

   أَجْمِلْ بِفَاطِمَةَ مِنْ اِمْرَأةٍ

   ʔajmil bifāṭimata min imraʔatin

   What a beautiful woman Fatima is!

   أَنْعِمْ بِهِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ

   ʔanʕim bihi min ṭaʕāmin

   What delicious food this is!

Inflection

Inflected forms

base form					بِـ (bi-)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		dual	plural
	m	f		m	f
1st person	بِي (bī)		بِنَا (binā)
2nd person	بِكَ (bika)	بِكِ (biki)	بِكُمَا (bikumā)	بِكُمْ (bikum)	بِكُنَّ (bikunna)
3rd person	بِهِ (bihi)	بِهَا (bihā)	بِهِمَا (bihimā)	بِهِمْ (bihim)	بِهِنَّ (bihinna)

Derived terms

• بِمَا (bimā)
• بِمَ (bima)
• بِمَنْ (biman)

Descendants

• Maltese: b’

Balti

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ڗ, ژ, س, ش, ݜ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, کٔ, گ, ل, م, ن, ݨ, ݩ, و, ہ, ھ, ی, ے ^[edit]

Brahui

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Brahui alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ڷ, م, ن, ں, ہ, ھ, ء, و, ی, ے ^[edit]

Burushaski

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The fourth letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ݳ‎, ݴ‎, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, ݼ, خ, څ, د, ڈ, ذ, ڎ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ݽ, ص, ض, ڞ, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, ݣ, گ, ل, م, ن, ں, و, ݸ, ݹ, ہ, ھ, ݷ, ئ, ی, ݵ, ݶ, ے, ݺ, ݻ ^[edit]

Central Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b/, [b]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The third letter of the Central Kurdish alphabet, called با (ba) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: پیت (pît) (script appendix): ئـ, ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ر, ڕ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ع, غ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, گ, ل, ڵ, م, ن, ھ, ہ, و, وو, ۆ, ى, ێ ^[edit]

Chinese

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /p/, [b]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

Egyptian Arabic

Pronunciation 1

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Etymology

From the Ottoman Turkish convention.

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Egyptian Arabic alphabet, called به and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي ^[edit]

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /bi/

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

بـ • (bi-)

1. Used to conjugate present indicative verbs from their subjunctive forms.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Arabic بِـ (bi-).

Preposition

بـ • (bi-)

1. Denotes an instrument or means; with, by

   ضربته بشكوش ― ḍarabito bi-šakūš ― She hit him with a hammer

See also

پ (be be-talat noʔaṭ)

Gujarati

Pronunciation

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Gujarati alphabet, called بے and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ࣇ, م, ن, ݨ, ں, و, ہ, ھ, ء, ی, ے ^[edit]

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ˈbaːʔ/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Hijazi Arabic alphabet, called بَاء and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• پ (pāʔ)

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (ḥurūf) (script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, هـ, و, ي ^[edit]

Etymology 2

Probably from a shortened form of Arabic بَغْيْ (baḡy, “to want”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bi/

Preposition

بِـ • (bi)

2. -ing (prefix indicating the present continuous tense)

   بِيِتْكَلَّم ― biyitkallam ― he is speaking

Etymology 3

From Arabic بِ (bi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bi/

Preposition

بِـ • (bi)

1. with, by (a means)

   بِالْمِطْرَقة ― bi-l-miṭraga ― with a mallet

Kashmiri

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kashmiri alphabet, called بے (by) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ھ, ے ^[edit]

Kazakh

Alternative scripts

Arabic	ب
Cyrillic	Б, б
Latin	B, b

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ba/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kazakh alphabet, called با and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: әріптер (ärıpter) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, د, ر, ز, س, ش, ع, ف, ق, ك, گ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, ە, ھ, و, ۇ, ۋ, ۆ, ى, ي ^[edit]

Khowar

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Khowar alphabet, called بے and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, ݮ, چ, ݯ, ح, خ, څ, ځ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, ݱ, س, ش, ݰ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ہ, ھ, ی, ے, ئ, ؤ, ء ^[edit]

