emerald

See also: Emerald

English

cut emeralds (beryl)

Etymology

From Middle English emeraude, borrowed from Old French esmeraude, from Vulgar Latin *smaralda, *smaraldus, *smaraudus, variant of Latin smaragdus, from Ancient Greek σμάραγδος (smáragdos), μάραγδος (máragdos), from a Semitic language. Compare Hebrew בָּרֶקֶת (bareket, “emerald, flashing gem”), Akkadian 𒁀𒊏𒄣 (baraqu, literally “scintillation”), Arabic بَرْق (barq, literally “flashing”), Egyptian bwyrqꜣ (literally “to sparkle”):

and loanwords with Semitic etymon such as Sanskrit मरकत (marakata) and Persian زمرد (zomorrod) (whence Turkish zümrüt and Russian изумру́д (izumrúd)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛməɹəld/, /ˈɛmɹəld/

Noun

emerald (countable and uncountable, plural emeralds)

1. Any of various green gemstones, especially a green transparent form of beryl, highly valued as a precious stone.
   • 2012 March, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 2, page 128:

     Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade.

2. Emerald green, a colour.

   emerald:  

3. Any hummingbird in the genera Chlorostilbon and Elvira; and some in the genus Amazilia
4. (dated, printing, UK) A size of type between nonpareil and minion, standardized as 6½-point.

Synonyms

• (gemstone): smaragd (obsolete)
• (type size, US): minionette

Translations

gemstone

• Afrikaans: smarag
• Aghul: зумруд (zumrud)
• Arabic: زُمُرُّد (ar) m (zumurrud)

  Egyptian Arabic: زمرد m (zumurrud)

• Aragonese: esmeralda f
• Armenian: զմրուխտ (hy) (zmruxt)
• Asturian: esmeralda f
• Avar: зумруд (zumrud)
• Azerbaijani: zümrüd (az)
• Balinese: ᬚᬫ᭄ᬭᬸᬤ᭄ (jamrud), ᬚᬫ᭄ᬭᬸᬢ᭄ (jamrut)
• Bashkir: зөбәржәт (zöbərjət)
• Belarusian: ізумру́д m (izumrúd), смара́гд m (smaráhd)
• Bengali: পান্না (bn) (panna)
• Bulgarian: изумру́д m (izumrúd)
• Burmese: မြ (my) (mra.)
• Catalan: maragda (ca) f, esmaragda (ca) f
• Cherokee: ᎡᎻᎳ (emila)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 綠寶石／绿宝石 (zh) (lǜbǎoshí), 绿宝石 (zh) (lǜbǎoshí)

• Crimean Tatar: zumrut
• Czech: smaragd (cs) m
• Danish: smaragd (da)
• Dutch: smaragd (nl) m
• Esperanto: smeraldo (eo)
• Estonian: smaragd
• Finnish: smaragdi (fi)
• French: émeraude (fr) f
• Friulian: smeralt m, smerald m
• Gagauz: zümrüt
• Galician: esmeralda f
• Georgian: ზურმუხტი (zurmuxṭi)
• German: Smaragd (de) m
• Greek: σμαράγδι (el) n (smarágdi)

  Ancient: σμάραγδος m (smáragdos)

• Hebrew: אִזְמַרְגָּד (he) (izmargád), בָּרֶקֶת (he) (baréqet)
• Hindi: पन्ना (hi) m (pannā), मरकत (hi) m (markat)
• Hungarian: smaragd (hu)
• Icelandic: smaragður (is) m
• Indonesian: zamrud (id)
• Interlingua: esmeraldo
• Interlingue:
• Irish: smaragaid f
• Italian: smeraldo (it) m
• Japanese: エメラルド (ja) (emerarudo), 翠玉 (すいぎょく, suigyoku), 緑玉 (ja) (りょくぎょく, ryokugyoku)
• Javanese: ꦩꦂꦏꦠ (markata), ꦩꦫꦏꦠ (marakata), ꦗꦼꦩꦿꦸꦠ꧀ (jemrut)
• Kalmyk: марһад (marğad)
• Karakalpak: zu‘mret
• Kashubian: szmaragd m
• Kazakh: зүмірет (kk) (zümıret)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Khmer: មរកត (km) (mɔrəkɑt)
• Korean: 에메랄드 (ko) (emeraldeu)
• Kumyk: зумрут (zumrut)
• Kyrgyz: зумурут (ky) (zumurut), зымырыт (ky) (zımırıt)
• Lak: зумруд (zumrud)
• Lao: ມະຣະກົດ (mārākót), ມະລະກົດ (ma la kot), ມໍຣະກົດ (mǭ ra kot)
• Latin: smaragdus (la) m
• Latvian: smaragds m
• Lezgi: зумруд (zumrud)
• Lithuanian: smarãgdas m
• Macedonian: смара́гд m (smarágd)
• Malay: zamrud
• Maori: emerara
• Middle English: emeraude
• Mongolian: маргад (mn) (margad)
• Nahuatl: quetzaliztli, chalchihuitl (nah)
• Nogai: зуьбаржат (zübarjat)
• Occitan: esmeralda f
• Persian: زمرد (fa) (zomorrod)
• Polish: szmaragd (pl) m
• Portuguese: esmeralda (pt) f
• Romani:

