balsam

See also: Balsam

English

Alternative forms

• balsem, balsum, balsome

Etymology

From Middle English *balsam, balsme, from Old English balsam, balsamum (“balsam, balm”), from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon, “balsam”), of Semitic origin (Hebrew בושם (“spice, perfume”)). Doublet of balm.

Pronunciation

• enPR: bôlʹsəm, IPA^(key): /ˈbɔːlsəm/

Noun

balsam (countable and uncountable, plural balsams)

1. (chiefly UK) A sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants.
2. (chiefly UK) A plant or tree yielding such substance.
3. (chiefly UK) A soothing ointment.
4. (chiefly UK, figuratively) Something soothing.

   Classical music is a sweet balsam for our sorrows

5. A flowering plant of the genus Impatiens.
6. The balsam family of flowering plants (Balsaminaceae), which includes Impatiens and .
7. A balsam fir Abies balsamea.
8. Canada balsam, a turpentine obtained from the resin of balsam fir.

Synonyms

• (sweet-smelling oil): balm
• (plant or tree): balm
• (soothing ointment): balm
• (something soothing): balm
• (flowering plant of the genus Impatiens): jewelweed, impatiens, touch-me-not

Derived terms

• balsamaceous
• balsam apple
• balsamed
• balsam fir
• balsamic
• balsamiferous
• Balsamina
• balsamint, balsam-mint
• balsam of Acouchi
• balsam of aniseed
• balsam of Copaiba
• balsam of Gilead
• balsam of Mecca
• balsam of Peru
• balsam of saturn
• balsam of steel
• balsam of sulfur, balsam of sulphur
• balsam of Tolu
• balsam oil
• balsam pear
• balsam poplar
• balsamroot
• balsam-tansy
• balsam tree
• balsamy
• Canada balsam
• friar's balsam
• garden balsam
• Mecca balsam
• Peruvian balsam
• Tolu balsam
• true balsam
• Turlington's balsam
• Wade's balsam
• wild balsam apple
• yellow balsam

 

Related terms

• balm
• balsamate
• balsamation
• Balsaminaceae
• balsamine
• balsamise, balsamize
• balsamitic
• balsamo
• balsamous
• balsamum
• opobalsam, opobalsamum
• xylobalsamum

 

Translations

sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from some plants

• Dutch: balsem (nl)
• Finnish: palsami (fi)
• French: pommade (fr) f
• Galician: bálsamo m
• German: Heilsalbe f, Trost (de) m
• Greek: βάλσαμο (el) n (válsamo)

  Ancient: βάλσαμον n (bálsamon)

• Ido: balzamo (io)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Irish: balsam m
• Italian: balsamo (it) m
• Portuguese: bálsamo (pt) m
• Romanian: balsam (ro) n
• Spanish: bálsamo (es) m

plant or tree yielding such substance

• Dutch: balsemboom (nl)
• Esperanto: balzamino
• Finnish: palsamipuu
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Greek: βαλσαμόδεντρο n (valsamódentro) (tree), σπαθόχορτο (el) n (spathóchorto) (plant)

  Ancient: βάλσαμον n (bálsamon)

• Ido: balzamo (io)
• Irish: balsam m, balsaimín m

soothing ointment

• Arabic: بَلْسَم m (balsam)
• Armenian: բալասան (hy) (balasan)
• Bulgarian: балсам (bg) (balsam), мехлем (bg) (mehlem)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 香脂 (zh) (xiāngzhī), 香膏 (zh) (xiānggāo), 香油 (zh) (xiāngyóu)

• Czech: balzám m
• Danish: balsam (da) c
• Dutch: balsem (nl) m
• Esperanto: balzamo
• Finnish: palsami (fi)
• French: baume (fr) m
• Galician: bálsamo m, ungüento m, pomada f
• German: Balsam (de) m, Trost (de) m (metaphorical)
• Greek: βάλσαμο (el) n (válsamo)
• Hebrew: צרי (he) f (tsori)
• Hindi: मरहम (hi) m (marham), मलहम (hi) m (malham), बाम (hi) m (bām), लेप (hi) m (lep), औषधि f (auṣdhi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Ido: balzamo (io)
• Indonesian: balsem (id)

