髑髏

See also: 髑髅

Chinese

		skull	skull
trad. (髑髏)		髑	髏
simp. (髑髅)		髑	髅

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dúlóu

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄡˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): duk⁶ lau⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): to̍k-lô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dúlóu
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dúlóu
    • Wade–Giles: tu²-lou²
    • Yale: dú-lóu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwulou
    • Palladius: дулоу (dulou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu³⁵ loʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: duk⁶ lau⁴
    • Yale: duhk làuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: duk⁹ lau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: dug⁶ leo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊk̚² lɐu̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to̍k-lô͘
    • Tâi-lô: to̍k-lôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dogloo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔk̚⁴⁻³² lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚²⁴⁻² lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔk̚⁴⁻³² lɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔk̚⁴⁻³² lɔ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: duwk luw

Rime
Character	髑	髏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒谷切	落侯切
Baxter	duwk	luw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duk̚/	/ləu/
Pan Wuyun	/duk̚/	/ləu/
Shao Rongfen	/duk̚/	/ləu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwk̚/	/ləw/
Li Rong	/duk̚/	/lu/
Wang Li	/duk̚/	/ləu/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuk̚/	/lə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dú	lóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	duk6	lau4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*doːɡ  roː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	髑	髏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11819	8459
Phonetic component	蜀	婁
Rime group	屋	侯
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	獨	樓
Old Chinese	/*doːɡ/	/*roː/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 髑髏

1. skull of a corpse
2. head of a corpse

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
髑	髏
どく Hyōgai	ろ Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 髑髏 (MC duwk luw, “skull”).

Noun

髑(どく)髏(ろ) • (dokuro) 

1. a weathered clean skull
2. a death's head

Derived terms

• 髑(どく)髏(ろ)崇(すう)拝(はい) (dokuro sūhai): a skull cult
• 髑(どく)髏(ろ)杯(はい) (dokurohai): a goblet made from a skull

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
髑	髏
Hyōgai	Hyōgai
irregular

/sarekaube/ → /sarekɔːbe/ → /sarekoːbe/

Compound of 曝れ (sare, “weathering”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 曝れる (sareru, “to weather, to degrade in color or form due to long exposure to wind, rain, and sun”)) +‎ 頭 (kōbe, “head”).

The fricative readings are less common, and derive as shifts from sarekōbe:

• /sarekoːbe/ → /ɕarekoːbe/
• /sarekoːbe/ → /ɕarekoːbe/ → /ɕarikoːbe/

Noun

髑髏(されこうべ) • (sarekōbe) ^{←されかうべ (sarekaube)?}
(alternative reading hiragana しゃれこうべ, rōmaji sharekōbe, historical hiragana しゃれかうべ)
(alternative reading hiragana しゃりこうべ, rōmaji sharikōbe, historical hiragana しゃりかうべ)

1. a weathered clean skull

Synonyms

Basic sense of skull:

• 頭(かしら)骨(ぼね) (kashirabone), 頭(とう)骨(こつ) (tōkotsu)
• 頭(ず)蓋(がい) (zugai), 頭(とう)蓋(がい) (tōgai)
• 頭(ず)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) (zugaikotsu), 頭(とう)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) (tōgaikotsu)