cousin

See also: Cousin

English

Etymology

From Middle English cosyn, from Old French cosin, from Latin cōnsōbrīnus, from com- + sōbrīnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʌz.n̩/
• IPA^(key): /ˈkʌz.ɪn/, /ˈkʌzən/
• IPA^(key): [ˈkʰɐz.ən]

  • Audio (US, California):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌzən
• Homophone: cozen

Noun

cousin (plural cousins)

1. The child of a person's uncle or aunt; a first cousin.

   Synonym: first cousin

   I think my cousin is a good man.

2. Any relation who is not a direct ancestor or descendant but part of one's extended family; one more distantly related than an uncle, aunt, granduncle, grandaunt, nephew, niece, grandnephew, grandniece, etc.
3. (obsolete) A title formerly given by a king to a nobleman, particularly to those of the council. In English writs, etc., issued by the crown, it signifies any earl.
   • Shakespeare

     My noble lords and cousins, all, good morrow.

4. (figurative) Something kindred or related to another.

Usage notes

• People who have common grandparents but different parents are first cousins. People who have common great-grandparents but no common grandparents and different parents are second cousins, and so on.
• In general, one's nth cousin is anyone other than oneself, one's siblings or nearer cousins found by going back n+1 generations and then forward n+1 generations. One of one's first cousin's parents is one's parents' siblings. One of one's second cousin's grandparents is one of one's grandparents' siblings.
• The child of one's first cousin is one's first cousin once removed; the grandchild of one's first cousin is one's first cousin twice removed, and so on. For example, if Phil and Marie are first cousins, and Marie has a son Andre, then Phil and Andre are first cousins once removed.
• In the southern US, the relation is considered the number of links between two people of common ancestry to the common aunt or uncle.
• A patrilineal or paternal cousin is a father's niece or nephew, and a matrilineal or maternal cousin a mother's. Paternal and maternal parallel cousins are father's brother's child and mother's sister's child, respectively; paternal and maternal cross cousins are father's sister's child and mother's brother's child, respectively.

Hyponyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• cousin-aunt
• cousin brother
• cousin-german
• cousin german
• cousin-in-law
• cousin prime
• cousin sister
• cousin-uncle
• cross-cousin
• first cousin
• kissing cousin
• parallel cousin
• second cousin
• third cousin

 

Derived terms

terms derived from cousin (noun)

• cousin-aunt
• cousin brother
• cousin-german
• cousin-in-law
• Cousin John
• cousin sister
• cousin-uncle
• cross cousin
• parallel cousin

 

Translations

nephew or niece of a parent

• Arabic: اِبْن عَمّ m (ibn ʕamm) (father's brother's son), بِنْت عَمّ f (bint ʕamm) (father's brother's daughter), اِبْن عَمَّة m (ibn ʕamma) (father's sister's son), بِنْت عَمَّة f (bint ʕamma) (father's sister's daughter), اِبْن خَال m (ibn ḵāl) (mother's brother's son), بِنْت خَال f (bint ḵāl) (mother's brother's daughter), اِبْن خَالَة m (ibn ḵāla) (mother's sister's son), بِنْت خَالَة f (bint ḵāla) (mother's sister's daughter)
• Armenian: զարմիկ (hy) (zarmik) (male), զարմուհի (hy) (zarmuhi) (female)
• Asturian: primu (ast) m, prima (ast) f
• Basque: lehengusu (eu), lehengusina (eu) (female)
• Belarusian: стрые́чны брат m (stryjéčny brat), стрые́чная сястра́ f (stryjéčnaja sjastrá), кузэ́н m (kuzén), кузі́на f (kuzína)
• Biatah Bidayuh: bitunggar
• Bulgarian: братовче́д (bg) m (bratovčéd), братовче́дка f (bratovčédka)
• Catalan: cosí (ca) m, cosina (ca) f
• Central Dusun: pinsan
• Chechen: шича (šiča)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 堂哥 (tong⁴ go¹) (older, father's brother's son), 堂弟 (tong⁴ dai^6-2) (younger, father's brother's son), 堂姐 (tong⁴ ze²) (older, father's brother's daughter), 堂妹 (tong⁴ mui^6-2) (younger, father's brother's daughter), 表哥 (biu² go¹) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's son), 表弟 (biu² dai^6-2) (younger, mother's sibling's or father's sister's son), 表姐 (biu² ze²) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's daughter), 表妹 (biu² mui^6-2) (younger, mother's sibling's or father's sister's daughter)

