आत्मन्

Sanskrit

Etymology

Probably ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European *ētmen-. Cognates include Old High German ātum ‎(“breath”) (whence German Atem), Tocharian A āñcäm (from a related root).

Noun

आत्मन् • ‎(ātman) m

1. breath (RV.)
2. soul, life (RV., AV., etc.)
3. self
4. nature, character
5. a person as a whole, as opposed to their parts (VS., ŚBr.)
6. body
7. mind, understanding
8. the world-soul
9. effort (L.)
10. firmness (L.)
11. sun (L.)
12. fire (L.)
13. son (L.)

Derived terms

• महात्मन् ‎(mahātman)

Pronoun

आत्मन् • ‎(ātman)

1. (reflexive) a person in the predicate who is also the subject of the sentence

Descendants

• Bengali: আপনি ‎(apni)
• English: atman
• Hindi: आप ‎(āp)
• Marathi: आपण ‎(āpaṇ)

References

• Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 0135