مهر

See also: مہر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Common West Semitic term; compare Ugaritic 𐎎𐎅𐎗 (mhr), Old South Arabian 𐩣𐩠𐩧𐩩 (mhrt, “wealth, possessions, commodities, goods”), Biblical Hebrew מָהַר (mahar, “to acquire by exchange, to barter, to purchase”), Biblical Hebrew מֹהַר (mṓhar, “bridal payment, purchasing price”), Classical Syriac ܡܗܪܐ (“bride-price”), Nabataean 𐢓𐢇𐢛 (mohar). Uncertain connection to highly productive Akkadian 𒈠𒄩𒀸 (maḫārum, “to face or meet; to accept, to receive; to conduct; to do business, to shift commodities, to transact; to accept valuables, staples, or persons; to take in or collect offers, to take in women by dowries”) and Soqotri móḥor (“to offer”), as the sound change complicates the semantic overlaps. Comparison to Middle Persian mtr'‎ (/⁠mihr⁠/, “contract, bond”) is fundamentally coincidental.

Verb

1. to settle a dowry for (one's wife, etc.)

Noun

مَهْر • (mahr) m (plural مُهُور (muhūr))

1. verbal noun of مَهَرَ (mahara) (form I)
2. dowry, dower, marriage portion
3. price
4. contracting

Declension

Declension of noun مَهْر (mahr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَهْر mahr	الْمَهْر al-mahr	مَهْر mahr
Nominative	مَهْرٌ mahrun	الْمَهْرُ al-mahru	مَهْرُ mahru
Accusative	مَهْرًا mahran	الْمَهْرَ al-mahra	مَهْرَ mahra
Genitive	مَهْرٍ mahrin	الْمَهْرِ al-mahri	مَهْرِ mahri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَهْرَيْن mahrayn	الْمَهْرَيْن al-mahrayn	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Nominative	مَهْرَانِ mahrāni	الْمَهْرَانِ al-mahrāni	مَهْرَا mahrā
Accusative	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Genitive	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُهُور muhūr	الْمُهُور al-muhūr	مُهُور muhūr
Nominative	مُهُورٌ muhūrun	الْمُهُورُ al-muhūru	مُهُورُ muhūru
Accusative	مُهُورًا muhūran	الْمُهُورَ al-muhūra	مُهُورَ muhūra
Genitive	مُهُورٍ muhūrin	الْمُهُورِ al-muhūri	مُهُورِ muhūri

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: مهر (mahar, “dowry”)
• → Middle Armenian: մահր (mahr)
• → English: mahr
• → Swahili: mahari

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwdl), 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”), and Template:ar-denominal verb.

Noun

مُهْر • (muhr) m

1. seal; signet; stamp

Declension

Declension of noun مُهْر (muhr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُهْر muhr	الْمُهْر al-muhr	مُهْر muhr
Nominative	مُهْرٌ muhrun	الْمُهْرُ al-muhru	مُهْرُ muhru
Accusative	مُهْرًا muhran	الْمُهْرَ al-muhra	مُهْرَ muhra
Genitive	مُهْرٍ muhrin	الْمُهْرِ al-muhri	مُهْرِ muhri

Descendants

• → Swahili: muhuri

Verb

1. to stamp, to imprint

Noun

مَهْر • (mahr) m (plural مُهُور (muhūr))

