餓死

See also: 饿死

Chinese

		to be hungry; hungry	to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid
trad. (餓死)		餓	死
simp. (饿死)		饿	死

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): èsǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄙˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngo⁶ sei²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngo-sí
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gō--sí

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: èsǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄙˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: èsǐh
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴-ssŭ³
    • Yale: è-sž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehsyy
    • Palladius: эсы (esy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹ sɹ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngo⁶ sei²
    • Yale: ngoh séi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngo⁶ sei²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngo⁶ séi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔː²² sei̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngo-sí
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngo xi^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngo⁴ xi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋo⁵⁵ si³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō--sí
    • Tâi-lô: gō--sí

Verb

餓⫽死 (verb-complement)

1. (intransitive, transitive) to starve to death; to die of starvation

   • 四海無閒田，農夫猶餓死。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     四海无闲田，农夫犹饿死。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tang Dynasty, 李紳 [Li Shen], 憫農 [Pitying the Farmer]

     Sìhǎi wú xián tián, nóngfū yóu èsǐ. [Pinyin]

     Not a field in the land is dormant, yet farmers still starve to death.

2. (intransitive) to be extremely hungry

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 餓死 (“to starve to death”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		殍
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		餓死
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	餓死
	Malaysia	餓死
	Singapore	餓死
Cantonese	Hong Kong	餓死
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	餓死
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	餓死
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	餓死
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	餓死
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	餓死
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	餓死
Southern Min	Tainan	餓死, 枵死
	Manila (Hokkien)	枵死

Derived terms

• 餓死事小，失節事大 / 饿死事小，失节事大 (èsǐ shì xiǎo, shījié shì dà)
• 餓死鬼投胎 / 饿死鬼投胎

Japanese

Kanji in this term
餓	死
が Grade: S	し Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠ɕi]
• (Tokyo) がし [gáꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])

• (Kyōto, Ōsaka) が​し (Kōki)

Noun

餓(が)死(し) • (gashi) 

1. starvation
2. death from starvation

Verb

餓(が)死(し)する • (gashi suru) intransitive suru (stem 餓(が)死(し)し (gashi shi), past 餓(が)死(し)した (gashi shita))

1. to starve
2. to starve to death
3. to die from hunger/starvation

Conjugation

Conjugation of "餓死する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	餓死し	がしし	gashi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	餓死し	がしし	gashi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	餓死する	がしする	gashi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	餓死する	がしする	gashi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	餓死すれ	がしすれ	gashi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	餓死せよ¹ 餓死しろ²	がしせよ¹ がししろ²	gashi seyo¹ gashi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	餓死される	がしされる	gashi sareru
Causative	餓死させる 餓死さす	がしさせる がしさす	gashi saseru gashi sasu
Potential	餓死できる	がしできる	gashi dekiru
Volitional	餓死しよう	がししよう	gashi shiyō
Negative	餓死しない	がししない	gashi shinai
Negative continuative	餓死せず	がしせず	gashi sezu
Formal	餓死します	がしします	gashi shimasu
Perfective	餓死した	がしした	gashi shita
Conjunctive	餓死して	がしして	gashi shite
Hypothetical conditional	餓死すれば	がしすれば	gashi sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• 飢(う)え死(じ)に (uejini)

References

• “餓死”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
餓	死

Noun

餓死 • (asa) (hangeul 아사)

1. hanja form^? of 아사 (“death from starvation”)