慕

Translingual

Han character

慕 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿日大心 (TAKP), four-corner 4433₃, composition ⿱莫㣺)

Related characters

• 募 墓 幕
• 模 膜

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11088
• Dae Jaweon: page 737, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2340, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6155

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Chinese

trad.		慕
simp. #		慕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 慕
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蟆	*mraː
鬕	*mraːɡs
饃	*maːl
模	*maː
摸	*maː, *maːɡ
嫫	*maː
謨	*maː
膜	*maː, *maːɡ
摹	*maː
暮	*maːɡs
慕	*maːɡs
募	*maːɡs
墓	*maːɡs
慔	*maːɡs
莫	*maːɡ
寞	*maːɡ
漠	*maːɡ
幕	*maːɡ
鏌	*maːɡ
瘼	*maːɡ
鄚	*maːɡ
瞙	*maːɡ
嗼	*maːɡ, *mraːɡ
塻	*maːɡ
貘	*mraːɡ
驀	*mraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maːɡs) : phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ) + semantic 㣺 (“heart”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mù (mu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mo⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mù
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mù
    • Wade–Giles: mu⁴
    • Yale: mù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muh
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mou⁶
    • Yale: mouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bō͘
    • Tâi-lô: bōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bɔ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mo⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: muH

Rime
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫故切
Baxter	muH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muoH/
Pan Wuyun	/muoH/
Shao Rongfen	/moH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔH/
Li Rong	/moH/
Wang Li	/muH/
Bernard Karlgren	/muoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*(C.)mˤak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*maːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ muH ›
Old Chinese	/*(C.)mˁak-s/
English	love; long for
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慕
Reading #	1/1
No.	9248
Phonetic component	莫
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	暮
Old Chinese	/*maːɡs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 慕

1. to admire; to adore
2. to long for; to desire; to yearn

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Japanese

Kanji

慕

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. pining

Readings

• Go-on: も (mo)
• Kan-on: ぼ (bo, Jōyō)
• Kun: したう (shitau, 慕う, Jōyō)

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Korean

Hanja

慕 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 慕 (mộ, mồ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.