紊乱

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See also: 紊亂

Chinese

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For pronunciation and definitions of 紊乱 – see 紊亂 (“disorderly; chaotic; dysfunctional; confused”).
(This term is the simplified form of 紊亂).
Notes:

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
紊 乱
びん
Hyōgai 		らん
Grade: 6
kan'yōon on'yomi
Alternative spelling
紊亂 (kyūjitai)

慣用読み (kan'yōyomi, “a reading of a kanji that is commonly accepted, but originally based on a corrupted reading”) of ぶんらん below.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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紊(びん)乱(らん) • (binran) 

  1. disorder; confusion (of rules and morals)
Derived terms
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Verb

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紊(びん)乱(らん)する • (binran suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 紊(びん)乱(らん)し (binran shi), past 紊(びん)乱(らん)した (binran shita))

  1. (intransitive) (of rules and morals) to be disordered
    Synonyms: 攪乱する (kakuran / kōran suru), 乱れる (midareru)
  2. (transitive) to disorder (rules and morals)
    Synonyms: 壊乱する (kairan suru), 攪乱する (kakuran / kōran suru), 乱す (midasu)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of "紊乱する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 紊乱し びんらんし binran shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 紊乱し びんらんし binran shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 紊乱する びんらんする binran suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 紊乱する びんらんする binran suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 紊乱すれ びんらんすれ binran sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 紊乱せよ¹
紊乱しろ² 		びんらんせよ¹
びんらんしろ² 		binran seyo¹
binran shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 紊乱される びんらんされる binran sareru
Causative 紊乱させる
紊乱さす 		びんらんさせる
びんらんさす 		binran saseru
binran sasu
Potential 紊乱できる びんらんできる binran dekiru
Volitional 紊乱しよう びんらんしよう binran shiyō
Negative 紊乱しない びんらんしない binran shinai
Negative continuative 紊乱せず びんらんせず binran sezu
Formal 紊乱します びんらんします binran shimasu
Perfective 紊乱した びんらんした binran shita
Conjunctive 紊乱して びんらんして binran shite
Hypothetical conditional 紊乱すれば びんらんすれば binran sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
紊 乱
ぶん
Hyōgai 		らん
Grade: 6
kan'on on'yomi
Alternative spelling
紊亂 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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紊(ぶん)乱(らん) • (bunran) 

  1. (archaic) Same as びんらん above.

Verb

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紊(ぶん)乱(らん)する • (bunran suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 紊(ぶん)乱(らん)し (bunran shi), past 紊(ぶん)乱(らん)した (bunran shita))

  1. (archaic) Same as びんらん above.
Conjugation
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Conjugation of "紊乱する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 紊乱し ぶんらんし bunran shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 紊乱し ぶんらんし bunran shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 紊乱する ぶんらんする bunran suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 紊乱する ぶんらんする bunran suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 紊乱すれ ぶんらんすれ bunran sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 紊乱せよ¹
紊乱しろ² 		ぶんらんせよ¹
ぶんらんしろ² 		bunran seyo¹
bunran shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 紊乱される ぶんらんされる bunran sareru
Causative 紊乱させる
紊乱さす 		ぶんらんさせる
ぶんらんさす 		bunran saseru
bunran sasu
Potential 紊乱できる ぶんらんできる bunran dekiru
Volitional 紊乱しよう ぶんらんしよう bunran shiyō
Negative 紊乱しない ぶんらんしない bunran shinai
Negative continuative 紊乱せず ぶんらんせず bunran sezu
Formal 紊乱します ぶんらんします bunran shimasu
Perfective 紊乱した ぶんらんした bunran shita
Conjunctive 紊乱して ぶんらんして bunran shite
Hypothetical conditional 紊乱すれば ぶんらんすれば bunran sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ “紊乱”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  3. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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