Per Vasmer, cognate with Lithuanian rẽkti ( “ to shout, to roar ” ) , 1sg. rėkiù , Lithuanian rékauti ( “ to shout, to roar ” ) , 1sg. rékauju , Latvian rèkt ( “ to shout, to roar, to howl ” ) , rȩ̃kôt ( “ to talk, to chat ” ) , as well as Sanskrit रचयति ( racáyati , “ to work, to construct ” ) , Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 ( rahnjan , “ to calculate ” ) , Tocharian B reki , Tocharian A rake ( “ speech, word ” ) , Latin raccō ( “ to roar (like a tiger) ” ) , Old Irish réimm ( “ shout ” ) , from Proto-Indo-European *rekmen .
Per Derksen, possibly cognate with Sanskrit रचयति ( racáyati , “ to work, to construct ” ) and Welsh rhegi ( “ curse ” ) .
*reťi pf (imperfective *govorìti )[ 1]
to say
Conjugation of
*reťi, *reče, *rečetь (?,
-C- , s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun
Infinitive
Supine
L-participle
*rečenьje
*reťi
*reťь
*reklъ
Participles
Tense
Past
Present
Passive
*rečenъ
*rekomъ
Active
*rekъ
*reky
Aorist
Present
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*rěxъ
*reče
*reče
*rekǫ
*rečeši
*rečetь
Dual
*rěxově
*rěsta
*rěste
*rečevě
*rečeta
*rečete
Plural
*rěxomъ
*rěste
*rěšę
*rečemъ
*rečete
*rekǫtь
Imperfect
Imperative
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*rečaaxъ
*rečaaše
*rečaaše
—
*rьci
*rьci
Dual
*rečaaxově
*rečaašeta
*rečaašete
*rьcěvě
*rьcěta
—
Plural
*rečaaxomъ
*rečaašete
*rečaaxǫ
*rьcěmъ
*rьcěte
—
East Slavic:
Old East Slavic: речи ( reči ) Old Ruthenian: речи́ ( rečí ) Russian: речи́ ( rečí ) ( dialectal )
South Slavic:
West Slavic:
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973 ) “реку ”, in Oleg Trubachyov , transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language ] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993 ) “реку ”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language ] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур) , Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN , page 109
Šanskij, N. M. (2004 ) “речь ”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language ] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
^ Derksen, Rick (2008 ) “*rekti ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN , →ISSN , page 433 : “v. (c) ‘speak, say’ ”
From earlier *regti , further etymology uncertain. Boryś derived descentands from *ręgati /*rǫgati ( “ to offend , to scorn ” ) and Brückner derived Slovene régniti from *ręžati ( “ to have a wide open mouth ” ) . All ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wreng- ( “ to twist , wring ” ) . That makes missing nasal in Polish problematic.
Łuczyński proposed to derive it from Proto-Indo-European *h₁regʷ- ( “ to be dark ” ) . For meaning shift from “dark, black” > “empty” compare Sanskrit रजस् ( rajas , “ darkness; space ” ) , Tigrinya ፀሊም ( ṣ́älim , “ black, dark, empty ” ) . The original Slavic meaning could therefore be “to make blanks ”, which was narrowed down to “to cut”.
*reťi impf [ 1]
to cut , crack
Conjugation of
*reťi, *reže, *rьžetь (
impf. ,
-C- , _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun
Infinitive
Supine
L-participle
*reženьje
*reťi
*reťь
*reglъ
Participles
Tense
Past
Present
Passive
*reženъ
*rьgomъ
Active
*regъ
*rьgy
Aorist
Present
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*reg(ox)ъ
*reže
*reže
*rьgǫ
*rьžeši
*rьžetь
Dual
*reg(ox)ově
*reg(e/os)ta
*reg(e/os)te
*rьževě
*rьžeta
*rьžete
Plural
*reg(ox)omъ
*reg(e/os)te
*regǫ, *regošę
*rьžemъ
*rьžete
*rьgǫtь
Imperfect
Imperative
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*rьžaaxъ
*rьžaaše
*rьžaaše
—
*rьdzi
*rьdzi
Dual
*rьžaaxově
*rьžaašeta
*rьžaašete
*rьdzěvě
*rьdzěta
—
Plural
*rьžaaxomъ
*rьžaašete
*rьžaaxǫ
*rьdzěmъ
*rьdzěte
—
Conjugation of
*reťi, *reže, *režetь (
impf. ,
-C- , _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun
Infinitive
Supine
L-participle
*reženьje
*reťi
*reťь
*reglъ
Participles
Tense
Past
Present
Passive
*reženъ
*regomъ
Active
*regъ
*regy
Aorist
Present
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*reg(ox)ъ
*reže
*reže
*regǫ
*režeši
*režetь
Dual
*reg(ox)ově
*reg(e/os)ta
*reg(e/os)te
*reževě
*režeta
*režete
Plural
*reg(ox)omъ
*reg(e/os)te
*regǫ, *regošę
*režemъ
*režete
*regǫtь
Imperfect
Imperative
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*režaaxъ
*režaaše
*režaaše
—
*rьdzi
*rьdzi
Dual
*režaaxově
*režaašeta
*režaašete
*rьdzěvě
*rьdzěta
—
Plural
*režaaxomъ
*režaašete
*režaaxǫ
*rьdzěmъ
*rьdzěte
—
Conjugation of
*reťi, *reže, *režetь (
impf. ,
-C- , s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun
Infinitive
Supine
L-participle
*reženьje
*reťi
*reťь
*reglъ
Participles
Tense
Past
Present
Passive
*reženъ
*regomъ
Active
*regъ
*regy
Aorist
Present
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*rěxъ
*reže
*reže
*regǫ
*režeši
*režetь
Dual
*rěxově
*rěsta
*rěste
*reževě
*režeta
*režete
Plural
*rěxomъ
*rěste
*rěšę
*režemъ
*režete
*regǫtь
Imperfect
Imperative
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
*režaaxъ
*režaaše
*režaaše
—
*rьdzi
*rьdzi
Dual
*režaaxově
*režaašeta
*režaašete
*rьdzěvě
*rьdzěta
—
Plural
*režaaxomъ
*režaašete
*režaaxǫ
*rьdzěmъ
*rьdzěte
—
South Slavic:
West Slavic:
^ Michał Łuczyński (2020 ) “2.1.7 Srus. Rьglъ ”, in Bogowie dawnych Słowian. Studium onomastyczne , Kielce: Kieleckie Towarzystwo Naukowe, →ISBN , pages 121-127
Brückner, Aleksander (1927 ) “rzężeć ”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language ] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
Snoj, Marko (2016 ) “regniti ”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary ] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
Wiesław Boryś (1992 ) “rzega”, in Stanisław Urbańczyk, editor, Język polski [1] (in Polish), volume 72 , number 1, Kraków: Towarzystwo Milosnikow Jezyka Polskiego, →ISSN , page 28