abundar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abundāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ə.βunˈda]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ə.bunˈda]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.bunˈdaɾ]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

abundar (first-person singular present abundo, first-person singular preterite abundí, past participle abundat)

1. (intransitive) to abound

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abundar (first conjugation)

infinitive			abundar
gerund			abundant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abundat		abundada
		plural		abundats		abundades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	abundo	abundes	abunda	abundem	abundeu	abunden
	imperfect	abundava	abundaves	abundava	abundàvem	abundàveu	abundaven
	future	abundaré	abundaràs	abundarà	abundarem	abundareu	abundaran
	preterite	abundí	abundares	abundà	abundàrem	abundàreu	abundaren
	conditional	abundaria	abundaries	abundaria	abundaríem	abundaríeu	abundarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	abundi	abundis	abundi	abundem	abundeu	abundin
	imperfect	abundés	abundessis	abundés	abundéssim	abundéssiu	abundessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	abunda	abundi	abundem	abundeu	abundin
	negative (no)	—	no abundis	no abundi	no abundem	no abundeu	no abundin

Related terms

• abundància
• abundant

Further reading

• “abundar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], 2007 April
• “abundar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025.
• “abundar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “abundar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto abundi, English abound, French abonder, Italian abbondare, Spanish abundar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abunˈdar/

Verb

abundar (present tense abundas, past tense abundis, future tense abundos, imperative abundez, conditional abundus)

1. (intransitive) to abound, be plentiful

Conjugation

Conjugation of abundar

		present		past		future
infinitive		abundar		abundir		abundor
tense		abundas		abundis		abundos
conditional		abundus		—		—
imperative		abundez		—		—
adjective active participle		abundanta		abundinta		abundonta
adverbial active participle		abundante		abundinte		abundonte
nominal active participle	singular	abundanto		abundinto		abundonto
	plural	abundanti		abundinti		abundonti

Derived terms

• abundegar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin abundāre. Doublet of avondar, abondar, and bondar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.bũˈda(ʁ)/ [a.bũˈda(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.bũˈda(ʁ)/ [a.bũˈda(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.bũˈda(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.bũˈda(ʁ)/ [a.bũˈda(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.bũˈda(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bũˈdaɾ/ [ɐ.βũˈdaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bũˈdaɾ/ [ɐ.βũˈdaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bũˈda.ɾi/ [ɐ.βũˈda.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: a‧bun‧dar

Verb

abundar (first-person singular present abundo, first-person singular preterite abundei, past participle abundado)

1. to abound (be plentiful)

   Synonym: afluir

   Antonyms: carecer, faltar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abundar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	abundar
Personal	abundar	abundares	abundar	abundarmos	abundardes	abundarem
Gerund
	abundando
Past participle
Masculine	abundado			abundados
Feminine	abundada			abundadas
Indicative
Present	abundo	abundas	abunda	abundamos	abundais	abundam
Imperfect	abundava	abundavas	abundava	abundávamos	abundáveis	abundavam
Preterite	abundei	abundaste	abundou	abundamos1, abundámos2	abundastes	abundaram
Pluperfect	abundara	abundaras	abundara	abundáramos	abundáreis	abundaram
Future	abundarei	abundarás	abundará	abundaremos	abundareis	abundarão
Conditional	abundaria	abundarias	abundaria	abundaríamos	abundaríeis	abundariam
Subjunctive
Present	abunde	abundes	abunde	abundemos	abundeis	abundem
Imperfect	abundasse	abundasses	abundasse	abundássemos	abundásseis	abundassem
Future	abundar	abundares	abundar	abundarmos	abundardes	abundarem
Imperative
Affirmative		abunda	abunde	abundemos	abundai	abundem
Negative (não)		não abundes	não abunde	não abundemos	não abundeis	não abundem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• abundância
• abundante

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abundāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /abunˈdaɾ/ [a.β̞ũn̪ˈd̪aɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧bun‧dar

Verb

abundar (first-person singular present abundo, first-person singular preterite abundé, past participle abundado)

1. (intransitive) to abound
2. to satisfy

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abundar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			abundar
gerund			abundando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abundado		abundada
		plural		abundados		abundadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abundo	abundastú abundásvos	abunda	abundamos	abundáis	abundan
	imperfect	abundaba	abundabas	abundaba	abundábamos	abundabais	abundaban
	preterite	abundé	abundaste	abundó	abundamos	abundasteis	abundaron
	future	abundaré	abundarás	abundará	abundaremos	abundaréis	abundarán
	conditional	abundaría	abundarías	abundaría	abundaríamos	abundaríais	abundarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	abunde	abundestú abundésvos2	abunde	abundemos	abundéis	abunden
	imperfect (ra)	abundara	abundaras	abundara	abundáramos	abundarais	abundaran
	imperfect (se)	abundase	abundases	abundase	abundásemos	abundaseis	abundasen
	future1	abundare	abundares	abundare	abundáremos	abundareis	abundaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		abundatú abundávos	abunde	abundemos	abundad	abunden
	negative		no abundes	no abunde	no abundemos	no abundéis	no abunden

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of abundar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive abundar	dative	abundarme	abundarte	abundarle, abundarse	abundarnos	abundaros	abundarles, abundarse
	accusative	abundarme	abundarte	abundarlo, abundarla, abundarse	abundarnos	abundaros	abundarlos, abundarlas, abundarse
with gerund abundando	dative	abundándome	abundándote	abundándole, abundándose	abundándonos	abundándoos	abundándoles, abundándose
	accusative	abundándome	abundándote	abundándolo, abundándola, abundándose	abundándonos	abundándoos	abundándolos, abundándolas, abundándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative abunda	dative	abúndame	abúndate	abúndale	abúndanos	not used	abúndales
	accusative	abúndame	abúndate	abúndalo, abúndala	abúndanos	not used	abúndalos, abúndalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative abundá	dative	abundame	abundate	abundale	abundanos	not used	abundales
	accusative	abundame	abundate	abundalo, abundala	abundanos	not used	abundalos, abundalas
with formal second-person singular imperative abunde	dative	abúndeme	not used	abúndele, abúndese	abúndenos	not used	abúndeles
	accusative	abúndeme	not used	abúndelo, abúndela, abúndese	abúndenos	not used	abúndelos, abúndelas
with first-person plural imperative abundemos	dative	not used	abundémoste	abundémosle	abundémonos	abundémoos	abundémosles
	accusative	not used	abundémoste	abundémoslo, abundémosla	abundémonos	abundémoos	abundémoslos, abundémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative abundad	dative	abundadme	not used	abundadle	abundadnos	abundaos	abundadles
	accusative	abundadme	not used	abundadlo, abundadla	abundadnos	abundaos	abundadlos, abundadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative abunden	dative	abúndenme	not used	abúndenle	abúndennos	not used	abúndenles, abúndense
	accusative	abúndenme	not used	abúndenlo, abúndenla	abúndennos	not used	abúndenlos, abúndenlas, abúndense

Derived terms

• abundado
• abundante

Related terms

• abundancia

Further reading

• “abundar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10