Kyrgyz

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/, /w/, /v/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Kyrgyz alphabet, called بە and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: тамгалар (tamgalar) (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ﻥ, ﺕ, ﺝ, ﭺ, ﺡ, ﻑ, ﻕ, ﻉ, ك, گ, ڭ, ﻝ, ﻡ, و, ۅ, ۉ, ﯗ, ﯞ, ﺱ, ﺵ, ﺩ, ﺭ, ﺯ, ﻩ, ﻯ, ﺀ, ﺋ, ﻲ, ﻯ, ء, ۋ, ﻻ ^[edit]

Malay

Pronunciation

• (Name of letter) IPA^(key): [bɐ]
• (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA^(key): [b]
• (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA^(key): [p̚]

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Malay alphabet, called باء and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ ^[edit]

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic بِـ (bi-, “in, with”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b/, [bə] (before consonant clusters), [b] (elsewhere)
• IPA^(key): /bi/ [bi(ˑ)]

Preposition

بْـ or بِـ • (b or bi)

1. in, at, on
2. with, using
3. for (in return for)

   بْبَلَاش ― b balāš ― for free

4. times

   Synonym: ضَرْب (ḍarb)

   أربعة بتنين بيساوي تمانة

   ʔarbʕa b tnēn bisāwi tmāne

   Four times two equals eight

5. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

   في ست سناديق ونحنا تنين، تساعدني نحملهن تلاتة بتلاتة؟

   fī sitt snādīʔ w niḥna tnēn, tsāʕidni niḥmilhun tlāte b tlāte?

   There are six boxes and we're two people, help me and we'll carry two each?

   (literally, “we'll carry them two by two?”)

   شيليهن من البرّاد أربعتهن وسخّنيهن تنين بتنين

   šīlīhun mnil-barrād ʔarbʕítun w saḵḵnīhun tnēn b tnēn

   Take all four out of the fridge and heat them up two at a time

   (literally, “heat them up two by two”)

7. by (an amount of time)

   بَيِّي الله يرحمو توفى بعد عيد ميلادو بيومين

   bayyi ʔaḷḷa yirḥamo twaffa baʕd ʕīd mīlādo b yawmayn

   My dad, God rest his soul, passed two days after his birthday

   (literally, “passed after his birthday by two days”)

8. has a partitive effect on transitive verbs
   • c. 1964–1974, Henri Fleisch, “Première série: Textes non différentiels”, in Études d'Arabe Dialectal [Studies of Dialectal Arabic], Limite entre parles différentials et non différentiels (overall work in French), Beirut: Dar el-Machreq, sourced from informant نبيل الحاج (Nabîl al-Hajj, /l-ħaʒʒ/, short /a/), published 1974, →ISBN, →OCLC, Texte I. Antoûra, page 147:

     Abū Dīb. marra ʾabū dīb kǟn ʾǟʿed waḥdo biš-šite̠. baʾa ṣā̊ṛ yisroʾ bᵊ-had-džǟž u yǟku̱l. byǟkol ʿa waʾto småḷḷā̊h ḫamsᵊ džǟžǟt waḥdu̱, wulli bišūfo̱ biʾūl hǟda ma fīš yǟkol ᵊrġīf ʾadᵈ månno ḍʿīf u ʾåṣīr ʾåṣīr mətl əl-yā̊bā̊ne̱.

     [(أبو ديب.) مرّة أبو ديب كان قاعد وحدو بالشتي. بقا صار يسرق بهالدجاج وياكل. بياكل عوقتو سمالله خمس دجاجات وحدو، واللي بيشوفو بيقول هادا ما فيش ياكل رغيف قد منّو ضعيف وقصير قصير متل الياباني.]

