Holocaust

See also: holocaust

English

Etymology

See holocaust.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈhɒləkɔːst/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑləkɔst/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑləkɑst/

Proper noun

the Holocaust (usually uncountable, plural Holocausts)

1. (historical, strictly) The systematic mass murder (genocide) of 6 million Jews perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II.
2. (historical, broadly) The systematic mass murder (democide) of 11 million people, namely 6 million Jews and 5 million others (including Romanis, Slavs, homosexuals, and people with physical and mental disabilities), perpetrated by Nazi Germany shortly before and during World War II.
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:Holocaust.

Usage notes

• Whether the term "Holocaust" is a designation for the mass murder of 11 million people or the genocide of 6 million Jews is contested.
• The genocide of the European Jews may be unambiguously referred to as the Shoah. The genocide of the Romani people has the specific designation Porajmos.

Synonyms

• (mass murder of 6 million Jews): Shoah
• the Nazi genocide

Hypernyms

• (mass murder of 6 million Jews): holocaust, genocide, mass murder
• (mass murder of 11 million people): holocaust, democide, mass murder

Hyponyms

• (mass murder of 11 million people): Shoah (mass murder of Jews)
• (mass murder of 11 million people): Homocaust
• (mass murder of 11 million people): Porajmos (the genocide of the Roma)

Derived terms

• (used by Holocaust deniers:)
  • Hoaxocaust, Holocash, Holohoax
  • Holocaustianity
  • Lolocaust

Translations

the mass murder of 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany

• Afrikaans: Sjoa, Volkslagting, Uitwissing, Jodeslagting, Joodse Volksmoord
• Arabic: الْهُولُوكُوسْت‎ m (al-hūlūkūst), الْمَحْرَقَة الْيَهُودِيَّة‎ f (al-maḥraqa(t) al-yahūdiyya)
• Aragonese: Holocausto
• Armenian: Հոլոքոստ (Holokʿost)
• Asturian: Holocaustu m
• Azerbaijani: Holokost, Yəhudi soyqırımı
• Belarusian: Халако́ст (Xalakóst)
• Bulgarian: Холокост (Holokost)
• Catalan: Holocaust m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 猶太人大屠殺, 犹太人大屠杀 (Yóutàirén dàtúshā)

• Czech: holokaust (cs), holocaust (cs), šoa (cs) f
• Danish: Holocaust, jødeudryddelse c
• Dutch: Holocaust (nl), Sjoa (nl), jodenvervolging (nl) f
• Esperanto: Holokaŭsto
• Finnish: juutalaisvaino (fi), holokausti (fi)
• French: Shoah (fr) f
• Galician: Holocausto m
• Georgian: ჰოლოკოსტი (holoḳosṭi)
• German: Holocaust (de) m, Judenmord (de) m, Judenvernichtung (de) f, (official) Massenmord an den europäischen Juden m, Schoah (de) f, (symbolic, after Adorno) Auschwitz (de) n, (euphemistic Nazi term) Endlösung (de) f
• Greek: Ολοκαύτωμα n (Olokáftoma)

• Hebrew: השואה‎ (he) (ha-sho'á) (definite), שואה‎ (he) f (sho'á) (indefinite)
• Hungarian: holokauszt (hu), soa
• Icelandic: Helförin
• Irish: an tUileloscadh f
• Italian: Olocausto (it), Shoah (it)
• Japanese: ユダヤ人大虐殺 (Yudaya-jin dai-gyakusatsu)
• Ladino: Olokosto, Shoa
• Latvian: Holokausts, Šoā
• Lithuanian: Holokaustas, Šoa
• Norwegian: Holocaust
• Polish: Holocaust (pl) m, Holokaust m
• Portuguese: Holocausto (pt) m, Shoá
• Romanian: Holocaust n
• Russian: холоко́ст (ru) m (xolokóst), Холоко́ст m (Xolokóst), Шоа́ f (Šoá) (indeclinable)
• Spanish: Holocausto (es) m, Shoá
• Swedish: Förintelsen, Shoah
• Turkish: (rare) Holokost, Yahudi Soykırımı
• Vietnamese: Holocaust
• Welsh: yr Holocost m
• Yiddish: חורבן אייראָפּע‎ m (khurbn eyrope), (common) חורבן‎ m (khurbn), (sometimes also) האַלאָקאַוסט‎ m (halokaust)

the mass murder of 11 million people by Nazi Germany

• Arabic: الْهُولُوكُوسْت‎ m (al-hūlūkūst)
• Armenian: Հոլոքոստ (Holokʿost)
• Azerbaijani: Holokost
• Catalan: Holocaust m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 大屠殺 (zh), 大屠杀 (zh) (dàtúshā)

