高句麗
Chinese
phonetic | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (高句麗) | 高 | 句 | 麗 | |
simp. (高句丽) | 高 | 句 | 丽 |
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from Old Korean?”)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ ㄍㄡ ㄌㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Gaogoulí
- Wade–Giles: Kao1-kou1-li2
- Yale: Gāu-gōu-lí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Gaugouli
- Palladius: Гаогоули (Gaogouli)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ koʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gou1 ngau1 lai6
- Yale: gōu ngāu laih
- Cantonese Pinyin: gou1 ngau1 lai6
- Guangdong Romanization: gou1 ngeo1 lei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kou̯⁵⁵ ŋɐu̯⁵⁵ lɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Proper noun
(deprecated template usage) 高句麗
- Goguryeo (one of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea)
Coordinate terms
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
高 | 句 | 麗 |
こう Grade: 2 |
く Grade: 5 |
り Grade: S |
on’yomi |
/kaukuri/ → /kɔːkuri/ → /koːkuri/
From Old Korean.
Pronunciation
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Proper noun
高句麗 or 高句麗 • (kōkuri or proper) ←かうくり (kaukuri)?[[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|こうくり]]
- (historical) the Goguryeo kingdom of 37 BCE - 668 CE, one of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea, located in what is now North Korea and parts of Manchuria and far-eastern Russia
Derived terms
- 高句麗古墳 (Kōkuri kofun): a Goguryeo tumulus tomb
Synonyms
Coordinate terms
- 百済 (Kudara, Hyakusai, “Baekje”, another of the Three Kingdoms)
- 新羅 (Shiragi, “Silla”, another of the Three Kingdoms)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
高 | 句 | 麗 |
こう > こ Grade: 2 |
く Grade: 5 |
り Grade: S |
irregular |
/koːkuri/ → /kokuri/
Alteration from Kōkuri.[1][2] This usage developed after the two failed attempts in 1274 and 1281 to invade Japan by the combined forces of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty and the Goryeo kingdom.[1] Goryeo was a successor kingdom to Goguryeo, but in the popular Japanese language of the time, Goryeo was still referred to as 高句麗 (Kōkuri or Kokuri, i.e. “Goguryeo”) instead of 高麗 (Kōrai, the Japanese reading of “Goryeo”).
The adverb こくり (kokuri, “startedly, startlingly, (jumping up) suddenly”) likely derives from this usage.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- something very unfortunate and scary
- これは中々天人の子ではないぞ。むくりこくりが卵よ。[3]
- Kore wa nakanaka tenjin no ko de wa nai zo. Mukuri kokuri ga tamago yo.
- I tell you, this really isn't the child of any heavenly being. This is the spawn of of great googly moogly.
- これは中々天人の子ではないぞ。むくりこくりが卵よ。[3]
Usage notes
Generally always seen in combination with むくり (mukuri) or もくり (mokuri), terms of similar meaning that derive from the word 蒙古 (Mōko, “Mongolia”).[1][2] Compare the English slang phrase googly moogly, possibly derived from this Japanese phrase.
Derived terms
Idioms
- 高句麗蒙古遁げる (kokuri mokuri nigeru): “Goguryeo and the Mongols, run away” → to run away in complete disarray
- Although kokuri and mokuri here are both written using the spellings for two proper nouns, in this phrase they are used as adverbs. This might be ateji, or it might be that the adverbs developed from the proper nouns. Note that many other Japanese adverbs can end in -ri, such as ちょっぴり (choppiri, “slightly, a little bit-ly”), たっぷり (tappuri, “fully, adequately”), or ふらり (furari, “aimlessly, casually, unexpectedly”).
Proper noun
高句麗 or 高句麗 • (kokuri or proper) [[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|こくり]]
- (rare) the Goguryeo kingdom of 37 BCE - 668 CE, one of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea, located in what is now North Korea and parts of Manchuria and far-eastern Russia
Synonyms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ c. 1610: 昨日は今日の物語 (Kinō wa Kyō no Monogatari, “The Tale of Yesterday is Today”), Anrakuan Sakuden
Korean
Hanja in this term | ||
---|---|---|
高 | 句 | 麗 |
Proper noun
高句麗 • (Goguryeo) (hangeul 고구려)
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
---|---|---|
高 | 句 | 麗 |
Proper noun
高句麗
- chữ Hán form of Cao Câu Li (“Goguryeo”).
- Chinese lemmas
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- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese proper nouns
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- zh:Historical polities
- zh:Korea
- Japanese terms spelled with 高 read as こう
- Japanese terms spelled with 句 read as く
- Japanese terms spelled with 麗 read as り
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- Japanese terms borrowed from Old Korean
- Japanese terms derived from Old Korean
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- Japanese terms spelled with 高
- Japanese terms spelled with 句
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