     Abu Dib. One time Abu Dib was sitting alone in the winter. He started stealing the chickens little by little and eating. He would take his time eating; goodness, five chickens all by himself! And anyone who saw him would tell you he couldn’t even handle eating a piece of bread he’s so skinny — and short, short like a Japanese person.
     [original: Abou Dîb. Une fois Abou Dîb était assis seul en hiver. Au reste il volait les poules et mangeait. Il mangeait pour chaque repas, le nom de Dieu [le protège]! cinq poules tout seul; et celui qui le voyait disait: « Celui-ci il ne peut manger un pain, tant il est maigre et petit, petit comme un Japonais. »]

     The French translation does not attempt to translate the بـ (b-), but Fleisch remarks on his impression of its meaning later.
     Notice Fleisch's interpretation of the unfamiliar expression عَ وَقتُو (ʕa waʔto, “pour chaque repas”, or, according to the remarks a page later, literally “en son temps [de manger].”) In context one wonders if it is instead a synonym of عَ مَهْلُو (ʕa mahlo, “taking his time”).

Usage notes

• For with as in together with, use مَع (maʕ).
• Most dialects inflect this preposition suppletively: it uses the form بـ (b, bi) to attach to nouns and the form فِيـ (fī-) to attach to pronouns.
  • The only exception is in expressions meaning "what's wrong with...", which use بـ (b-) with pronouns, as in شو بَك (šū bak, “what's wrong with you”, literally “what's with you”).
• Sense 6 is used with the prepositions قَبْل (ʔabl, “before”) and بَعْد (baʕd, “after”) ~ مِن بَعْد (min baʕd, “after”). The expression قَبْل بـ (ʔabl b-) also exists, with no complement for قَبْل (ʔabl):
  • بدنا نوصل قبل بساعة وإلا مستحيل نلاقي صفّة

    baddna nūṣal ʔabl b sāʕa waʔilla mustaḥīl nlāʔi ṣaffe

    We have to get there an hour early or else there's no way we'll find a parking spot

  • حسّني قلبي قبل بيوم إنو بدها تشتّي

    ḥassni ʔalbi ʔabl b yōm ʔinno badda tšatti

    I got a strange feeling a day beforehand that it was going to rain

  • Two idioms in particular use this construction:
    • قَبْل بْوَقْت ― ʔabl b waʔt ― “beforehand”
    • قَبْل بْمَرَّة ― ʔabl b marra ― “once; once before”, often interchangeable with مِنْ قَبْل (min ʔabl, “previously; already”) ~ قَبْل (ʔabl, “previously; already”)
  • The equivalent expression with بَعْد (baʕd, “after”) uses no بْـ (b-): بَعْد يَوْمَيْن ― baʕd yawmayn ― two days later.

Etymology 2

Debated. Al-Jallad relates it to prepositional بـ (b, bi) in expressions like Arabic مَا بِـ (mā bi-, “not”). Alternatively, perhaps related to Gulf Arabic بَـ (ba-, future) and Gulf Arabic يبي (yabi, “he wants”). Cognate to Egyptian Arabic بـ (b-) and Hijazi Arabic بـ (b-, “-ing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b-/, /bi-/

Prefix

بـ • (b-)

1. Conjugates an imperfective verb for the indicative mood
   1. Imparts a habitual meaning, like English's simple present
   2. will; imparts a future meaning

Etymology 3

Unknown. Perhaps a sporadic development of the infix و (-w-).

Infix

ـبـ • (-b-)

1. Extension for triliteral roots inserted between the second and third radicals: فَعْبَل (faʕbal; CaCbaC)

Derived terms

• طَحْبَش (ṭaḥbaš, “to smash, shatter, clatter”)
• عَرْبَش (ʕarbaš, “to scale, climb”)

Northern Kurdish

Preposition

ب (bi)

1. Arabic spelling of bi (“by”)

Old Ruthenian

Letter

ب • (b)

1. (Middle Belarusian Arabica) The letter of the Old Ruthenian alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, د, ࢮ, ر, ز, ژ, ش, ࢯ, ص, ض, ط, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي (خ, ذ, ڛ, س, ظ, ء) ^[edit]

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic and Persian.

