نجف

See also: نحف, نحق, and نخف

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ن ج ف (n-j-f) originally stemming from the butting together of horns; hence the wide semantic range "to push or thrust", "to gore or stab", "to knock about", "to be pushed about".

Verb

1. to fashion a point or tip
2. to carve or sharpen an arrow
3. to make a broad spearhead

Verb

1. to bolt or to lock a door
2. to barricade, to set up a blockade
3. to shield or block
4. to push back, to be a barrier or resistance against another thing

Verb

1. to be blown by the wind
2. to drift, to be pushed
3. to shake, to be knocked about
4. to push up into a heap

Noun

نَجَف • (najaf) m (plural نِجَاف (nijāf))

1. elevated place not reached by water, hill, dike
2. embankment, battlement
3. dune especially those that drift or are pushed around or formed by the wind

Declension

Declension of noun نَجَف (najaf)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَف najaf	النَّجَف an-najaf	نَجَف najaf
Nominative	نَجَفٌ najafun	النَّجَفُ an-najafu	نَجَفُ najafu
Accusative	نَجَفًا najafan	النَّجَفَ an-najafa	نَجَفَ najafa
Genitive	نَجَفٍ najafin	النَّجَفِ an-najafi	نَجَفِ najafi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَفَيْن najafayn	النَّجَفَيْن an-najafayn	نَجَفَيْ najafay
Nominative	نَجَفَانِ najafāni	النَّجَفَانِ an-najafāni	نَجَفَا najafā
Accusative	نَجَفَيْنِ najafayni	النَّجَفَيْنِ an-najafayni	نَجَفَيْ najafay
Genitive	نَجَفَيْنِ najafayni	النَّجَفَيْنِ an-najafayni	نَجَفَيْ najafay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نِجَاف nijāf	النِّجَاف an-nijāf	نِجَاف nijāf
Nominative	نِجَافٌ nijāfun	النِّجَافُ an-nijāfu	نِجَافُ nijāfu
Accusative	نِجَافًا nijāfan	النِّجَافَ an-nijāfa	نِجَافَ nijāfa
Genitive	نِجَافٍ nijāfin	النِّجَافِ an-nijāfi	نِجَافِ nijāfi

Etymology 2

From دُرّ النَجَف (durr an-najaf, “the pearls of Najaf”), named from the city Najaf, the surrounding hills of which are famed for their abundant quartz deposits.

Noun

نَجَف • (najaf) m (collective, singulative نَجَفَة f (najafa))

1. quartz, crystal
2. chandelier

Declension

Declension of noun نَجَف (najaf)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَف najaf	النَّجَف an-najaf	نَجَف najaf
Nominative	نَجَفٌ najafun	النَّجَفُ an-najafu	نَجَفُ najafu
Accusative	نَجَفًا najafan	النَّجَفَ an-najafa	نَجَفَ najafa
Genitive	نَجَفٍ najafin	النَّجَفِ an-najafi	نَجَفِ najafi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَفَة najafa	النَّجَفَة an-najafa	نَجَفَة najafat
Nominative	نَجَفَةٌ najafatun	النَّجَفَةُ an-najafatu	نَجَفَةُ najafatu
Accusative	نَجَفَةً najafatan	النَّجَفَةَ an-najafata	نَجَفَةَ najafata
Genitive	نَجَفَةٍ najafatin	النَّجَفَةِ an-najafati	نَجَفَةِ najafati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَفَتَيْن najafatayn	النَّجَفَتَيْن an-najafatayn	نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay
Nominative	نَجَفَتَانِ najafatāni	النَّجَفَتَانِ an-najafatāni	نَجَفَتَا najafatā
Accusative	نَجَفَتَيْنِ najafatayni	النَّجَفَتَيْنِ an-najafatayni	نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay
Genitive	نَجَفَتَيْنِ najafatayni	النَّجَفَتَيْنِ an-najafatayni	نَجَفَتَيْ najafatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	نَجَفَات najafāt	النَّجَفَات an-najafāt	نَجَفَات najafāt
Nominative	نَجَفَاتٌ najafātun	النَّجَفَاتُ an-najafātu	نَجَفَاتُ najafātu
Accusative	نَجَفَاتٍ najafātin	النَّجَفَاتِ an-najafāti	نَجَفَاتِ najafāti
Genitive	نَجَفَاتٍ najafātin	النَّجَفَاتِ an-najafāti	نَجَفَاتِ najafāti

References

• “نجف” in Almaany
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 20
• Freytag, Georg (1837) “نجف”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 245
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “نجف”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1206
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نجف”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, pages 1103–1104
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “نجف”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 1249–1250

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Egyptian Arabic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnæɡæf/

Noun

نجف • (nagaf)

1. plural of نجفة

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Persian

Proper noun

نجف • (najaf)

1. Najaf (a city in Iraq)