  Hakka: please add this translation if you can

  Mandarin: 堂兄 (zh) (tángxiōng) (older, father's brother's son), 堂哥 (zh) (tánggē) (older, father's brother's son), 堂弟 (zh) (tángdì) (younger, father's brother's son), 堂姐 (zh) (tángjiě) (older, father's brother's daughter), 堂姊 (zh) (tángzǐ) (older, father's brother's daughter), 堂妹 (zh) (tángmèi) (younger, father's brother's daughter), 表兄 (zh) (biǎoxiōng) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's son), 表哥 (zh) (biǎogē) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's son), 表弟 (zh) (biǎodì) (younger, mother's sibling's or father's sister's son), 表姐 (zh) (biǎojiě) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's daughter), 表姊 (zh) (biǎozǐ) (older, mother's sibling's or father's sister's daughter), 表妹 (zh) (biǎomèi) (younger, mother's sibling's or father's sister's daughter)

  Min Nan: (older male) 表兄 (piáu-hiaⁿ), (younger male) 表小弟 (piáu-sió-tī), (older female) 表姊 (piáu-ché, piáu-chí), (younger female) 表小妹 (piáu-sió-muē, piáu-sió-bē)

• Chinook Jargon: kahpo
• Cornish: kenderow m, keniterow f
• Czech: bratranec (cs) m, sestřenice (cs) f
• Dalmatian: cosobrain m
• Danish: fætter (da) c (male), kusine (da) c (female)
• Dutch: neef (nl) (male cousin or nephew), nicht (nl) (female cousin or niece), volle neef m, volle nicht f
• Esperanto: kuzo (eo) (♂), kuzino (eo) (♀), gekuzo (♂♀, non-standard), kuziĉo (♂, neologism)
• Estonian: nõbu (et), tädipoeg (aunt's son), täditütar (aunt's daughter), onupoeg (uncle's son), onutütar (uncle's daughter)
• Ewe: daa (older female cousin), fo (older male cousin), tsɛ (cousin younger than oneself)
• Faroese: systkinabarn n
• Finnish: serkku (fi)
• Flemish: kozijn (nl) m
• French: cousin (fr) m, cousine (fr) f

  Middle French: cousin m, cousine f

• Friulian: cusin m
• Galician: primo m, prima (gl) f, curmán m, curmá f
• Georgian: ბიძაშვილი (biʒašvili), დეიდაშვილი (deidašvili), მამიდაშვილი (ka) (mamidašvili)
• German: Cousin (de) m, Vetter (de) m, Cousine (de) f, Kusine (de) f, Base (de) f (regional)
• Greek: ξάδερφος (el) m (xáderfos)

  Ancient: ἀνεψιός m (anepsiós), ἀνεψιά f (anepsiá)

• Greenlandic: illoq, illooraq, illuk
• Hebrew: דּוֹדָן m (dodan), דּוֹדָנִית f (dodanyt), בן-דוד m (ben-dod) (uncle's son), בת-דוד f (bat-dod) (uncle's daughter), בן-דודה m (ben-doda) (aunt's son), בת-דודה f (bat-doda) (aunt's daughter)
• Hungarian: unokatestvér (hu)
• Icelandic: frændi (is) m (male), frænka (is) f (female)
• Ido: (♂♀) kuzo (io), (♂) kuzulo (io), (♂♀) kuzino (io)
• Indonesian: sepupu (id)
• Irish: col ceathrair m, col ceathar m
• Italian: cugino (it) m, cugina (it) f
• Japanese: いとこ (ja) (itoko), 従兄弟 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (male), 従兄 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (older male), 従弟 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (younger male), 従姉妹 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (female), 従姉 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (older female), 従妹 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (younger female), 従兄妹 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (older male cousin and younger female cousin), 従姉弟 (ja) (いとこ, itoko) (older female cousin and younger male cousin)
• Khmer: ជីដូនមួយ (jidōn mūay)
• Korean: 사촌 (ko) (sa-chon)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Kurdish:

