श्री

Translingual

Ligature

श्री (śrī)

1. Irregular ligature of श, र and ी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्री (śrī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃɾiː/, /sɾiː/

Noun

श्री • (śrī) m (Urdu spelling سری or شری)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, mister

   श्री राम ― śrī rām ― Lord Rama

2. light, lustre, radiance, splendour, glory, beauty, grace, loveliness

Declension

Declension of श्री (masc ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्री śrī	श्री śrī
oblique	श्री śrī	श्रियों śriyõ
vocative	श्री śrī	श्रियो śriyo

Proper noun

रागमाला में राग श्री

श्री • (śrī) m

1. (Indian classical music) a Hindustani sunset raga of the Purvi thaat
2. (Indian classical music) a Carnatic raga: incomplete, vakra, and derivative of खरहरप्रिय (kharahrapriya)

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 (śrī), from Sanskrit श्री (śrī).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕɾi/, [ɕɾiː]

Prefix

श्री • (śrī-)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, mister; Shri
2. (honorific) holy, sacred, respected

Noun

श्री • (śrī) f (literary)

1. wealth, fortune

   Synonyms: धन (dhan), संपत्ती (sampattī), संपदा (sampdā), दौलत (daulat)

2. success

   Synonyms: यश (yaś), सिद्धी (siddhī)

3. glory

   Synonyms: कीर्ती (kīrtī), वैभव (vaibhav)

Proper noun

श्री • (śrī) f

1. (Hinduism, Goddess) Lakshmi

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “श्री”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “श्री”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sri]
• Phonetic Devanagari: स्रि

Prefix

श्री • (śrī-)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, master

Sanskrit

A common ligature for Śrī (श्री)

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• শ্ৰী (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬭᬷ (Balinese script)
• শ্রী (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀻 (Brahmi script)
• ၐြီ (Burmese script)
• શ્રી (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਰੀ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍀 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦿꦷ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂲 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ರೀ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្រី (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ຣີ (Lao script)
• ശ്രീ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡵᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠷᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ରୀ (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖱 (Siddham script)
• ශ්‍රී (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚯 (Takri script)
• ஶ்ரீ (Tamil script)
• శ్రీ (Telugu script)
• ศฺรี (Thai script)
• ཤྲཱི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɾíː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɾiː/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śriHrás with apocopation, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćriHrás. Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬭𐬀 (srīra). Doublet of श्रील (śrīlá) and श्रीर (śrīrá)

Noun

श्री • (śrī́) stem, f

1. light, lustre, radiance, splendour, glory, beauty, grace, loveliness
2. prosperity, welfare, good fortune, success, auspiciousness, wealth, treasure, riches
3. symbol or insignia of royalty

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of श्री

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
accusative	श्रिय॑म् (śríyam)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
instrumental	श्रि॒या (śriyā́)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भिः (śrībhíḥ)
dative	श्रि॒ये (śriyé) श्रि॒यै² (śriyái²)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
ablative	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ) श्रि॒याः² (śriyā́ḥ²)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
genitive	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ) श्रि॒याः² (śriyā́ḥ²)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्रि॒याम् (śriyā́m) श्री॒णाम् (śrīṇā́m)
locative	श्रि॒यि (śriyí) श्रि॒याम्² (śriyā́m²)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्री॒षु (śrīṣú)
vocative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Later Sanskrit

Adjective

श्री • (śrī́) stem (comparative श्रेयस्, superlative श्रेष्ठ)

1. (at the end of a compound) diffusing light or radiance, splendid, radiant, beautifying, adorning

Declension

Masculine ī-stem declension of श्री

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
accusative	श्रिय॑म् (śríyam)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
instrumental	श्रि॒या (śriyā́)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भिः (śrībhíḥ)
dative	श्रि॒ये (śriyé)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
ablative	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
genitive	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्रि॒याम् (śriyā́m) श्री॒णाम् (śrīṇā́m)
locative	श्रि॒यि (śriyí)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्री॒षु (śrīṣú)
vocative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of श्री

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
accusative	श्रिय॑म् (śríyam)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)
instrumental	श्रि॒या (śriyā́)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भिः (śrībhíḥ)
dative	श्रि॒ये (śriyé) श्रि॒यै² (śriyái²)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
ablative	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ) श्रि॒याः² (śriyā́ḥ²)	श्री॒भ्याम् (śrībhyā́m)	श्री॒भ्यः (śrībhyáḥ)
genitive	श्रि॒यः (śriyáḥ) श्रि॒याः² (śriyā́ḥ²)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्रि॒याम् (śriyā́m) श्री॒णाम् (śrīṇā́m)
locative	श्रि॒यि (śriyí) श्रि॒याम्² (śriyā́m²)	श्रि॒योः (śriyóḥ)	श्री॒षु (śrīṣú)
vocative	श्रीः (śrī́ḥ)	श्रियौ॑ (śríyau) श्रिया॑¹ (śríyā¹)	श्रियः॑ (śríyaḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Later Sanskrit