• Czech: holokaust (cs) m, holocaust (cs)
• Danish: Holocaust
• Esperanto: Holokaŭsto
• Finnish: holokausti (fi)

• Galician: Holocausto m
• Georgian: ჰოლოკოსტი (holoḳosṭi)
• German: Holocaust (de) m
• Greek: Ολοκαύτωμα n (Olokáftoma)
• Hungarian: holokauszt (hu), vészkorszak
• Japanese: ホロコースト (Horokōsuto)
• Polish: Holocaust (pl) m, Holokaust m
• Portuguese: Holocausto (pt) m
• Russian: холоко́ст (ru) m (xolokóst), Холоко́ст m (Xolokóst)
• Spanish: Holocausto (es) m
• Turkish: (rare) Holokost
• Vietnamese: Holocaust

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Basque: ^{(please verify)} Holokausto
• Belarusian: ^{(please verify)} Галако́ст m (Halakóst)
• Bengali: ^{(please verify)} হলোকস্ট (hôlokôśṭ)
• Breton: ^{(please verify)} loskaberzh
• Bulgarian: ^{(please verify)} Холокост m (Holokost)
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} Holokaŭsto
• Estonian: ^{(please verify)} holokaust
• French: ^{(please verify)} Holocauste (fr) m
• Galician: ^{(please verify)} holocausto Nazi m
• Hindi: ^{(please verify)} यहूदी अग्निकांड (yahūdī agnikāṇḍ)
• Icelandic: ^{(please verify)} helförin
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} Holocaust
• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} Holocausto
• Irish: ^{(please verify)} Uileloscadh m
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} olocausto (it) m
• Japanese: ^{(please verify)} ホロコースト (Horokōsuto)
• Korean: ^{(please verify)} 홀로코스트 (hollokoseuteu)
• Ladino: ^{(please verify)} אולוקוסטו‎ m (Olokósto, olokósto)
• Latvian: ^{(please verify)} holokausts
• Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} holokaustas

• Luxembourgish: ^{(please verify)} Holocaust
• Macedonian: ^{(please verify)} Холокауст m (Holokaust)
• Malay: ^{(please verify)} Holokus
• Norwegian: ^{(please verify)} holocaust
• Persian: ^{(please verify)} هولوکاست‎
• Quechua: ^{(please verify)} Ulukawstu
• Romanian: ^{(please verify)} Holocaust
• Scots: ^{(please verify)} Holocaust
• Scottish Gaelic: ^{(please verify)} Uile-losgadh m
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} холокауст m, ^{(please verify)} holokaust (sh) m, ^{(please verify)} Holokaust m
• Sicilian: ^{(please verify)} olucaustu m
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} holokaust m
• Slovene: ^{(please verify)} holokavst m
• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} Holocausto (es) m
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} Förintelsen
• Thai: ^{(please verify)} การล้างชาติพันธุ์โดยนาซี (gaan láang châat pan doi naa see)
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} Nazi soykırımı
• Ukrainian: ^{(please verify)} Голоко́ст m (Holokóst)
• Welsh: ^{(please verify)} yr Holocost

Verb

Holocaust (third-person singular simple present Holocausts, present participle Holocausting, simple past and past participle Holocausted)

1. Alternative letter-case form of holocaust (“subject to a mass annihilation; destroy en masse”).

See also

• The Holocaust on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• at Wikipedia: Nazi persecution of Romanis (Porajmos), Catholics, Jehovah's Witnesses, blacks, Poles, Soviet prisoners-of-war, and homosexuals
• concentration camp
• ethnic cleansing
• final solution
• Meds Yeghern

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Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English Holocaust, from French holocauste, from Latin holocaustum, from the neuter of Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɦɔ.loːˌkɑu̯st/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Ho‧lo‧caust

Proper noun

Holocaust m

1. Holocaust

Derived terms

• Holocaustherdenking
• Holocaustmonument
• Holocaustontkenner
• Holocaustontkenning

