aestimo

Latin

Alternative forms

• aestumō

Etymology

From Old Latin aestumāre, from Proto-Italic *aistomāō, whose origin is uncertain. Usually explained as aes (“copper, bronze”) +‎ *temos (“cut”), so “one who cuts copper”, meaning one in the Roman Republic who mints money. The second element is then from Proto-Indo-European *temh₁- (“to cut”).

However, De Vaan finds this improbable and instead proposes a connection with Proto-Indo-European *h₂eys- (“to seek”), found in aeruscō (“to beg”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈae̯s.ti.moː/, [ˈäe̯s̠t̪ɪmoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈes.ti.mo/, [ˈɛst̪imo]

Verb

aestimō (present infinitive aestimāre, perfect active aestimāvī, supine aestimātum); first conjugation

1. to determine the value of something; value, price, rate, appraise, assess; estimate, reckon, consider, judge
2. to estimate the moral value of something; hold, weigh, value

Conjugation

   Conjugation of aestimō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	aestimō		aestimās		aestimat		aestimāmus		aestimātis		aestimant
	imperfect	aestimābam		aestimābās		aestimābat		aestimābāmus		aestimābātis		aestimābant
	future	aestimābō		aestimābis		aestimābit		aestimābimus		aestimābitis		aestimābunt
	perfect	aestimāvī		aestimāvistī		aestimāvit		aestimāvimus		aestimāvistis		aestimāvērunt, aestimāvēre
	pluperfect	aestimāveram		aestimāverās		aestimāverat		aestimāverāmus		aestimāverātis		aestimāverant
	future perfect	aestimāverō		aestimāveris		aestimāverit		aestimāverimus		aestimāveritis		aestimāverint
passive	present	aestimor		aestimāris, aestimāre		aestimātur		aestimāmur		aestimāminī		aestimantur
	imperfect	aestimābar		aestimābāris, aestimābāre		aestimābātur		aestimābāmur		aestimābāminī		aestimābantur
	future	aestimābor		aestimāberis, aestimābere		aestimābitur		aestimābimur		aestimābiminī		aestimābuntur
	perfect	aestimātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	aestimātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	aestimātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	aestimem		aestimēs		aestimet		aestimēmus		aestimētis		aestiment
	imperfect	aestimārem		aestimārēs		aestimāret		aestimārēmus		aestimārētis		aestimārent
	perfect	aestimāverim		aestimāverīs		aestimāverit		aestimāverīmus		aestimāverītis		aestimāverint
	pluperfect	aestimāvissem		aestimāvissēs		aestimāvisset		aestimāvissēmus		aestimāvissētis		aestimāvissent
passive	present	aestimer		aestimēris, aestimēre		aestimētur		aestimēmur		aestimēminī		aestimentur
	imperfect	aestimārer		aestimārēris, aestimārēre		aestimārētur		aestimārēmur		aestimārēminī		aestimārentur
	perfect	aestimātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	aestimātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		aestimā		—		—		aestimāte		—
	future	—		aestimātō		aestimātō		—		aestimātōte		aestimantō
passive	present	—		aestimāre		—		—		aestimāminī		—
	future	—		aestimātor		aestimātor		—		—		aestimantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		aestimāre			aestimārī			aestimāns			—
future		aestimātūrum esse			aestimātum īrī			aestimātūrus			aestimandus
perfect		aestimāvisse			aestimātum esse			—			aestimātus
future perfect		—			aestimātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		aestimātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		aestimandī		aestimandō		aestimandum		aestimandō		aestimātum		aestimātū

Derived terms

• aestimābilis
• aestimātiō f
• aestimātor m
• aestimātus
• aestimia
• aestimium n
• coaestimō
• exīstimō
• peraestimō

Related terms

• aestimātōrius

Descendants

• Franco-Provençal: èmar
• Italian: stimare, estimare
  • → Piedmontese: stimé
  • → Romansch: stimer
• Old Catalan: asmar, esmar
• Old French: esmer, asmer
• Old Occitan: esmar
• Old Galician-Portuguese: esmar, osmar
  • Galician: esmar, osmar
  • Portuguese: esmar
• Romansch: schmar, stumar, astmaer (medieval)
• Sardinian: istimare
• Sicilian: stimari
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *adaestimare
  • Old Catalan: aesmar
  • Old French: aesmer
    • → English: aim
  • Old Occitan: adesmar, azesmar, aesmar
  • Old Spanish: asmar
• → Catalan: estimar
• → English: estimate (via past participle)
• → Galician: estimar
• → Middle French: estimer
  • French: estimer, æstimer (obsolete)
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: estimere
  • → English: esteem
• → Portuguese: estimar
• → Romanian: estima
• → Spanish: estimar

References

• “aestimo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “aestimo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• aestimo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to measure something by the standard of something else; to make something one's criterion: metiri, ponderare, aestimare, iudicare aliquid (ex) aliqua re
    
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “aestimare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 230
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “aestimare”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 16