ingen

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) +‎ -gi (“not”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enɡən/, [ˈeŋŋ̩]

Pronoun

ingen (neuter intet, plural ingen)

1. (determiner) no

   Jeg har ingen penge.

   I have no money.

2. (pronoun) no one, nobody, nothing, neither, none

   Ingen har set ham siden i morges.

   No one has seen him since this morning.

See also

• nogen

Hungarian

Etymology

ing +‎ -en

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiŋɡɛn]
• Hyphenation: in‧gen

Noun

ingen

1. superessive singular of ing

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse engi, enginn.

Pronoun

ingen (feminine inga, masculine ingen, neuter intet, plural ingen)

1. no; no one; nobody; nothing
2. neither
3. none

Adjective

ingen

1. no; not any

Derived terms

• ingenmannsland
• ingen nyheter er gode nyheter

References

• “ingen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Norwegian eingin, from Old Norse enginn, a newer form of engi. Cognate with Faroese eingin, Icelandic enginn, Swedish ingen and Danish ingen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɪŋːɛn/

Determiner

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

1. no

Pronoun

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

1. no one; nobody
2. neither
3. none

Derived terms

• ingenmannsland
• ingenting

References

• “ingen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ginen

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Primitive Irish ᚔᚅᚔᚌᚓᚅᚐ (inigena), from Proto-Celtic *enigenā, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ‘to produce, beget’; compare Latin indigena (“native”) and Ancient Greek ἐγγόνη (engónē, “granddaughter”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈinʲɣʲen/

Noun

ingen f (genitive ingine)

2. daughter
3. maiden, virgin, young woman

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ingenL	inginL	ingenaH
Vocative	ingenL	inginL	ingenaH
Accusative	inginN	inginL	ingenaH
Genitive	ingineH	ingenL	ingenN
Dative	inginL	ingenaib	ingenaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• ingenach
• ingenacht
• ingenrad

 

Descendants

• Middle Irish: ingen
  • Irish: iníon, inghean; inghin, inín; nighean, níon, inín
  • Manx: inneen
  • Scottish Gaelic: nighean, nigheann, inghean
• ⇒ Middle Irish: ingenas

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ-, *h₃nogʷʰ-.

Cognate with Welsh ewin, Breton ivin; and with Latin unguis, English nail, Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Russian но́готь (nógotʹ), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiŋʲɡʲen/

Noun

ingen f (genitive ingen)

2. nail (fingernail, toenail)

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ingenL	inginL	ingneaH
Vocative	ingenL	inginL	ingneaH
Accusative	inginN	inginL	ingneaH
Genitive	ingneH	ingenL	ingenN
Dative	inginL	ingnib	ingnib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: ionga
• Manx: ingin
• Scottish Gaelic: ionga

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ingen (‘daughter’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 ingen (‘nail’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 24

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish ængin, from Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) + -gi (privative suffix).

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Determiner

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

1. no

   Jag har inga cigaretter.

   I have no cigarettes.

   Jag har ingen bil.

   I have no car.

   Inget träd kan leva av vatten allena.

   No tree can live by nothing but water.

Pronoun

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

1. no one, nobody, none

   Ingen har någonsin sprungit 100 meter på under nio sekunder!

   No one has ever run 100 meters faster than nine seconds!

Usage notes

The neuter form inget is also used for inanimates, i.e. in the sense "nothing".

See also

• ingen alls, ingendera

Further reading

• ingen in Svensk ordbok.