doleo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *doleō (“hurt, cause pain”), from Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁éyeti (“divide”), from *delh₁- (“cut”). The sense development is thus assumed to be that "divide" came to mean "divide someone into pieces, hurt". Compare dolō (“hew, fashion, devise”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈdo.le.oː/, [ˈd̪ɔɫ̪eoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdo.le.o/, [ˈd̪ɔːleo]

Verb

doleō (present infinitive dolēre, perfect active doluī, supine dolitum); second conjugation, no passive

1. (intransitive) to hurt, suffer (physical pain)
   • Pliny the Younger :

     Paete, non dolet

     Paetus, it does not hurt

2. (intransitive) to be sorry, to grieve for, lament, deplore
   • Bernard of Clairvaux :

     Vulgo dicitur: quod non videt oculus, cor non dolet

     It is commonly said: What the eye does not see, the heart does not grieve

Conjugation

Conjugation of doleō (second conjugation, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	doleō	dolēs	dolet	dolēmus	dolētis	dolent
	imperfect	dolēbam	dolēbās	dolēbat	dolēbāmus	dolēbātis	dolēbant
	future	dolēbō	dolēbis	dolēbit	dolēbimus	dolēbitis	dolēbunt
	perfect	doluī	doluistī	doluit	doluimus	doluistis	doluērunt, doluēre
	pluperfect	dolueram	doluerās	doluerat	doluerāmus	doluerātis	doluerant
	future perfect	doluerō	dolueris	doluerit	doluerimus	dolueritis	doluerint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	doleam	doleās	doleat	doleāmus	doleātis	doleant
	imperfect	dolērem	dolērēs	dolēret	dolērēmus	dolērētis	dolērent
	perfect	doluerim	doluerīs	doluerit	doluerīmus	doluerītis	doluerint
	pluperfect	doluissem	doluissēs	doluisset	doluissēmus	doluissētis	doluissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	dolē	—	—	dolēte	—
	future	—	dolētō	dolētō	—	dolētōte	dolentō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		dolēre	doluisse	dolitūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		dolēns	—	dolitūrus	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		dolendī	dolendō	dolendum	dolendō	dolitum	dolitū

Derived terms

• circumdoleō
• condoleō
• condolēscō
• dēdoleō
• dolēns
• dolenter
• dolentia
• dolentulus
• dolitō
• dolor
• perdoleō

Related terms

• dolidus
• dolōrōsus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: dor, dureari
  • Romanian: durea, durere
• Dalmatian:
  • dolar
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: dole

    Gallurese: dulì

    Sassarese: durì

  • Italian: dolere
  • Sicilian: dòliri, lòriri
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: dolere, doliri, doli
• North Italian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Ligurian: doî
    • Romansch: dulair, dular, duler, duleir, dolair
  • Friulian: dulî
  • Venetian: dolér, giolér, giołér
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: dolêr
  • Old French: doloir, doleir, douloir, duleir, doudre, doler, dolir
    • French: douloir
    • Norman: doudre
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: doldre, doler
  • Occitan: dòler, dòlre, dolguer
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: doler
  • Old Leonese: [Term?]
    • Asturian: doler
    • Extremaduran: dolel
    • Mirandese: doler
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: doer
    • Galician: doer
    • Portuguese: doer
  • Spanish: doler

References

• “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “doleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• doleo in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• doleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
    
  • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176