洛叉

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (洛叉)		洛	叉

Etymology

Transliteration of Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luòchā

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄚ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luòchā
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄔㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luòcha
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴-chʻa¹
    • Yale: lwò-chā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luohcha
    • Palladius: лоча (loča)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: lak tsrhea|tsrhae

Rime
Character	洛	叉	叉
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	初 (19)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	佳 (31)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II	II
Fanqie	盧各切	楚佳切	初加切
Baxter	lak	tsrhea	tsrhae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/	/t͡ʃʰˠɛ/	/t͡ʃʰˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/	/t͡ʃʰæi/	/t͡ʃʰa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨj/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨ/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/	/t͡ʃʰɛ/	/t͡ʃʰa/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/	/t͡ʃʰai/	/t͡ʃʰa/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/	/ʈ͡ʂʰai/	/ʈ͡ʂʰa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò	chāi	chā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok6	caai1	caa1

Noun

洛叉

1. (Buddhism) lakh (one hundred thousand)

   佛言：「善男子！一百洛叉為一俱胝，俱胝俱胝為一阿庾多，阿庾多阿庾多為一那由他。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
   佛言：「善男子！一百洛叉为一俱胝，俱胝俱胝为一阿庾多，阿庾多阿庾多为一那由他。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: The Avataṃsaka Sūtra, translated by Śikṣānanda circa 7^th century CE

   Fó yán: “Shàn nánzǐ! Yībǎi luòchā wèi yī jùzhī, jùzhī jùzhī wèi yī āyǔduō, āyǔduō āyǔduō wèi yī nàyóutā.” [Pinyin]

   The Buddha said: "Good man! A hundred lakhs is one koṭi, a koti squared is an ayúta, an ayúta squared is one nayuta."