maith
Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Irish maith (compare Scottish Gaelic math and Manx mie), from Proto-Celtic *matis (compare Welsh and Breton mad, Cornish mas).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
maith (genitive singular masculine maith, genitive singular feminine maithe, plural maithe, comparative fearr)
Usage notes[edit]
- Takes the adverbial construction go maith when used predicatively after a form of bí:
- Tá an anraith seo go maith. ― This soup is good.
Declension[edit]
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | maith | mhaith | maithe; mhaithe² | |
Vocative | mhaith | maithe | ||
Genitive | maithe | maithe | maith | |
Dative | maith; mhaith¹ |
mhaith | maithe; mhaithe² | |
Comparative | níos fearr | |||
Superlative | is fearr |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Derived terms[edit]
Noun[edit]
maith f (genitive singular maithe, nominative plural maithe)
Declension[edit]
Verb[edit]
maith (present analytic maitheann, future analytic maithfidh, verbal noun maitheamh, past participle maite)
Inflection[edit]
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation[edit]
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
maith | mhaith | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- "maith" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *matis, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂tis (“ripe, good”), from *meh₂- (“to ripen, to mature”). Cognate with Welsh mad and Gaulish mat.
Alternative forms[edit]
Adjective[edit]
maith (comparative ferr, superlative dech)
- good
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b9
- Ní indráigne dúib cinin·fil lib, ar idib maithi cene.
- It is no detriment to you pl, though we are not with you, for you are good already.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 16b9
Declension[edit]
i-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | maith | maith | maith |
Vocative | maith | ||
Accusative | maith | maith | |
Genitive | maith | maithe | maith |
Dative | maith | maith | maith |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | maithi | maithi | |
Vocative | maithi | ||
Accusative | maithi | ||
Genitive | maith* maithe | ||
Dative | maithib | ||
Notes | *not when substantivized |
Descendants[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Etymology 2[edit]
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb[edit]
·maith
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
maith also mmaith after a proclitic |
maith pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Welsh[edit]
Adjective[edit]
maith (feminine singular maith, plural meithion, equative maithed, comparative maithach, superlative maithaf)
- long, far, large, extensive, numerous
- long-lasting, tedious, tiresome
- great (of quality)
- sad, bitter
- wise, clever, cunning, sly
Derived terms[edit]
- amser maith yn ôl (“a long time ago”)
Mutation[edit]
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
maith | faith | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Scottish Gaelic[edit]
Verb[edit]
maith (past mhaith, future maithidh, verbal noun mathadh, past participle maithte)
- Alternative form of math
Noun[edit]
maith m
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish adjectives
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish second-declension nouns
- Irish verbs
- Irish first-conjugation verbs
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *meh₂- (good)
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adjectives
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish i-stem adjectives
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish verb forms
- Old Irish suppletive adjectives
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh adjectives
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic verbs
- Scottish Gaelic non-lemma forms
- Scottish Gaelic noun forms