Related terms

• holocaust

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German

Alternative forms

• Holokaust (rare)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhoːloˌkaʊ̯st/, IPA^(key): /ˌholoˈkaʊ̯st/
• (anglicised pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈhɔləˌkɔːst/

• Audio

  (file)

Proper noun

Holocaust m (proper noun, strong, genitive Holocausts)

1. (historical) the Holocaust

Declension

Declension of Holocaust [sg-only, masculine, strong]

	singular
	indef.	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Holocaust
genitive	eines	des	Holocausts
dative	einem	dem	Holocaust
accusative	einen	den	Holocaust

Noun

Holocaust m (strong, genitive Holocaustes or Holocausts, plural Holocausts)

1. a holocaust
   • 1999, Barbara S. Brucker, Das Ganze, dessen Teile wir sind. Zu Tradition und Erfahrung des inneren Raumes bei Doris Lessing, Königshausen & Neumann, page 110:

     Denn, was im vorliegenden Fall als Science-Fiction und nuklearer Holocaust dargestellt wird, kann als Metapher für das moralisch durchseuchte Leben unserer Zivilisation verstanden werden.

   • 2005, Maria Rührnschopf (geb. Friedrich), Glaubst du das? Ein Konfirmand fragt seine Großmutter, Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt, page 23:

     Warum ließ er [= Gott] die Holocausts unseres Jahrhunderts zu?

   • 2006, Holger Freiherr von Dobeneck, Das Sloterdijk-Alphabet. Kritisch-lexikalische Einführung in seinen Ideenkosmos. Zweite stark erweiterte Auflage., Königshausen & Neumann, page 16:

     In diesem Prozeß des post histoire gegen die eigene Vergangenheit macht Amerika mit seiner Sklaverei, seinem Indianerholocaust und seinem Ausbeutungskolonialismus wahrlich keine gute Figur.

   • 2007, Erhard Roy Wiehn, Bleibende Warnungen III - Gesammelte Vorworte, Vorträge und Artikel 2004-2007, Hartung-Gorre Verlag Konstanz, page 192:

     Wohl zurecht fragt Mykola Rjabtschuk, warum "eine nationale Katastrophe wie der Holodomor (1932/33) - der Hungerholocaust - in der Ukraine für die Ukrainer nicht zu dem wurde, was für die Juden die Shoah oder für die Armenier das Massaker von 1915 geworden ist."

   • 2011, Sylvia Tschörner, Das virtuelle Barock des Herrn P.C.: Der seidende Schuh von Paul Claudel, in: Göttliche, menschliche und teuflische Komödien. Europäische Welttheater-Entwürfe im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, Albert Gier (ed.), University of Bamberg Press, page 171:

     Der amerikanische Holocaust, dem im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert Millionen von Indios zum Opfer fielen, wird ästhetisiert:

Declension

Declension of Holocaust [masculine, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Holocaust	die	Holocausts
genitive	eines	des	Holocaustes, Holocausts	der	Holocausts
dative	einem	dem	Holocaust, Holocauste1	den	Holocausts
accusative	einen	den	Holocaust	die	Holocausts

¹Now uncommon, see notes.

Derived terms

• atomarer Holocaust, nuklearer Holocaust
• Babycaust
• Bombenholocaust
• Holocaustforschung / Holocaust-Forschung
• Holocaust-Geschichte
• Holocaust-Industrie
• Holocaustleugnung
• Holocaustleugner / Holocaust-Leugner
• Holocaustlüge / Holocaust-Lüge
• Holocaustreligion
• Holocaust-Schwindel
• Holocaustüberlebender / Holocaust-Überlebender
• Hungerholocaust
• Roter Holocaust

Further reading

• “Holocaust” in Duden online

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Polish

Alternative forms

• Holokaust

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English Holocaust.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xɔˈlɔ.kawst/
• Rhymes: -ɔkawst
• Syllabification: Ho‧lo‧caust
• Homophones: Holokaust, holocaust, holokaust

Proper noun

Holocaust m inan

1. (historical) Holocaust (mass murder of Jews perpetrated by the Nazi Germany)

   Synonyms: Shoah, Szoa, Szoah

Declension

Declension of Holocaust

	singular
nominative	Holocaust
genitive	Holocaustu
dative	Holocaustowi
accusative	Holocaust
instrumental	Holocaustem
locative	Holocauście
vocative	Holocauście

Related terms

noun

• holocaust

 

Further reading

• Holocaust in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• Holocaust in Polish dictionaries at PWN