  Vlax Romani: šmarago m (Lovara)

• Romanian: smarald (ro) n, smarand (ro) n, smaragd (ro) n
• Romansch: smaragd m
• Russian: изумру́д (ru) m (izumrúd), смара́гд (ru) m (smarágd) (dated)
• Rutul: зымрытӏ
• Sanskrit: मरकत (sa) n (marakata)
• Sicilian: smiraldu m
• Slovak: smaragd m
• Slovene: smarágd (sl) m
• Spanish: esmeralda (es) f
• Swahili: zumaridi
• Swedish: smaragd (sv) c
• Tagalog: esmeralda
• Tajik: зумуррад (zumurrad)
• Tatar: зөбәрҗәт (tt) (zöbärcät)
• Telugu: మరకతము (te) (marakatamu), పచ్చ (te) (pacca)
• Thai: มรกต (th) (mɔɔ-rá-gòt)
• Tibetan: མར་གད (mar gad), མ་རྒད (ma rgad)
• Turkish: zümrüt (tr)
• Turkmen: zümerret (tk)
• Ukrainian: смара́гд m (smaráhd)
• Urdu: مرکت m (markat)
• Uyghur: زۇمرەت (zumret)
• Uzbek: zumrad (uz)
• Venetian: smeraldo (vec) m
• Welsh: emrallt m, gwyrddfaen m
• Yiddish: שמאָראַק m (shmorak), סמאַראַגד m (smaragd)

colour

• Cherokee: ᎡᎻᎳ-ᎢᏤᏳᏍᏗ (emila-itseyusdi)
• Finnish: smaragdinvihreä (fi)
• French: émeraude (fr) f
• German: Smaragdgrün n
• Greek: σμαραγδένιο n (smaragdénio), βαθυπράσινο n (vathyprásino)
• Hungarian: smaragdzöld (hu)
• Japanese: エメラルド色 (emerarudo-iro)
• Latvian: smaragdzaļa krāsa
• Lithuanian: smarãgdas m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Macedonian: смарагдна (smaragdna)
• Persian: زمرد (fa) (zomorrod)
• Polish: kolor szmaragdowy m
• Portuguese: verde-esmeralda m
• Romanian: smaraldiu m
• Russian: изумру́дный (цвет) m (izumrúdnyj (cvet))
• Swahili: rangi ya zumaridi
• Swedish: smaragdgrön (sv)
• Ukrainian: смара́гдовий (smaráhdovyj)

Derived terms

• Emerald
• emerald ash borer
• Emerald City
• emerald cockroach wasp
• emerald cut
• emerald green
• emeraldine
• Emerald Isle
• emeraldlike
• emerald tree boa
• emerald wasp
• lithia emerald

 

Adjective

emerald (comparative more emerald, superlative most emerald)

1. Of a rich green colour.
   • (Can we date this quote by Byron and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     The insect-queen of eastern spring, / O'er emerald meadows of Kashmeer / Invites the young pursuer near, / And leads him on from flower to flower / A weary chase and wasted hour.

Translations

rich green colour

• Bulgarian: изумруден (izumruden)
• Dutch: smaragdgroen (nl), smaragdgroene (nl)
• Finnish: smaragdinvihreä (fi)
• French: émeraude (fr)
• Galician: esmeralda m or f
• Georgian: ზურმუხტისფერი (zurmuxṭisperi)
• German: smaragdgrün (de), smaragdfarben
• Greek: σμαράγδένιος (smarágdénios)
• Hungarian: smaragdzöld (hu)
• Interlingua: esmeraldin
• Japanese: エメラルド (ja) (emerarudo)
• Latin: smaragdīnus
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latvian: smaragdzaļš
• Lithuanian: smarãgdinis
• Macedonian: смарагден m (smaragden)
• Persian: زمردی (fa) (zomorrodi)
• Polish: szmaragdowy (pl) m
• Portuguese: esmeralda (pt)
• Romanian: smaraldiu
• Russian: изумру́дный (ru) (izumrúdnyj)
• Spanish: esmeralda (es)
• Swedish: smaragdgrön (sv)
• Ukrainian: смара́гдовий (smaráhdovyj)

Verb

emerald (third-person singular simple present emeralds, present participle emeralding, simple past and past participle emeralded)

1. (transitive, poetic) To ornament with, or as if with, emeralds; to make green.

Related terms

• smaragd
• smaragdine

See also

• beryl

Further reading

• David Barthelmy (1997–2024) “Emerald”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
• “emerald”, in Mindat.org‎^[2], Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2024.