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet, called با and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (script appendix): ا, ء, ب, پ, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ڬ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, و, ه, ی ^[edit]

Preposition

ب • (be or bi)

1. with

   بخرد ― intelligent (literally, “with intelligence”)

2. at; in
3. to; into
4. for; because of

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 229
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 313

Pahari-Potwari

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Pahari-Potwari alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Shahmukhi script letters (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, ݨ, ں, و, ہ, ھ, ء, ی, ے ^[edit]

Pashto

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Pashto alphabet, called بي and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ټ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, څ, ځ, د, ډ, ذ, ر, ړ, ز, ژ, ږ, س, ش, ښ, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, ګ, ل, م, ن, ڼ, ں, و, ه, ۀ, ي, ې, ی, ۍ, ئ ^[edit]

Persian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme, all dialects) IPA^(key): /b/
  • (Early Classical Persian, after a vowel) IPA^(key): [β]
  • (Early Classical Persian, between vowels) IPA^(key): [β], [w]
    • The phonemes /b/ and /w/ were not strongly distinguished inter-vocally until late Classical Persian.
• (letter name)
  • (Classical Persian, Dari) IPA^(key): /bɑː/, /beː/
  • (Iran) IPA^(key): /bɒː/, /be/

    • Audio (Iran):

      (file)

  • (Tajik) IPA^(key): /bɔː/, /beː/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Persian alphabet, called به or بِ and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: حروف (hurūf / horuf) (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ه, ی ^[edit]

Punjabi

Alternative forms

• Gurmukhi letter: ਬ (babbā)

Etymology

From the Perso-Arabic letter ب (bē), from the Arabic letter ب (bāʔ).

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Punjabi alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Shahmukhi script letters: اکّھر (script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, ࣇ, م, ن, ݨ, ں, ہ, و, ی, ے ^[edit]

Sindhi

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Sindhi alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: اکر (akharu) (script appendix): ا, ب, ٻ, ڀ, ت, ٿ, ٽ, ٺ, ث, پ, ج, ڄ, جھ, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڌ, ڏ, ڊ, ڍ, ذ, ر, ڙ, ڙھ, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ڦ, ق, ڪ, ک, گ, ڳ, گھ, ڱ, ل, م, ن, ڻ, و, ه, ء, ي ^[edit]

South Levantine Arabic

Picture dictionary

ب

فوق

تحت

بـ/

في

قدام

ورا

على

جنب

بين

Prepositions of location

Etymology

From Arabic بِ (bi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bi/, [bi]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Preposition

بـ • (bi-)

1. in, at, on

   Synonym: في (fi)

2. with, by means of

   Synonym: في (fi)

Particle

بـ • (b-)

1. prefix indicating the present tense

Tunisian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بِ (bi).

Preposition

ب (b)

1. with

   نحب قهوة بالحليب ― nḥib qahwa b-li-ḥlīb ― I like coffee with milk

   ترعش بالخوف ― turʕuš bi-l-ḵūf ― She is shaking with fear

Inflection

Inflection of ب

base form			ب (b)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		plural
	m	f
1st person	بي (biyya)		بينا (bīna)
2nd person	بيك (bīk)		بيكم (bīkum)
3rd person	بيه (bīh)	بيها (bīha)	بيهم (bīhum)

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /beː/
• (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The second letter of the Urdu alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (hurūf) (script appendix): ا (آ, أ, إ), ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, ں, ہ, ھ, و, ی, ے, ء (ئ, ؤ, هٔ, أ, إ), ◌ٰ ^[edit]

Uyghur

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /be/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب • (b)

1. The third letter of the Uyghur alphabet, called بە (be) and written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Previous letter: ئە (e)
• Next letter: پ (p)

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /bi/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /b/

Letter

ب (b)

1. The second letter of the Yoruba alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

Forms

Isolated form	Final form	Medial form	Initial form
ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ

See also

• Previous letter: ا
• Next letter: د