ayam

See also: ayaṃ

Languages (31)

Aklanon • Betawi • Brunei Malay • Buhi'non Bikol • Cebuano • Central Bikol • East Miraya Bikol • Iban • Indonesian • Inonhan • Isnag • Kagayanen • Kinaray-a • Libon Bikol • Lubuagan Kalinga • Malay • Maranao • Masbate Sorsogon • Masbatenyo • Northern Catanduanes Bikol • Ratagnon • Rinconada Bikol • Romblomanon • Sakizaya • Southern Catanduanes Bikol • Tagalog • Waray Sorsogon • Waray-Waray • West Miraya Bikol • Yogad • Zazaki

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Page categories

Aklanon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔajam/ [ˈʔaː.jam]
• Rhymes: -ajam
• Syllabification: a‧yam

Noun

áyam

1. dog

Derived terms

• ayam-ayam
• ayamon
• inayam
• mangangayam
• pangayam

Betawi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ajam/

Noun

ayam

1. chicken

Derived terms

• ayam biang
• ayam ciken
• ayam dedara
• ayam gorèng
• ayam jago
• ayam kentaki
• ayam tepung
• ayam-ayaman

Further reading

• Chaer, A. (2009) [1976], “ayam”, in Kamus dialek Jakarta [Dictionary of the Jakarta dialect], revised edition (in Indonesian), Depok: Masup Jakarta, →ISBN

Brunei Malay

Alternative forms

• hayam

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ajam/
• (Kedayan) IPA^(key): /hajam/
• Hyphenation: a‧yam

Noun

ayam

1. chicken (bird)
2. chicken (meat)

Buhi'non Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayám

1. dog

Cebuano

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam. First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Cebuano) IPA^(key): /ˈʔajam/ [ˈʔaː.jam]
• (Bohol, Southern Leyte) IPA^(key): /ˈʔad͡ʒam/ [ˈʔaː.d͡ʒam]
• Hyphenation: a‧yam

Noun

áyam (Badlit spelling ᜀᜌᜋ᜔)

1. dog

   Synonym: iro/ido

Central Bikol

Sarong ayam

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔajam/ [ˈʔa.jam]
• Hyphenation: a‧yam

Noun

áyam (Basahan spelling ᜀᜌᜋ᜔)

1. dog

   Synonyms: ido, dayo, gadya

See also

• ugbon

East Miraya Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayám

1. dog

Iban

Noun

ayam

1. toy

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• ajam (1901–1947)

Etymology

Inherited from Malay ayam, from hayam, from Proto-Malayic *hayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam. Semantic loan from Chinese 雞／鸡 (“female prostitute”, literally “chicken”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈajam/ [ˈa.jam]
• Rhymes: -ajam
• Syllabification: a‧yam

Noun

ayam (countable and uncountable, plural ayam-ayam)

1. (bird) a bird of the order Galliformes,
   1. chicken (Gallus gallus)
   2. (in extension) fowl
2. the meat from this bird eaten as food

   Ayam goreng sini sangat enak. ― The fried chicken here is very tasty.

3. (colloquial, derogatory) slut, prostitute

Derived terms

• ayam aduan
• ayam afkir
• ayam alas
• ayam asor
• ayam bakaran
• ayam bangkok
• ayam bekas
• ayam bekicem
• ayam bekikuk
• ayam belanda
• ayam beroga
• ayam bersanggul
• ayam bertelur
• ayam betina
• ayam betutu
• ayam biang
• ayam biring
• ayam blanja
• ayam broiler
• ayam bulbi
• ayam buras
• ayam cabai garam
• ayam cangking
• ayam cemani
• ayam cenangkas
• ayam cincane
• ayam dara
• ayam denak
• ayam domestikasi
• ayam dwiguna
• ayam ekaguna
• ayam galur
• ayam geprek
• ayam gepuk
• ayam goreng mentega
• ayam gorengan
• ayam grungsang
• ayam gulaian
• ayam guling
• ayam hias
• ayam hutan
• ayam hutan merah
• ayam iloni
• ayam ingkung
• ayam itik
• ayam jago
• ayam jalak
• ayam jantan dewasa
• ayam jantan muda
• ayam kaling
• ayam kampung
• ayam kampus
• ayam karage
• ayam katai
• ayam katik
• ayam kebiri
• ayam kedu
• ayam kedu alus
• ayam kedu hitam
• ayam kedu merah
• ayam kedu putih
• ayam kenet
• ayam kesrut
• ayam kiev
• ayam koci
• ayam kodok
• ayam kremes
• ayam kretep
• ayam kuluyuk
• ayam kung pao
• ayam kurma
• ayam laga
• ayam lancur
• ayam leghorn
• ayam lengkuas
• ayam liar
• ayam lodo
• ayam lokal
• ayam mangon
• ayam meh sameh
• ayam mutiara
• ayam nanking
• ayam negeri
• ayam olagan
• ayam organik
• ayam palean
• ayam panggang
• ayam pedaging
• ayam pejantan
• ayam pelalah
• ayam pelesung
• ayam pelung
• ayam penyet
• ayam peranggang
• ayam petak
• ayam petarung
• ayam petelur
• ayam peteteng
• ayam pinadar
• ayam pok-pok
• ayam pop
• ayam potong
• ayam potong bersih
• ayam pungguk
• ayam punjung
• ayam pupuh
• ayam ras
• ayam sabung
• ayam sabungan
• ayam sayur
• ayam selasih
• ayam sentul
• ayam sepuh
• ayam sepuhan
• ayam seraki
• ayam serama
• ayam srawah
• ayam suluh
• ayam taliwang
• ayam tambatan
• ayam tandori
• ayam tangkap
• ayam tangkas
• ayam tedung
• ayam ternak
• ayam tipuk
• ayam tiren
• ayam tumis

