宗教

Chinese

		school; sect; purpose school; sect; purpose; model; ancestor; family	teach; teaching; religion
trad. (宗教)		宗	教
simp. #(宗教)		宗	教
anagram		教宗

Etymology

Wasei kango (和(わ)製(せい)漢(かん)語(ご)), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 宗(しゅう)教(きょう) (shūkyō).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zōngjiào

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ gaau³

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-kau
• Eastern Min (BUC): cŭng-gáu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chong-kàu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zong¹ ga³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tson-ciau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zōngjiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zongjiào
    • Wade–Giles: tsung¹-chiao⁴
    • Yale: dzūng-jyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzongjiaw
    • Palladius: цзунцзяо (czunczjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung¹ gaau³
    • Yale: jūng gaau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ gaau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ gao³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kaːu̯³³/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 中校 宗教

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-kau
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ gau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ gau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kau̯⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cŭng-gáu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(k-)ŋɑu²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chong-kàu
    • Tâi-lô: tsong-kàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zongkaux
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kau²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ³³ kau⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kau²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kau¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kau²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zong¹ ga³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsong kà
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ³³⁻²³ ka²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tson-ciau
    • MiniDict: tson^平 ciau
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tson-jiau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/

Noun

宗教

1. religion; the sacred

   信仰宗教  ―  xìnyǎng zōngjiào  ―  to have religious faith

   宗教教育  ―  zōngjiào jiàoyù  ―  religious education

   民族宗教  ―  mínzú zōngjiào  ―  ethnoreligious

   世俗和宗教之間的關係 [MSC, trad.]
   世俗和宗教之间的关系 [MSC, simp.]

   shìsú hé zōngjiào zhījiān de guānxì [Pinyin]

   the relationship between the secular and the sacred

Synonyms

• (Dungan) 教門／教门

Derived terms

• 天啟宗教 / 天启宗教 (tiānqǐ zōngjiào)
• 宗教信仰 (zōngjiào xìnyǎng)
• 宗教學 / 宗教学 (zōngjiàoxué)
• 宗教徒 (zōngjiàotú)
• 宗教戰爭 / 宗教战争 (zōngjiào zhànzhēng)
• 宗教派 (zōngjiàopài)
• 宗教自由 (zōngjiào zìyóu)
• 新興宗教 / 新兴宗教 (xīnxīng zōngjiào)
• 有組織宗教 / 有组织宗教 (yǒuzǔzhī zōngjiào)
• 無宗教 / 无宗教 (wúzōngjiào)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
宗	教
しゅう Grade: 6	きょう Grade: 2
kan'yōon	goon

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese, from the two nouns 宗 (shū, “doctrine”) + 教 (kyō, “teaching”). First attested with this straightforward meaning in a compilation of Classical Chinese-style poetry from 1403.

Repurposed near the start of the Meiji period to translate English religion, which sense is first attested in 1866.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɕɨːkʲo̞ː]
• (Tokyo) しゅうきょー [shúꜜùkyòò] (Atamadaka – [1])

• (Kyōto) しゅー​きょー [shùúꜜkyòò] (Teiki)

Noun

宗(しゅう)教(きょう) • (shūkyō) ^{←しうけう (siukeu)?}

1. [from 1866] religion

   Synonym: 法教 (hōkyō, archaic in this sense)

2. [from 1403] (Buddhism) the Buddha's doctrine and teachings; the doctrine and teachings of a specific Buddhist denomination

Derived terms

• 無(む)宗(しゅう)教(きょう) (mushūkyō, “irreligion, no religious affiliation”)
• 宗(しゅう)教(きょう)学(がく) (shūkyōgaku, “religiology, religious studies”)

Related terms

• 教(きょう)祖(そ) (kyōso)
• 宗(しゅう)派(は) (shūha, “religious sect”)

Descendants

• → Chinese: 宗教 (zōngjiào)
• → Korean: 종교 (jonggyo)
• → Vietnamese: tôn giáo

References

• “宗教”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
宗	教

Noun

宗教 • (jonggyo) (hangeul 종교)

1. alternative form of 宗敎 (“religion”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
宗	教

Noun

宗教

1. chữ Hán form of tôn giáo (“religion”)