1. verbal noun of مَهَرَ (mahara) (form I)
2. sealing; stamping

Declension

Declension of noun مَهْر (mahr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَهْر mahr	الْمَهْر al-mahr	مَهْر mahr
Nominative	مَهْرٌ mahrun	الْمَهْرُ al-mahru	مَهْرُ mahru
Accusative	مَهْرًا mahran	الْمَهْرَ al-mahra	مَهْرَ mahra
Genitive	مَهْرٍ mahrin	الْمَهْرِ al-mahri	مَهْرِ mahri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَهْرَيْن mahrayn	الْمَهْرَيْن al-mahrayn	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Nominative	مَهْرَانِ mahrāni	الْمَهْرَانِ al-mahrāni	مَهْرَا mahrā
Accusative	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Genitive	مَهْرَيْنِ mahrayni	الْمَهْرَيْنِ al-mahrayni	مَهْرَيْ mahray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُهُور muhūr	الْمُهُور al-muhūr	مُهُور muhūr
Nominative	مُهُورٌ muhūrun	الْمُهُورُ al-muhūru	مُهُورُ muhūru
Accusative	مُهُورًا muhūran	الْمُهُورَ al-muhūra	مُهُورَ muhūra
Genitive	مُهُورٍ muhūrin	الْمُهُورِ al-muhūri	مُهُورِ muhūri

Related terms

• مُهْرَدَار (muhradār)
• مُهْرَق (muhraq)

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *mahir-/*marw- (“(young) man; still fast and physically useful”), possibly further Proto-Afroasiatic *ma(hi)r- (“servant, slave”), potentially related to Arabic مَرْء (marʔ). Compare Akkadian 𒌉 (mārum, “young man, son; subordinate, deployable man, service man, usable worker, hireling for a service”), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎅𐎗 (mhr, “warrior, man, troop; skilled, expert, trained; exceptional, faster, better, or heroic”), Sabaean 𐩩𐩣𐩠𐩧𐩩 (tmhrt, “contingent of Bedouin mercenaries; specialty troops, proficient at handling camels and desert warfare”), Aramaic מהר, Hebrew מָהִיר, Hebrew מַהֵר, Phoenician 𐤌𐤄𐤓 (mhr), Classical Syriac ܡܗܪ (“to instruct, to be instructed, to learn, to excel”), Ge'ez ምሁረ (məhurä /⁠məhur⁠/, “trained”).

Verb

1. to be skilled or skillful
2. to be proficient
3. to be trained, expert especially at handling

Etymology 4

From Proto-Semitic *muhr-.

Noun

مُهْر • (muhr) m (plural أَمْهَار (ʔamhār) or مِهَارَة (mihāra), feminine مُهْرَة (muhra))

1. foal, colt

Declension

Declension of noun مُهْر (muhr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُهْر muhr	الْمُهْر al-muhr	مُهْر muhr
Nominative	مُهْرٌ muhrun	الْمُهْرُ al-muhru	مُهْرُ muhru
Accusative	مُهْرًا muhran	الْمُهْرَ al-muhra	مُهْرَ muhra
Genitive	مُهْرٍ muhrin	الْمُهْرِ al-muhri	مُهْرِ muhri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُهْرَيْن muhrayn	الْمُهْرَيْن al-muhrayn	مُهْرَيْ muhray
Nominative	مُهْرَانِ muhrāni	الْمُهْرَانِ al-muhrāni	مُهْرَا muhrā
Accusative	مُهْرَيْنِ muhrayni	الْمُهْرَيْنِ al-muhrayni	مُهْرَيْ muhray
Genitive	مُهْرَيْنِ muhrayni	الْمُهْرَيْنِ al-muhrayni	مُهْرَيْ muhray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَمْهَار‎; مِهَارَة ʔamhār‎; mihāra	الْأَمْهَار‎; الْمِهَارَة al-ʔamhār‎; al-mihāra	أَمْهَار‎; مِهَارَة ʔamhār‎; mihārat
Nominative	أَمْهَارٌ‎; مِهَارَةٌ ʔamhārun‎; mihāratun	الْأَمْهَارُ‎; الْمِهَارَةُ al-ʔamhāru‎; al-mihāratu	أَمْهَارُ‎; مِهَارَةُ ʔamhāru‎; mihāratu
Accusative	أَمْهَارًا‎; مِهَارَةً ʔamhāran‎; mihāratan	الْأَمْهَارَ‎; الْمِهَارَةَ al-ʔamhāra‎; al-mihārata	أَمْهَارَ‎; مِهَارَةَ ʔamhāra‎; mihārata
Genitive	أَمْهَارٍ‎; مِهَارَةٍ ʔamhārin‎; mihāratin	الْأَمْهَارِ‎; الْمِهَارَةِ al-ʔamhāri‎; al-mihārati	أَمْهَارِ‎; مِهَارَةِ ʔamhāri‎; mihārati