  Sundanese: duyungson

• Irish: balsam m
• Italian: balsamo (it) m, unguento (it) m, pomata (it) f
• Japanese: バルサム (barusamu), 香油 (ja) (こうゆ, kōyu), (healing) 傷薬 (きずぐすり, kizugusuri)
• Polish: balsam (pl) m
• Portuguese: bálsamo (pt) m
• Russian: бальза́м (ru) m (balʹzám)
• Spanish: bálsamo (es) m
• Tatar: бәлзәм (tt) (bälzäm)
• Urdu: مرہم m
• Walloon: ôlmint (wa) m

figurative: something soothing

• Dutch: balsem (nl)
• Finnish: palsami (fi)
• German: Balsam (de) m
• Greek: βάλσαμο (el) n (válsamo)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Ido: balzamo (io)
• Italian: balsamo (it) m
• Tagalog: pampalubag-loob

flowering plant of the genus Impatiens

• Danish: balsamin
• Dutch: balsemien (nl) m, springzaad n
• Esperanto: balzamino
• Finnish: palsami (fi), palsamikukka
• French: balsamine (fr) f
• German: Springkraut n
• Greek: βάλσαμο (el) n (válsamo)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hunsrik: Balsemin f
• Ido: balzamo (io)
• Japanese: 鳳仙花 (ja) (hōsenka), ホウセンカ (ja) (hōsenka)
• Norman: belsaminne f
• Polish: niecierpek (pl) m
• Portuguese: balsamina f
• Spanish: balsamina f

balsam fir — see balsam fir

turpentine from the resin of balsam fir — see Canada balsam

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Old Norse: ^{(please verify)} balsamr m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

See also

• Impatiens on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

balsam (third-person singular simple present balsams, present participle balsaming, simple past and past participle balsamed)

1. (transitive) To treat or anoint with balsam.

Anagrams

• lambas, sambal

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish balsam(m), balsaim(e), from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon).

Noun

balsam m (genitive singular balsaim)

1. (medicine) balsam, balm
2. balsam (plant)

Declension

Declension of balsam

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative balsam balsaim Vocative a bhalsaim a bhalsama Genitive balsaim balsam Dative balsam balsaim

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an balsam na balsaim Genitive an bhalsaim na mbalsam Dative leis an mbalsam don bhalsam leis na balsaim

Derived terms

• balsam buí m (“yellow balsam”)
• balsam gairdín m (“garden balsam”)
• balsam na manach m (“friar's balsam”)
• balsamach (“balmy”, adjective)
• balsamaigh (“embalm”, verb)
• balsamóir m (“embalmer”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
balsam	bhalsam	mbalsam
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “balsam”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “balsam(m), balsaim(e)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Polish

Etymology

From Old Polish balsam or balszam, from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon, “balsam”).

Pronunciation

• Template:pl-IPA-auto

• audio:

  (file)

Noun

balsam m inan

1. (technical) balsam (“a sweet-smelling oil or resin derived from various plants”)
2. (cosmetics, medicine, pharmacology) lotion (“a low-viscosity topical preparation intended for application to skin”)
3. (historical) a substance used in thanatopraxy (“embalming of corpses”), specifically any substance used for this practice in Ancient Egypt.
4. (figuratively) balsam (“something soothing”)

Declension

Declension of balsam

	singular	plural
nominative	balsam	balsamy
genitive	balsamu	balsamów
dative	balsamowi	balsamom
accusative	balsam	balsamy
instrumental	balsamem	balsamami
locative	balsamie	balsamach
vocative	balsamie	balsamy

Synonyms

• (oil or resin): żywica
• (lotion): krem, mleczko, tonik
• (something soothing): otucha, ukojenie

Related terms

• balsamowanie
• balsamista
• balsamowiec
• balsamować
• balsamiczny
• balsamowy
• balsamowaty
• balsamicznie

See also

• natron
• mumifikacja

Further reading

• Template:R:PWN

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Romanian

Etymology

From Latin balsamum. Appears since 17th century. Probably entered Romanian through multiple routes, with the most common form from Italian balsamo, or through use in old medicinal practice. A now archaic variant form valsam derived from Greek βάλσαμο (válsamo). Cf. also German Balsam.

Noun

balsam n (plural balsamuri)

1. balsam (clarification of this definition is needed)
2. unction, balm, salve, unguent

Derived terms

• bălsăma