bleichen
See also: Bleichen
German
Etymology
From a merger of Middle High German bleichen, from Old High German bleihhen, from Proto-West Germanic *blaikijan, from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną, and Middle High German blīchen, from Old High German blīhhan, from Proto-West Germanic *blīkan, from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną. Related to bleich. Cognate with Dutch bleken and blijken, English bleach and blike, Danish blege.
Pronunciation
Verb
bleichen (weak or class 1 strong, third-person singular present bleicht, past tense bleichte or (rare) blich, past participle gebleicht or (rare) geblichen, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (transitive) to bleach [auxiliary haben]
- (intransitive, rather rare) to fade, to lose colour [auxiliary sein]
Usage notes
- When transitive (meaning “to bleach”), bleichen is originally and predominantly weak (bleichte, gebleicht). Strong forms (blich, geblichen) are very rare in the simplex, but they are commonly seen in transitive compounds like ausbleichen: Die Sonne hat die Wand ausgeblichen / ausgebleicht. (“The sun has bleached out [the colour of] the wall.”)
- When intransitive (meaning “to fade”), bleichen is almost exclusively strong. Intransitive use, however, is per se rare in the simplex and occurs chiefly in compounds like erbleichen, verbleichen, etc.
- As a fallible rule of thumb, therefore, one can say that the simplex bleichen will be weak while compounds will be strong.
Conjugation
infinitive | bleichen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | bleichend | ||||
past participle | gebleicht geblichen1 | ||||
auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich bleiche | wir bleichen | i | ich bleiche | wir bleichen |
du bleichst | ihr bleicht | du bleichest | ihr bleichet | ||
er bleicht | sie bleichen | er bleiche | sie bleichen | ||
preterite | ich bleichte ich blich1 |
wir bleichten wir blichen1 |
ii | ich bleichte2 ich bliche1,2 |
wir bleichten2 wir blichen1,2 |
du bleichtest du blichst1 |
ihr bleichtet ihr blicht1 |
du bleichtest2 du blichest1,2 du blichst1,2 |
ihr bleichtet2 ihr blichet1,2 ihr blicht1,2 | ||
er bleichte er blich1 |
sie bleichten sie blichen1 |
er bleichte2 er bliche1,2 |
sie bleichten2 sie blichen1,2 | ||
imperative | bleich (du) bleiche (du) |
bleicht (ihr) |
1Rare.
2Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
1Rare.
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “bleichen” in Duden online
- “bleichen” in Duden online
- “bleichen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “bleichen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
Categories:
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German strong verbs
- German class 1 strong verbs
- German verbs using sein as auxiliary
- German verbs using haben and sein as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German intransitive verbs
- German terms with rare senses