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Persian

Etymology 1

The first sense borrowed from Arabic مَهْر (mahr, “dowry”), from the verb مَهَرَ (mahara, “to contract, to give a dowry”); see above. The remaining senses inherited from Middle Persian mtr' (mihr, “bond, contract”), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mithra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬋 (miθrō, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Iranian *miθráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra) and the above for a possible layer of phono-semantic matching with the Semitic root regarding business contracts and reception.

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading?	m
Dari reading?	m
Iranian reading?	m
Tajik reading?	m

Noun

مهر • (mahr) (plural مهرها (mahr-hâ))

1. (Islam) Mahr, dowry, bride-price or gift; a pre-negotiated gift of monetary or symbolic value which is promised to a bride by a groom upon marriage.
2. contracting
3. contract
4. covenant

Synonyms

• مهریه (mahriye)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian mtr' (Mihr), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (Miθra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (miθra, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra), Ancient Greek μεσίτης (mesítēs).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading?	m
Dari reading?	m
Iranian reading?	m
Tajik reading?	m

Noun

Dari	مهر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	миҳр

مهر • (mehr)

1. kindness
2. love
3. affection
4. friendship
5. mercy
6. sympathy
7. prosperity

Derived terms

• مهربان (mehrabân)
• مهربانی (mehrabâni)

Proper noun

Dari	مهر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Меҳр

مهر • (Mehr)

1. (Zoroastrianism) Mithra, a Zoroastrian deity.
2. the Sun
3. Mehr, the seventh month of the solar Persian calendar.
4. Name of the sixteenth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar.

Related terms

• مهرآباد (Mehrâbâd)
• مهربان (mehrabân)
• مهربانی (mehrabâni)
• مهرداد (Mehrdâd)
• مهرگان (Mehregân)

Descendants

• → Armenian: Մհեր (Mher)

See also

• مهر on the Persian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fa
• (مهر (ماه on the Persian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fa

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwdl), 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”) (compare Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /⁠muhr⁠/, “seal”), and Bactrian μολρο (molro)); possibly cognate with words above, otherwise from Akkadian 𒈬𒊬 (mušarû, “object bearing a royal inscription”), from Sumerian 𒈬𒊬 (mu-sar /⁠musar⁠/), from 𒈬 (mu, “name, fame”) + 𒊬 (sar, “to write”); cf. the many descendants of Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet; cylinder seal”) including دیوان (divân), دف (daf), دفتر (daftar), Arabic أَدَب (ʔadab), طُوب (ṭūb), طَابَع (ṭābaʕ), ذَبْر (ḏabr, “a writing on palm-leaves, a book”), ذَبَرَ (ḏabara, “to write, to point; to read thoroughly; to understand well”).

Template:fa-rtl

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading?	m
Dari reading?	m
Iranian reading?	m
Tajik reading?	m

Noun

Dari	مهر, تاپه
Iranian Persian	مهر
Tajik	мӯҳр

مهر • (mohr) (plural مهرها (mohr-hâ))

1. seal
2. impression
3. stamp
4. (Islam) A prayer-stone, sometimes made from clay from Karbala or Mashhad, which is placed on the ground in front of the worshipper and onto which the forehead is touched during prayer; also known as a turba.

Derived terms

• مهر زدن (mohr zadan)
• مهر کردن (mohr kardan)
• مهر و موم (mohr-o-mum)

Related terms

• مهره (mohre)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: möhür
• → Ossetian: мыхуыр (myx°yr)
• → Ottoman Turkish: مهر (mühr, mühür)
  • Turkish: mühür
  • → Bulgarian: муху́р (muhúr)
  • → Macedonian: мухур (muhur)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: му̏хур

    Latin script: mȕhūr

See also

• (مهر (نماز on the Persian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fa