Further reading

• “ayam”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Anagrams

• maya

Inonhan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Isnag

Noun

ayam

1. toy

Kagayanen

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Kinaray-a

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Libon Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayám

1. dog

Lubuagan Kalinga

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. animal

Malay

ayam (1)

Alternative forms

• hayam

Etymology

From earlier hayam, from Proto-Malayic *hayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Prostitute sense is a semantic loan from Chinese 雞 / 鸡 (“female prostitute”, literally “chicken”).

Pronunciation

• (Literary Standard, Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈajam/ [ˈʔa.jam]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ajam
• (Kelantan-Pattani) IPA^(key): [ajɛ̃ː]
  • Rhymes: -ajɛ̃ː
• Hyphenation: a‧yam

Noun

ayam (Jawi spelling ايم, plural ayam-ayam)

1. chicken, a domesticated subspecies of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus)

   Synonym: (chiefly dialectal) manuk

   1. the meat from this bird eaten as food

   Ayam goreng ― Fried chicken

2. (in extension) fowl, bird grouped in clade Galloanserae

   Synonym: unggas

3. (slang) female prostitute

   Synonym: pelacur

4. (slang) someone or something that is simple, have nothing special about; a nobody, a simple thing

   Kita ni ayam je

   I'm just a nobody

   Synonyms: biasa, biasye

Adjective

ayam (Jawi spelling ايم, comparative lebih ayam, superlative paling ayam)

1. (slang) weak, noob or coward (especially in sports or video games)

   Synonyms: sayur, lembik

   • 2015 October 21, @IzzadZahari, Twitter‎^[1] (post):

     Ayam betul Liverpool ni, asyik kalah je lawan Chelsea. Huhu

     Liverpool are so weak, they keep losing to Chelsea. Huhu.

   • 2015 October 24, @padlee_93, Twitter‎^[2] (post):

     Team x kuat semua lawan mlm ni. Team power lawan mlm esok. Team paling ayam lawan lusa.

     The not-so-strong teams play tonight. The powerful teams play tomorrow. The weakest teams play the day after.

   • 2018 April 18, @MomoAyumi_, Twitter‎^[3] (post):

     Aku ingat Liverpool ayam rupa-rupanya City lagi ayam.

     I thought Liverpool were the weak ones, turns out City are even weaker.

Derived terms

• ayam goreng (“fried chicken”)
• ayam katik (“bantam chicken”)
• ayam percik (“splashed chicken, basted chicken”)
• ayam-ayam
• ayam-ayamkan
• bapak ayam (“male pimp; father who neglects his children”)
• cakar ayam (“poor handwriting”)
• diayam-ayamkan
• ibu ayam (“female pimp”)
• reban ayam (“chicken coop”)
• rumah ayam (“brothel”)
• sabung ayam (“cockfighting”)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: ayam (inherited)
• → Madurese: ajâm
• → North Moluccan Malay: ayam
• ⇒ Peranakan Indonesian: ajam
• ⇒ Petjo: ajam

Further reading

• "ayam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "ayam" at PRPM first version)

Maranao

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. animal

Masbate Sorsogon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Masbatenyo

Etymology

From Central Bikol ayam, from Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

   Synonym: ido

Northern Catanduanes Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Ratagnon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Rinconada Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Romblomanon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Sakizaya

Etymology

Compare Malay ayam/hayam and Indonesian ayam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ˈjam/, [a.ˈjam]

Noun

ayam

1. bird

Southern Catanduanes Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Tagalog

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *qayam

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam

Proto-Philippine *qayam

Tagalog ayam

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔajam/ [ˈʔaː.jɐm]
• Rhymes: -ajam
• Syllabification: a‧yam

Noun

ayam (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌᜋ᜔) (archaic)

1. guard dog

   Synonym: aso

See also

• ganid

Further reading

• “ayam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[4] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag., page 478: “Perro) Ayam (pp) T. caſero”
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qayam₂”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Anagrams

• maya, yama

Waray Sorsogon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔajam/, [ˈʔa.jam]
• Hyphenation: a‧yam

Noun

ayam

1. dog

Derived terms

• ayam-ayam

See also

• ido
• tiyo

References

• Abuyen, Tomas A. (2000), “ayam”, in Diksyunaryo Waray-waray (Visaya), English-Tagalog, Mandaluyong City: National Book Store, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22

West Miraya Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayám

1. dog

Yogad

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qayam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qayam.

Noun

ayam

1. animal

Zazaki

Noun

ayam

1. air
2. weather