desanimar

Catalan

Etymology

From des- +‎ animar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [də.zə.niˈma]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [de.za.niˈmaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, first-person singular preterite desanimí, past participle desanimat)

1. (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten, to dispirit

   Synonym: descoratja

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desanimar (first conjugation)

infinitive			desanimar
gerund			desanimant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		desanimat		desanimada
		plural		desanimats		desanimades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	desanimo	desanimes	desanima	desanimem	desanimeu	desanimen
	imperfect	desanimava	desanimaves	desanimava	desanimàvem	desanimàveu	desanimaven
	future	desanimaré	desanimaràs	desanimarà	desanimarem	desanimareu	desanimaran
	preterite	desanimí	desanimares	desanimà	desanimàrem	desanimàreu	desanimaren
	conditional	desanimaria	desanimaries	desanimaria	desanimaríem	desanimaríeu	desanimarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	desanimi	desanimis	desanimi	desanimem	desanimeu	desanimin
	imperfect	desanimés	desanimessis	desanimés	desaniméssim	desaniméssiu	desanimessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	desanima	desanimi	desanimem	desanimeu	desanimin
	negative (no)	—	no desanimis	no desanimi	no desanimem	no desanimeu	no desanimin

Derived terms

• desànim m

Further reading

• “desanimar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Portuguese

Etymology

From des- +‎ animar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(h)], /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(h)], /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(χ)], /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ɻ)/, /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ɻ)/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(h)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.niˈmaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.niˈmaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.niˈma.ɾi/

Verb

desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, first-person singular preterite desanimei, past participle desanimado)

1. to discourage, dishearten
2. to dismay, dispirit

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desanimar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	desanimar
Personal	desanimar	desanimares	desanimar	desanimarmos	desanimardes	desanimarem
Gerund
	desanimando
Past participle
Masculine	desanimado			desanimados
Feminine	desanimada			desanimadas
Indicative
Present	desanimo	desanimas	desanima	desanimamos	desanimais	desanimam
Imperfect	desanimava	desanimavas	desanimava	desanimávamos	desanimáveis	desanimavam
Preterite	desanimei	desanimaste	desanimou	desanimamos1, desanimámos2	desanimastes	desanimaram
Pluperfect	desanimara	desanimaras	desanimara	desanimáramos	desanimáreis	desanimaram
Future	desanimarei	desanimarás	desanimará	desanimaremos	desanimareis	desanimarão
Conditional	desanimaria	desanimarias	desanimaria	desanimaríamos	desanimaríeis	desanimariam
Subjunctive
Present	desanime	desanimes	desanime	desanimemos	desanimeis	desanimem
Imperfect	desanimasse	desanimasses	desanimasse	desanimássemos	desanimásseis	desanimassem
Future	desanimar	desanimares	desanimar	desanimarmos	desanimardes	desanimarem
Imperative
Affirmative		desanima	desanime	desanimemos	desanimai	desanimem
Negative (não)		não desanimes	não desanime	não desanimemos	não desanimeis	não desanimem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “desanimar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “desanimar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

From des- +‎ animar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /desaniˈmaɾ/ [d̪e.sa.niˈmaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: de‧sa‧ni‧mar

Verb

desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, first-person singular preterite desanimé, past participle desanimado)

1. (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten, to dispirit

   Synonym: desalentar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desanimar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			desanimar
gerund			desanimando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		desanimado		desanimada
		plural		desanimados		desanimadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desanimo	desanimastú desanimásvos	desanima	desanimamos	desanimáis	desaniman
	imperfect	desanimaba	desanimabas	desanimaba	desanimábamos	desanimabais	desanimaban
	preterite	desanimé	desanimaste	desanimó	desanimamos	desanimasteis	desanimaron
	future	desanimaré	desanimarás	desanimará	desanimaremos	desanimaréis	desanimarán
	conditional	desanimaría	desanimarías	desanimaría	desanimaríamos	desanimaríais	desanimarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desanime	desanimestú desanimésvos2	desanime	desanimemos	desaniméis	desanimen
	imperfect (ra)	desanimara	desanimaras	desanimara	desanimáramos	desanimarais	desanimaran
	imperfect (se)	desanimase	desanimases	desanimase	desanimásemos	desanimaseis	desanimasen
	future1	desanimare	desanimares	desanimare	desanimáremos	desanimareis	desanimaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		desanimatú desanimávos	desanime	desanimemos	desanimad	desanimen
	negative		no desanimes	no desanime	no desanimemos	no desaniméis	no desanimen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of desanimar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive desanimar	dative	desanimarme	desanimarte	desanimarle, desanimarse	desanimarnos	desanimaros	desanimarles, desanimarse
	accusative	desanimarme	desanimarte	desanimarlo, desanimarla, desanimarse	desanimarnos	desanimaros	desanimarlos, desanimarlas, desanimarse
with gerund desanimando	dative	desanimándome	desanimándote	desanimándole, desanimándose	desanimándonos	desanimándoos	desanimándoles, desanimándose
	accusative	desanimándome	desanimándote	desanimándolo, desanimándola, desanimándose	desanimándonos	desanimándoos	desanimándolos, desanimándolas, desanimándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative desanima	dative	desanímame	desanímate	desanímale	desanímanos	not used	desanímales
	accusative	desanímame	desanímate	desanímalo, desanímala	desanímanos	not used	desanímalos, desanímalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative desanimá	dative	desanimame	desanimate	desanimale	desanimanos	not used	desanimales
	accusative	desanimame	desanimate	desanimalo, desanimala	desanimanos	not used	desanimalos, desanimalas
with formal second-person singular imperative desanime	dative	desanímeme	not used	desanímele, desanímese	desanímenos	not used	desanímeles
	accusative	desanímeme	not used	desanímelo, desanímela, desanímese	desanímenos	not used	desanímelos, desanímelas
with first-person plural imperative desanimemos	dative	not used	desanimémoste	desanimémosle	desanimémonos	desanimémoos	desanimémosles
	accusative	not used	desanimémoste	desanimémoslo, desanimémosla	desanimémonos	desanimémoos	desanimémoslos, desanimémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative desanimad	dative	desanimadme	not used	desanimadle	desanimadnos	desanimaos	desanimadles
	accusative	desanimadme	not used	desanimadlo, desanimadla	desanimadnos	desanimaos	desanimadlos, desanimadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative desanimen	dative	desanímenme	not used	desanímenle	desanímennos	not used	desanímenles, desanímense
	accusative	desanímenme	not used	desanímenlo, desanímenla	desanímennos	not used	desanímenlos, desanímenlas, desanímense

Related terms

• desánimo m

Further reading

• “desanimar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025