  Sorani:

• Latgalian: bruolinīks, muosineica f, muosiniška
• Latin: sobrinus (la) m (maternal male cousin), sobrina (la) f (maternal female cousin), patruelis (la) m or f (paternal cousin)
• Latvian: (male) brālēns, (female) māsīca
• Lithuanian: pusbrolis m, pusseserė f
• Macedonian: (male) бра́тучед m (brátučed), (female) брату́чеда f (bratúčeda)
• Malay: sepupu
• Maori: tungāne (male cousin of a female), tuakana, (older male cousin of a male or older female cousin of a female), teina, taina (younger male cousin of a male or younger female cousin of a female), tuahine (female cousin of a male)
• Navajo: hazeedí (female speaker, male or female cousin), hoł naaʼaash (male speaker, male cousin), hazeedí (male speaker, female cousin)
• Norman: (Guernsey) cousin m, cousaine f, (Jersey) couôsîn m, couôsîn gèrmain m
• Northern Sami: (male) vilbealle, vilba, (female) oarpmealle, oambealle
• Norwegian: fetter (no) m (male), kusine (no) f (female), søskenbarn (no) n (both)
• Occitan: cosin (oc) m, cosina (oc) f

  Old French: cosin m, cosine f

• Old English: swēor m
• Old French: cosin m, cosine f
• Persian: پسرعمو (fa) (pesar-'amu) (paternal uncle's son), دخترعمو (fa) (doxtar-'amu) (paternal uncle's daughter), پسرعمه (fa) (pesar-'amme) (paternal aunt's son), دخترعمه (fa) (doxtar-'amme) (paternal aunt's daughter), پسردائی (fa) (pesar-dâ'i) (maternal uncle's son), دختردائی (doxtar-dâ'i) (maternal uncle's daughter), پسرخاله (fa) (pesar-xâle) (maternal aunt's son), دخترخاله (fa) (doxtar-xâle) (maternal aunt's daughter)
• Polish: kuzyn (pl) m pers, kuzynka (pl) f
• Portuguese: primo (pt) m, prima (pt) f
• Quechua: qayri
• Romanian: văr (ro) m, vară (ro) f, verișor (ro) m, verișoară (ro) f
• Romansch: cusrin f, cusregn m, cusdrin m, cusrina f, cusregna f, cusdrina f
• Russian: двою́родный брат (ru) m (dvojúrodnyj brat) (first cousin), двою́родная сестра́ (ru) f (dvojúrodnaja sestrá) (first cousin), кузе́н (ru) m (kuzɛ́n) (any cousin), кузи́на (ru) f (kuzína) (any cousin)
• Sardinian: fradibi, fradile, fradili, fradiri
• Scottish Gaelic: co-ogha m (first cousin), dà-ghlùn f (second cousin), mac-bràthar-athar m (paternal first cousin), nighean-bràthar-athar f (paternal first cousin), mac-bràthar-màthar m (maternal first cousin), mac-piuthar-seanar m (first cousin once removed), nighean-bràthar-seanmhar f (first cousin once removed), fionn-ogha sinn-sinn-seanair m (third cousin)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рођак m, братић m (first cousin), братучед m (any cousin), братучеда f (any cousin), другобратучед m (second cousin), другобратучеда f (second cousin)

  Roman: rođak (sh) m, bratić (sh) m (first cousin), bratučed (sh) m (any cousin), bratučeda (sh) f (any cousin), drugobratučed m (second cousin), drugobratučeda f (second cousin)