Neuter i-stem declension of श्रि

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	श्रि (śrí)	श्रिणी॑ (śríṇī) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)	श्रीणि॑ (śrī́ṇi) श्रि¹ (śrí¹) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)
accusative	श्रि (śrí)	श्रिणी॑ (śríṇī) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)	श्रीणि॑ (śrī́ṇi) श्रि¹ (śrí¹) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)
instrumental	श्रिणा॑ (śríṇā) श्र्या¹ (śryā́¹)	श्रिभ्या॑म् (śríbhyām)	श्रिभिः॑ (śríbhiḥ)
dative	श्रिणे॑ (śríṇe) श्रये॑ (śráye)	श्रिभ्या॑म् (śríbhyām)	श्रिभ्यः॑ (śríbhyaḥ)
ablative	श्रिणः॑ (śríṇaḥ) श्रेः (śréḥ)	श्रिभ्या॑म् (śríbhyām)	श्रिभ्यः॑ (śríbhyaḥ)
genitive	श्रिणः॑ (śríṇaḥ) श्रेः (śréḥ)	श्रिणोः॑ (śríṇoḥ) श्र्योः (śryóḥ)	श्री॒णाम् (śrīṇā́m)
locative	श्रिणि॑ (śríṇi) श्रौ (śráu) श्रा¹ (śrā́¹)	श्रिणोः॑ (śríṇoḥ) श्र्योः (śryóḥ)	श्रिषु॑ (śríṣu)
vocative	श्रि (śrí) श्रे (śré)	श्रिणी॑ (śríṇī) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)	श्रीणि॑ (śrī́ṇi) श्रि¹ (śrí¹) श्री¹ (śrī́¹)

• ¹Vedic

Prefix

श्री • (śrī)

1. honorific prefix appended to certain names to mean "sacred" or "holy"

   e.g. श्रीदुर्गा (śrī-durgā), श्रीराम (śrī-rāma)

2. used as a respectful title (like "Reverend") to the names of eminent persons as well as of celebrated works and sacred objects

   e.g. श्रीजयदेव (śrī-jayadeva)

Usage notes

This prefix may be repeated two, three, or even four times to express excessive veneration (e.g. श्रीश्रीदुर्गा (śrī-śrī-durgā) etc.). It is often placed at the beginning or back of letters, manuscripts, important documents etc., before the words चरण (caraṇa) and पाद (pāda, “feet”), and even the end of personal names.

Descendants

• Pali: siri
  • → Old Burmese: သိရ်
    • Burmese: သိန် (sin)
  • → Burmese: သီရိ (siri.)
  • → Khmer: សិរី (serəy)
  • → Thai: สิริ (sì-rì)
• → Assamese: শ্রী
• → Bactrian: σρι (sri)
• → Bengali: শ্রী (sri)
• → Burmese: သီရိ (siri.)
• → Gujarati: શ્રી (śrī)
• → Hindi: श्री (śrī)
• → Old Javanese: śrī
  • > Javanese: ꦱꦿꦶ (sri) (inherited)
  • → Balinese: ᬰ᭄ᬭᬶ (sri)
  • • Indonesian: sri
• → Kannada: ಶ್ರೀ (śrī)
• → Khmer: ស្រី (srəy), សិរី (serəy)
• → Malay: seri
• → Malayalam: ശ്രീ (śrī)
• → Mon: ၐြဳ
  • → Burmese: ၐြီ
• → Nepali: श्री (śrī)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 (śrī)
  • Marathi: श्री (śrī)
• →? Old Tamil: 𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀼 (tiru)
  • Malayalam: തിരു (tiru)
  • Tamil: திரு (tiru)
    • → Telugu: తిరు (tiru)
• → Odia: ଶ୍ରୀ (śri)
• → Punjabi: شری (śrī), ਸ਼੍ਰੀ (śrī)
• → Sinhalese: ශ්‍රී (śrī)
• → Tamil: ஶ்ரீ (śrī), சீ (cī), சிரீ (cirī)
• → Telugu: శ్రీ (śrī)
• → Thai: ศรี (sǐi)
• → Urdu: سری (srī)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“to mix”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “mix, blend”), κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr, “mixing bowl, cup-shaped basin; crater”); English rear.

Root

श्री • (śrī)

1. to mix, mingle, cook
2. to burn, flame, diffuse light

Derived terms

• श्रीणाति (śrīṇā́ti)
• श्रीणीते (śrīṇīté)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “श्री”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1098.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “श्री”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 179

• Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “श्री”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 258, 259
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 328
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 582