Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/oḱtṓw

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Formally the dual of a stem *(H)oḱto-. The erstwhile singular seems to appear in (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Avestan ašti- (“breadth of four fingers”).

Numeral

8

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*oḱtṓw, *h₁oḱtṓw

1. eight

Descendants

• Albanian: tetë (<oḱtōti-)
• Anatolian:
  • Lycian: [script needed] (aitãta-)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: ութ (utʻ)
    • Armenian: ութ (utʻ)
• Balto-Slavic: *aśtō-
  • Latvian: astoņi
  • Lithuanian: aštuoni
  • Latgalian: ostoni
  • Old Prussian: astōnjai
  • Slavic: *osmь
• Celtic: *oxtū
• Germanic: *ahtōu
• Hellenic: *oktṓ
  • Ancient Greek: ὀκτώ (oktṓ)
    • Greek: οκτώ (októ)
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: अष्ट (aṣṭa)
      • Assamese: আট (at)
      • Bengali: আট (aṭ)
      • Hindi: आठ (āṭh)
      • Malay: asta / astă / استا
      • Sinhalese: අට (aṭa)
      • Telugu: అష్ట (aṣṭa)
      • Urdu: آٹھ (āṭh)
  • Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (ašta)
    • Bactrian: αταο (atao)
    • Sogdian: [script needed] əšt(a)
    • Khwarezmian: ʾšt
    • Balochi: hašt
    • Kurdish:
    • Zazaki: heşt
    • Ossetian: аст (ast)
    • Pashto: اته (atə)
    • Parachi: ōšt
    • Parthian: 𐭇𐭔𐭕 (hašt)
    • Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭱𐭲 (hašt)
      • Persian: هشت (hašt)
        • Tajik ҳашт (hašt)
    • Shughni: в̌āх̌т (wāx̌t)
    • Yaghnobi: ашт (ašt)
• Italic:
  • Latin: octō
    • Aromanian: optu
    • Catalan: vuit
    • French: huit
    • Galician: oito
    • Italian: otto
    • Occitan: uèch
    • Portuguese: oito
    • Romanian: opt
    • Spanish: ocho
• → Kartvelian: *otxo-
  • Georgian-Zan:
    • Laz: ოთხო (otxo)
    • Mingrelian: ოთხი (otxi)
    • Old Georgian: ოთხი (otxi)
      • Georgian: ოთხი (otxi)
  • Svan: უ̂ოშთხუ̂ (ûoštxû)
• Tocharian: *óktä
  • Tocharian A: okät
  • Tocharian B: okt