• Seri: (son of a female's parent's younger sibling) aacaz
• Slovak: bratranec (sk) m, sesternica (sk) f
• Slovene: bratranec (sl) m, sestrična (sl) f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: śeśko m (male), śeśenica f (female)

• Spanish: primo (es) m, prima (es) f
• Swahili: binamu (sw)
• Swedish: kusin (sv) c
• Tagalog: pinsan (tl)
• Taos: kìłu'úna (younger), prìmu'úna (general), tų̀łu'úna (older)
• Thai: ลูกพี่ลูกน้อง (th) (lûuk-pîi-lûuk-nɔ́ɔng)
• Turkish: (father's brother's child) amcaçocuğu, (father's brother's son) amcaoğlu, (father's brother's daughter) amcakızı, (mother's sister's child) teyzeçocuğu, (mother's sister's son) teyzeoğlu, (mother's sister's daughter) teyzekızı, (father's sister's child) halaçocuğu, (father's sister's son) halaoğlu (tr), (father's sister's daughter) halakızı, (mother's brother's child) dayıçocuğu, (mother's brother's son) dayıoğlu (tr), (mother's brother's daughter) dayıkızı, kuzen (tr) m, kuzin (tr) f, yeğen (tr), böle (tr)
• Ukrainian: двою́рідний брат (uk) m (dvojúridnyj brat), брат у пе́рших (uk) m (brat u péršyx), двою́рідна сестра́ f (dvojúridna sestrá), кузе́н m (kuzén), кузи́на f (kuzýna)
• Venetian: darman (vec) m, đerman m, xerman m, zerman (vec) m
• Vietnamese: anh họ (older male), chị họ (older female), em họ (vi) (younger male or female)
• Volapük: köst (vo)
• Walloon: cuzén (wa) m, cuzene (wa) f
• Welsh: cefnder (cy) m, cyfnither (cy) f, cefndryd (cy) m pl, cyfnitheroedd (cy) f pl
• Yámana: šamakuš

any relation who is not a direct ancestor or descendant, and more distantly related than an aunt, uncle, niece, nephew, etc.

• Finnish: pikkuserkku (fi), sukulainen (fi)
• Galician: primo m, prima (gl) f
• German: entfernter Verwandter m, entfernte Verwandte f
• Greek: μακρινός ξάδερφος m (makrinós xáderfos) (distant cousin)
• Romanian: văr (ro) m
• Russian: ро́дственник (ru) m (ródstvennik), ро́дственница (ru) f (ródstvennica)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рођак m, рођака f

  Roman: rođak (sh) m, rođaka (sh) f

• Swahili: binamu (sw)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Ibaloi: ^{(please verify)} kasing-sing
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Kapampangan: ^{(please verify)} pisan
• Thai: ^{(please verify)} ลูกพี่ลูกน้อง (th) (lôok pêe lôok nóng)

See also

• once removed
• twice removed

Further reading

• Template:projectlink

Anagrams

• scioun

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku.zɛ̃/

• audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle French cousin, from Old French cosin, from Latin cōnsōbrīnus.

Noun

cousin m (plural cousins, feminine cousine)

1. cousin (male)

Etymology 2

From Latin culicīnus (“mosquito-like”), from culex (“gnat, midge”).

Noun

cousin m (plural cousins)

1. crane fly

Synonyms

• maringouin

Derived terms

• cousinière (“protective mesh against crane flies”)

Further reading

• “cousin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Middle French

Etymology

From Old French cosin.

Noun

cousin m (plural cousins, feminine singular cousine, feminine plural cousines)

1. male cousin

Descendants

• French: cousin

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Norman

Alternative forms

• couôsîn (Standard Jèrriais)
• couôthîn (Saint Ouen)

Etymology

From Old French cosin, from Latin cōnsōbrīnus.

Noun

cousin m (plural cousins, feminine cousaine)

1. (Guernsey) (male) cousin